scholarly journals Life Expectancy Among U.S.-born and Foreign-born Older Adults in the United States: Estimates From Linked Social Security and Medicare Data

Demography ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1109-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil K. Mehta ◽  
Irma T. Elo ◽  
Michal Engelman ◽  
Diane S. Lauderdale ◽  
Bert M. Kestenbaum
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Social Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Medicare Data

scholarly journals Survival Differences among Native-Born and Foreign-Born Older Adults in the United States

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e37177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Dupre ◽  
Danan Gu ◽  
James W. Vaupel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Survival Differences

scholarly journals Nativity and Country of Origin Variations in Life Expectancy With Functional Limitations Among Older Hispanics in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Garcia ◽  
Adriana M. Reyes ◽  
Catherine García ◽  
Chi-Tsun Chiu ◽  
Grecia Macias
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
National Health Interview Survey ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This study examined racial/ethnic, nativity, and country of origin differences in life expectancy with and without functional limitations among older adults in the United States. We used data from the National Health Interview Survey (1999–2015) to estimate Sullivan-based life tables of life expectancies with functional limitations and without functional limitations by sex for U.S.-born Mexicans, foreign-born Mexicans, U.S.-born Puerto Ricans, island-born Puerto Ricans, foreign-born Cubans, and U.S.-born Whites. We find that Latinos exhibit heterogeneous life expectancies with functional limitations. Among females, U.S.-born Mexicans, foreign-born Mexicans, and foreign-born Cubans spend significantly fewer years without functional limitations, whereas island-born Puerto Ricans spend more years with functional limitations. For men, U.S.-born Puerto Ricans were the only Latino subgroup disadvantaged in the number of years lived with functional limitations. Conversely, foreign-born Cubans spend significantly fewer years without functional limitations. To address disparities in functional limitations, we must consider variation in health among Latino subgroups.

scholarly journals Age of Migration Differentials in Life Expectancy With Cognitive Impairment: 20-Year Findings From the Hispanic-EPESE

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 894-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A Garcia ◽  
Joseph L Saenz ◽  
Brian Downer ◽  
Chi-Tsun Chiu ◽  
Sunshine Rote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Late Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Total Life Expectancy ◽  
Mexican Adults

Abstract Background and Objectives To examine differences in life expectancy with cognitive impairment among older Mexican adults according to nativity (U.S.-born/foreign-born) and among immigrants, age of migration to the United States. Research Design and Methods This study employs 20 years of data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly to estimate the proportion of life spent cognitively healthy and cognitively impaired prior to death among older Mexican adults residing in the southwestern United States. We combine age-specific mortality rates with age-specific prevalence of cognitive impairment, defined as a Mini-Mental Status Exam score of less than 21 points to calculate Sullivan-based life table models with and without cognitive impairment in later life. Results Foreign-born Mexican immigrants have longer total life expectancy and comparable cognitive healthy life expectancy regardless of gender compared to U.S.-born Mexican-Americans. However, the foreign-born spend a greater number of years after age 65 with cognitive impairment relative to their U.S.-born counterparts. Furthermore, we document an advantage in life expectancy with cognitive impairment and proportion of years after age 65 cognitively healthy among mid-life immigrant men and women relative to early- and late-life migrants. Discussion and Implications The relationship between nativity, age of migration, and life expectancy with cognitive impairment means that the foreign-born are in more need of support and time-intensive care in late life. This issue merits special attention to develop appropriate and targeted screening efforts that reduce cognitive decline for diverse subgroups of older Mexican-origin adults as they age.

scholarly journals Cohort Trends in Working Life Expectancies at Age 50 in the United States: A Register-Based Study Using Social Security Administration Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1504-1514
Author(s):  
Christian Dudel ◽  
Mikko Myrskylä
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Working Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Social Security Administration ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Employment Trajectories ◽  
Crucial Information

Abstract Objectives Little is known about the length of working life, even though it is a key indicator for policy-makers. In this paper, we study how the length of working life at age 50 has developed in the United States from a cohort perspective. Methods We use a large longitudinal sample of U.S. Social Security register data that covers close to 1.7 million individuals of the cohorts born from 1920 to 1965. For all of these cohorts, we study the employment trajectories and working life expectancy (WLE) at age 50 by gender and nativity (native-born/foreign-born). For the cohorts with employment trajectories that are only incompletely observed, we borrow information from older cohorts to predict their WLE. Results The length of working life has been increasing for the native-born males and females, and the younger cohorts worked longer than the older cohorts. However, WLE might soon peak, and then stall. The gap in WLE between the native-born and the foreign-born has increased over time, although latter group might be able to catch up in the coming years. Discussion Our findings show that studying employment from a cohort perspective reveals crucial information about patterns of working life. The future development of the length of working life should be a major concern for policy-makers.

scholarly journals Identifying Rates of Emigration in the United States Using Administrative Earnings Records

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Schwabish
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The Usa

This paper undertakes a new strategy to estimate emigration rates among US immigrants by inferring the probability of emigration using longitudinal administrative earnings data. Two groups of emigrants are evaluated separately: those who emigrate from the United States and those who leave both the United States and the Social Security system. About 1.0 to 1.5 percent of the foreign-born population emigrate from the USA every year, and between about 0.8 and 1.2 percent of foreign-born workers emigrate from the Social Security system. Regression analysis suggests that immigrants with lower earnings are more likely to emigrate and that the likelihood of emigrating from the United States increases with age, but is unchanged for those leaving the US Social Security system.

The Association of Acculturation with Overt and Covert Perceived Discrimination for Older Asian Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Keith Chan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Health Related ◽  
English Speaking

Abstract Asian older adults are a fast-growing population in the United States. Because Asian older adults are a largely immigrant population, acculturation has an impact on their perceived discrimination, which is negatively associated with health and mental health. Discrimination can be overt, characterized by distrust and direct messages that are hostile and exclusionary, or covert, characterized by unfair treatment and messages that are negative and degrading. This study investigates the association of acculturation with perceived overt and covert discrimination, measured by the Everyday Discrimination Scale, with a sample of 348 foreign-born older Asian Americans from the National Latino and Asian American Study. Acculturation was measured by English-speaking ability, immigration-related variables, and ethnic identity. Results indicated that perceived covert discrimination was more prevalent than overt discrimination among older Asians. Among acculturation variables, only citizenship was associated with higher perceived covert and overt discrimination. Identifying with the same race was associated with higher covert discrimination. Findings suggest that higher acculturation is associated with greater exposure to discrimination for Asian older adults. Efforts to increase access and utilization of social and health-related services should consider the context of older Asians’ experiences as a discriminated immigrant group in the United States.

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