exposure during pregnancy
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2022 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 107052
Author(s):  
Kokeb Tesfamariam ◽  
Alemayehu Argaw ◽  
Giles T. Hanley-Cook ◽  
Seifu H. Gebreyesus ◽  
Patrick Kolsteren ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abby F. Fleisch ◽  
Sudipta Kumer Mukherjee ◽  
Subrata K. Biswas ◽  
John F. Obrycki ◽  
Sheikh Muhammad Ekramullah ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Arsenic exposure has been associated with gestational diabetes mellitus. However, the extent to which arsenic exposure during pregnancy is associated with postpartum glucose intolerance is unknown. Methods We studied 323 women in Bangladesh. We assessed arsenic exposure in early pregnancy via toenail and water samples. We measured fasting glucose and insulin in serum at a mean (SD) of 4.0 (3.5) weeks post-delivery. We ran covariate-adjusted, linear regression models to examine associations of arsenic concentrations with HOMA-IR, a marker of insulin resistance, and HOMA-β, a marker of beta cell function. Results Median (IQR) arsenic concentration was 0.45 (0.67) μg/g in toenails and 2.0 (6.5) μg/L in drinking water. Arsenic concentrations during pregnancy were not associated with insulin resistance or beta cell function postpartum. HOMA-IR was 0.07% (− 3.13, 3.37) higher and HOMA-β was 0.96% (− 3.83, 1.99) lower per IQR increment in toenail arsenic, but effect estimates were small and confidence intervals crossed the null. Conclusions Although arsenic exposure during pregnancy has been consistently associated with gestational diabetes mellitus, we found no clear evidence for an adverse effect on postpartum insulin resistance or beta cell function.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Werchan ◽  
Cassandra Hendrix ◽  
Amy May Hume ◽  
Moriah E Thomason ◽  
Natalie Hiromi Brito

Here we evaluate longitudinal neurodevelopmental trajectories across the first postnatal year in infants of mothers impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic during pregnancy. Ninety-three pregnant mothers were recruited beginning at the first peak of the pandemic in New York City, and were oversampled for SARS-CoV-2 exposure during pregnancy (n = 36 COVID-19 exposed mothers). At 6 months postpartum, infant attentional processing was measured remotely using an online webcam-linked eye tracker developed for infant remote research in the home environment. At 12 months, infant socioemotional development was evaluated through maternal-report using validated surveys. Results indicated that interactions between maternal depressive symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 exposure during pregnancy were linked with individual differences in infants’ attentional processing at 6 months of age. Specifically, in mothers reporting positive exposure to SARS-CoV-2, higher prenatal depressive symptoms were associated with attentional patterns characterized by increased orienting to salient stimuli, longer looking times, and lower levels of maternal-reported measures of attentional control. In turn, these attentional patterns subsequently predicted socioemotional competence at 12 months, over and beyond individual contributions of prenatal depression, SARS-CoV-2 exposure, or relevant infant or family characteristics. These findings provide preliminary evidence of phenotypic adaptations in attentional processing by infants of mothers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and highlight infant attentional processing as a relevant early behavioral predictor of longitudinal developmental trajectories.


2022 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. S290-S291
Author(s):  
Ayala Hirsch ◽  
Natali Ternovsky ◽  
Reut Rotem ◽  
bruria Hirsh Raccah

Life Sciences ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 120303
Author(s):  
Simone Forcato ◽  
Ana Beatriz de Oliveira Aquino ◽  
Nathaly de Moura Camparoto ◽  
Hannah Hamada Mendonça Lens ◽  
Flávia Alessandra Guarnier ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. e2141321
Author(s):  
Jui-Chun Chang ◽  
Yen-Ju Chen ◽  
I-Chieh Chen ◽  
Wei-Szu Lin ◽  
Yi-Ming Chen ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Funk ◽  
Nathan Montgomery ◽  
Yeunook Bae ◽  
Jiexi Chen ◽  
Ting Chow ◽  
...  

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, biomarkers associated with air pollution exposure are widely lacking and often transient. In addition, ascertaining biospecimens during pregnacy to assess the prenatal environment remains largely infeasible.Objectives: To address these challenges, we investigated relationships between air pollution exposure during pregnancy and human serum albumin Cys34 (HSA-Cys34) adducts in newborn dried blood spots (DBS) samples, which captures an integration of perinatal exposures to small reactive molecules in circulating blood.Methods: Newborn DBS were obtained from a state archive for a cohort of 120 children born at one Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) hospitals in 2007. These children were selected to maximize the range of residential air pollution exposure during the entire pregnancy to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, O3, based on monthly estimates interpolated from regulatory monitoring sites. HSA-Cys34 adducts were selected based on previously reported relationships with air pollution exposure and oxidative stress.Results: Six adducts measured in newborn DBS samples were associated with air pollution exposures during pregnancy; these included direct oxidation products, adducts formed with small thiol compounds, and adducts formed with reactive aldehydes. Two general trends were identified: Exposure to air pollution late in pregnancy (i.e., in the last 30 days) was associated with increased oxidative stress, and exposure to air pollution earlier in pregnancy (i.e., not in the last 30 days) was associated with decreased oxidative stress around the time of birth.Discussion: Air pollution exposure occurring during pregnancy can alter biology and leave measurable impacts on the developing infant captured in the newborn DBS adductome, which represents a promising tool for investigating adverse birth outcomes in population-based studies.


Author(s):  
Samantha L. Baglot ◽  
Jonathan W. VanRyzin ◽  
Ashley E. Marquardt ◽  
Robert J. Aukema ◽  
Gavin N. Petrie ◽  
...  

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Houria E. L. Ouazzani ◽  
Steeve Rouillon ◽  
Nicolas Venisse ◽  
Lynda Sifer-Rivière ◽  
Antoine Dupuis ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The suspected or actual effects on health of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) and their ubiquitous presence in everyday life justify the implementation of health promotion interventions. These interventions should ideally be applied during critical windows like pregnancy. Perinatal environmental health education interventions may help to reduce EDC exposure during pregnancy. Methods/design PREVED (Pregnancy, PreVention, Endocrine Disruptors) is an open-label randomized controlled trial assessing the impact of environmental health education intervention on EDC exposure during pregnancy. Inclusion, consent, and randomization take place during the first trimester. The participants are randomly allocated into three groups: (i) control group (information leaflet on EDCs), (ii) intervention group in neutral location (information leaflet and workshops in a meeting room), and (iii) intervention group in contextualized location (information leaflet and workshops in a real apartment). Workshops are organized between the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Main outcome is the percentage of participants who reported consuming manufactured/industrial food. Secondary outcomes are as follows: (i) psycho-social dimensions, (ii) EDC concentrations in urine, (iii) EDC concentration in colostrum, and (iv) percentage of participants who reported consuming paraben-free personal care products. Discussion PREVED is a ground-breaking intervention research project dedicated to perinatal environmental health education that aims to identify pollutant sources in daily life and to offer accessible and realistic alternative solutions, by promoting the sharing of know-how and experience in a positive and non-alarmist approach. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03233984 (current status: ongoing). Retrospectively registered on 31 July 2017 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03233984) because when the first participant was enrolled in this non-drug intervention, ClinicalTrials.gov was centered in therapeutic trials. The World Health Organization Trial Registration Data Set is in Additional file 1.


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