scholarly journals Number and height of unbrowsed saplings are more appropriate than the proportion of browsed saplings for predicting silvicultural regeneration success

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hagen ◽  
Norbert Kühl ◽  
Marc Hanewinkel ◽  
Rudi Suchant
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Indicator Variable ◽  
Standard Measurement ◽  
Forest Development ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Successful Establishment

Abstract • Key message The browsing level of oak (Quercus petraea and Quercus robur) and fir (Abies alba) provided only a rough estimate of the expected regeneration success. Thus, it cannot be recommended as a standard measurement to predict forest development, unless the number of saplings and the height of those saplings are considered. • Context Browsing by large herbivores may affect regeneration success and forest development, with an impact that lasts for decades. • Aims Whether the browsing level of a tree species can be used in forestry as a standard measure to assess whether the target values (for instance regeneration success) of highly selected tree species, such as oak (Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl., Quercus robur (L.)) and fir (Abies alba (Mill.)), will be reached is unclear and need specification. • Methods In this study, 985 sampling plots (10 m2) in Southern Germany (Baden-Württemberg) containing browsed and unbrowsed oak and fir-saplings were analysed. Both the browsing level and a measure of the expected regeneration success that considered not only the sapling density but also different height classes (≤ 20 cm; 21–50 cm; 51–130 cm) were calculated. • Results The use of the browsing level as a proxy for the expected regeneration success was statistically only partly justified. For fir the relationship between browsing level and expected regeneration success became even weaker for a new indicator variable which considers two height classes rather than one class for saplings exceeding 50 cm (51–80 cm and 81–130 cm). • Conclusion According to these results, the browsing level cannot be recommended as a standard measurement and/or predictor of damage, unless the number of saplings and the height of those saplings are considered. Thus, in efforts to mitigate conflicts between foresters and hunters, a measurement is needed that addresses the successful establishment of a sufficient number of trees despite browsing, rather than the browsing of trees alone.

scholarly journals Characteristics of 3rd (Querci-fageta s. lat.) and 4th (Fageta (abietis) s. lat.) vegetation tiers of north-eastern Moravia and Silesia (Czech Republic)

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 439-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Holuša ◽  
J. Holuša ◽  
Sr
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Tree Representation ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
North Eastern

Detailed characteristics (tree species composition, tree representation, identification features) are presented by 3<sup>rd</sup> (i.e. geobiocenoses of <I>Querci-fageta</I> s. lat.) and 4<sup>th</sup> (<I>Fageta (abietis</I>) s. lat.) vegetation tiers in north-eastern Moravia and Silesia. 3<sup>rd</sup> VT occupies 45.6% of the study area – from 190 m a.s.l. up to 430 m a.s.l. <I>Fagus sylvatica</I> is a dominant tree (with the height of 35–40 m). <I>Quercus robur</I> and <I>Quercus petraea</I> have their ecological optimums there with the representation of up to 30%. <I>Abies alba</I> occurs in the crown level with the representation of up to 10%. 4<sup>th</sup> occupies 35.2% of the study area – from 310 m a.s.l. up to 650 m a.s.l. <I>Fagus sylvatica</I> is dominant (the height over 50 m). <I>Abies alba</I> occurs in the co-dominant level (sporadically in the level exceeding the main level) with the representation of ±20% and the height of up to 50 m. <I>Quercus petraea</I> and <I>Quercus robur</I> occur only as an interspersed species with the representation of up to 10%, they do not reach the co-dominant tree level any more. <I>Carpinus betulus</I> is represented regularly only in the overtopped tree level.

scholarly journals Development of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L) on the foliage of Quercus cerris L., Q. Petraea (matt) Liebl. and Q. Robur L. in the controlled conditions

2007 ◽  
pp. 55-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodan Milanovic
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Quercus Cerris

The development of Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L) was monitored in laboratory conditions, on the foliage of the species Quercus cerris L. Quercus petraea (Matt) Liebl. and Quercus robur L. The experiment was established in the controlled environmental conditions, at the temperature of 25?C, photoperiod 14:10 (day: night) and relative humidity 70%. The objective of the research was to determine the suitability of the study host plant species for gypsy moth development. The study results show that Gypsy moth caterpillars cultivated on Q. petraea foliage had a lower survival, higher number of moultings, longer preadult development and lower fecundity, which makes this species less suitable compared to the other two. Gypsy moth caterpillars cultivated on Q. cerris foliage had the highest survival degree the lowest number of moultings, the shortest preadult development and the highest fecundity, which makes this species the most favourable for gypsy moth development. Q. robur was between the former two species in this respect.

scholarly journals Oak Species Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea Liebl. Identification Based on UHPLC-HRMS/MS Molecular Networks

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 684
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Buche ◽  
Cyril Colas ◽  
Laëtitia Fougère ◽  
Emilie Destandau
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Molecular Network ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Venn Diagram ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Pure Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fragmentation Patterns ◽  
The Individual

Two species of oak are dominant in French forests: pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and sessile oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.). Their differentiation is not straightforward but is essential to better understand their respective molecular content in order to better valorize them. Thus, to improve oak species identification, an untargeted UHPLC-HRMS/MS method associated with a two-step data treatment was developed to analyze a wide range of specialized metabolites enabling the comparison of both species of oak extracts. Pooled extracts from sessile and pedunculate oaks, composed of extracts from several trees of pure species from various origins, were compared using first the Venn diagram, as a quick way to get an initial idea of how close the extracts are, and then using a molecular network to visualize, on the one hand, the ions shared between the two species and, on the other hand, the compounds specific to one species. The molecular network showed that the two species shared common clusters mainly representative of tannins derivatives and that each species has specific molecules with similar fragmentation patterns, associated in specific clusters. This methodology was then applied to compare these two pooled extracts to unknown individuals in order to determine the species. The Venn diagram allowed for the quick presumption of the species of the individual and then the species could be assigned more precisely with the molecular network, at the level of specific clusters. This method, developed for the first time, has several interests. First, it makes it possible to discriminate the species and to correctly assign the species of unknown samples. Moreover, it gave an overview of the metabolite composition of each sample to better target oak tree utilization and valorization.

scholarly journals Detection of genomic regions differentiating two closely related oak species Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. and Quercus robur L.

Heredity ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bodénès ◽  
S Joandet ◽  
F Laigret ◽  
A Kremer
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Genomic Regions

scholarly journals Development of new SNPs loci on Quercus robur and Quercus petraea for genetic studies covering the whole species’ distribution range

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celine Blanc-Jolivet ◽  
Svetlana Bakhtina ◽  
Ruslan Yanbaev ◽  
Yulai Yanbaev ◽  
Malte Mader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Genetic Studies

The growth and form of ash (Fraxinus excelsior) in mixture with cherry (Prunus avium), oak (Quercus petraea and Quercus robur), and beech (Fagus sylvatica)

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2340-2350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
Stem Form ◽  
Pure Species ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L

The effects of mixing ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) with cherry (Prunus avium L.), oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Lieb., and Quercus robur L.), and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) were investigated using a balanced two-component competition experiment. In general, two patterns of growth were observed. Firstly, in the ash–cherry experiment, two rapidly growing species altered their stem form and showed a plastic response to interspecific competition, and both species maintained a position in the upper canopy. Secondly, in the ash–oak and ash–beech experiments, a two-tier canopy formed with ash in the upper canopy, and interspecific competition resulted in an early nursing effect on the ash. In both patterns of growth, competition affected stem diameter and the shape of the tree with few, and only short-lived, effects on height. The maximum relative yield totals were 1.78 for ash–cherry, 1.77 for ash–oak, and 1.44 for ash–beech, indicating that the mixtures studied may be more productive in their early phase of growth than equivalent areas of pure species.

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