Effect of biofabricated gold nanoparticle-based antibiotic conjugates on minimum inhibitory concentration of bacterial isolates of clinical origin

The research was undertaken to investigate the comparative phytochemical and in-vitro antibacterial activity of the single and combined strengths of the leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum Linn and Gongronema latifolium Benth. on some enteric bacterial isolates. The sensitivity test and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were carried out using a modified agar-well diffusion method. The enteric bacterial isolates tested included Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella Typhi and Enterobacter aerogenes. Standard methods were applied to obtain the ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts. The ethanol extracts of O. gratissimum and G. latifolium produced highly significant inhibitory activity against all the enteric bacterial isolates tested. Comparatively, the ethanol plant extracts were more potent than the commercially available drug, Ciprofloxacin and the aqueous plant extracts. The isolates were sensitive at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.25 mg/ml for the ethanol extract but varied from 2.5 mg/ml - 5.0mg/ml in the aqueous extract. It was also observed that the synergistic antibacterial effect of the medicinal plant extracts was greater than the singular antibacterial effect of the individual plant extracts in both the ethanol and aqueous extracts. The potency of the individual extracts and the combined effect may be due to the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins and saponins in the leaves of the plants. This study partly validates the use of the plant extracts in the treatment of disease caused by the enteric bacterial isolates by multiple traditional medicine practitioners in Nigeria, however, strict adherence to dosage is recommended. The leaf extract is a potential source of the new drug if the components are purified and enhanced for treating infections caused by these enteric pathogens.

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Current Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Halquinol against Local Pathogenic Bacterial Isolates of Poultry

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2020.908.085 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 799-802

Author(s):

B. H. Pavithra ◽

N. Prakash ◽

G. Leena ◽

C. R. Santhosh

Keyword(s):

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Current Minimum

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Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) on some selected bacterial isolates

10.53771/ijbpra.2021.1.1.0013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 006-013

Author(s):

IA Karfi ◽

UU Zango ◽

T Olatinwo ◽

M Suleiman

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Vernonia Amygdalina ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

No Inhibition

Plants with medicinal value produce certain chemical elements known as phytochemicals that have antibacterial activity. The study was aimed at determining the antibacterial activity of Vernonia amygdalina against bacterial isolates using agar well diffusion method. In addition, the phytochemicals analysis of the extracts was also determined. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of saponins, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The result of Vernonia amygdalina showed that the average zones of inhibitions observed against these bacterial ranges from 6-22mm. The highest zone is also exhibited against E. coli with average diameter of zone of inhibition of 22mm. At 100mg/ml concentration for Samonella, the zone of inhibition was recorded to be 21mm while at 12.5mg/ml there was no inhibition. At 25mg/ml and 12.5mg/ml, against Pseudomonas there was no inhibition. In other to further confirm the activity of these plant extracts, the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration was determined and the result showed that the extract exerted good antibacterial activity on all the test organisms at different concentration. The result of minimum inhibitory concentration ranges from 10 to 12.5mg/ml and that of MBC ranges from 5 to 20mg/ml. It is worthy to note that MBC values is greater than that of minimum inhibitory concentration. The study provides insight into the antibacterial activities of the plant extracts and its use in the treatment of bacterial infections.

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Polyacrylic Bone Cement Containing Erythromycin and Colistin I. In vitro Bacteriological Activity and Diffusion Properties of Erythromycin, Colistin and Erythromycin/Colistin Combination

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/030006057600400503 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 296-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A L Rosenthal ◽

J M Rovell ◽

A E Girard

Keyword(s):

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Bone Cement ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Clinical Investigation ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

And Diffusion ◽

Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽

Diffusion Properties

Erythromycin and colistin demonstrate a non-antagonistic ability to inhibit the growth of a wide variety of aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates. When incorporated in Surgical Simplex® P Radiopaque Bone Cement*, fabricated cement pellets were effective in inhibiting 98% of all anaerobic and aerobic test isolates. Separate experiments indicate that each antibiotic can diffuse from polymerized cement, and that the concentration of each antibiotic is consistently above the minimum inhibitory concentration of 96% of the isolates. We conclude that erythromycin/colistin Surgical Simplex® P Radiopaque Bone Cement is a worthy candidate for clinical investigation.

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Genetic diversity of Acinetobacter spp. adapted to heavy metal polluted environments

Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica ◽

10.1515/nbec-2017-0006 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 42-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nikola Š Šipošová ◽

Veronika Liptáková ◽

Simona Kvasnová ◽

Petra Kosorínová ◽

Peter Pristaš

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Drainage Water ◽

The Other ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Acinetobacter Spp ◽

Prevalent Species

AbstractMultiple metallotolerant bacterial strains were isolated from soil and drainage water samples collected from three industrially heavy metals polluted areas in Slovakia. Obtained bacterial isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and bacterial isolates that belonged to the Acinetobacter genus were subjected for the further study. A. calcoaceticus was found to be prevalent species among analyzed Acinetobacter spp. strains, followed by A. lwoffii and A. johnsonii. A. calcoaceticus strains exhibited higher minimum inhibitory concentration to Mn, Zn, and Cu cations compared to A. lwoffii and A. johnsonii. On the other hand minimum inhibitory concentration to Co and Ni were identical in all Acinetobacter spp. isolates. Genetic analyses demonstrated multiple plasmids presence in A. lwoffii and A. johnsonii but not in A. calcoaceticus. Using ERIC-PCR the presence of two different genotypes of A. calcoaceticus was detected in heavy metal polluted environments in Slovakia.

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