Comparative toxicity of polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate in three strains of rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Hwan Woo ◽  
Ki Cheon Kim ◽  
Hyeon-Young Kim ◽  
In-Hyeon Kim ◽  
Sung-Hwan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyhexamethylene Guanidine ◽  
Comparative Toxicity ◽  
Guanidine Phosphate

scholarly journals Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Phosphate Induces Apoptosis through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Lung Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1215
Author(s):  
Mi Ho Jeong ◽  
Mi Seon Jeon ◽  
Ga Eun Kim ◽  
Ha Ryong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Polyhexamethylene Guanidine ◽  
Lung Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Cell Death ◽  
Guanidine Phosphate

Airway epithelial cell death contributes to the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p), commonly used as a disinfectant, has been shown to be strongly associated with lung fibrosis in epidemiological and toxicological studies. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PHMG-p-induced epithelial cell death is currently unclear. We synthesized a PHMG-p–fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugate and assessed its uptake into lung epithelial A549 cells. To examine intracellular localization, the cells were treated with PHMG-p–FITC; then, the cytoplasmic organelles were counterstained and observed with confocal microscopy. Additionally, the organelle-specific cell death pathway was investigated in cells treated with PHMG-p. PHMG-p–FITC co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and PHMG-p induced ER stress in A549 cells and mice. The ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) was used as a pre-treatment to verify the role of ER stress in PHMG-p-induced cytotoxicity. The cells treated with PHMG-p showed apoptosis, which was inhibited by TUDCA. Our results indicate that PHMG-p is rapidly located in the ER and causes ER-stress-mediated apoptosis, which is an initial step in PHMG-p-induced lung fibrosis.

Respiratory Toxicity of Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Phosphate Exposure in Zebrafish

Zebrafish ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanseul Oh ◽  
C-Yoon Kim ◽  
Bokyeong Ryu ◽  
Ukjin Kim ◽  
Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyhexamethylene Guanidine ◽  
Guanidine Phosphate ◽  
Respiratory Toxicity

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate-induced upregulation of MUC5AC via activation of the TLR-p38 MAPK and JNK axis

2019 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Mi Ho Jeong ◽  
Yong Joo Park ◽  
Ha Ryong Kim ◽  
Kyu Hyuck Chung
Keyword(s):  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Polyhexamethylene Guanidine ◽  
Guanidine Phosphate

Integration of transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics identifies biomarkers for pulmonary injury by polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p), a humidifier disinfectant, in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 887-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Dae Lee ◽  
Hyang Yeon Kim ◽  
Keunsoo Kang ◽  
Hye Gwang Jeong ◽  
Mi-Kyung Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Injury ◽  
Polyhexamethylene Guanidine ◽  
Guanidine Phosphate

A humidifier disinfectant biocide, polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate, inhalation exposure during pregnancy induced toxicities in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 404 ◽  
pp. 124007
Author(s):  
Jinsoo Lee ◽  
Seong-Jin Choi ◽  
Ji-Seong Jeong ◽  
Sang Yun Kim ◽  
Sang-Hyub Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Polyhexamethylene Guanidine ◽  
Exposure During Pregnancy ◽  
Guanidine Phosphate
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