UV and solar photocatalytic disinfection of municipal wastewater: inactivation, reactivation and regrowth of bacterial pathogens

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 3687-3696 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Mecha ◽  
M. S. Onyango ◽  
A. Ochieng ◽  
M. N. B. Momba
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Photocatalytic Disinfection

scholarly journals Comparative detection and enumeration strengths of quantitative real-time PCR & FISH for waterborne bacterial pathogens in municipal wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merriam Haffar
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Hybridization Probes ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Pure Cultures

This study comparatively evaluates the detection and enumeration strengths of Real-Time PCR (RT PCR) and FISH, for selected bacterial pathogens in municipal wastewater. Both assays were performed using three primer and probe sets complementary to the same chromosomal virulence gene sequences. Primer & probe specificity was confirmed with DNA & fixed cells from pure bacterial cultures as well as seeded wastewater samples. Detection limits calculated for the RT PCR assay were 25 to 3030 tir gene copies for Escherichia coli O157:H7 and 3 x 10⁴ to 293 x10⁷ invA gene copies for Salmonella enterica, using pure cultures and seeded wasewater samples, respectively. In spite of the confirmed specificity of the DNA hybridization probes with target nucleic acids, fluorescent signals from hybridized whole target cells were below the detection limit of the FISH assay, and consequently were not quantified. This research demonstrates both the utility of RT PCR in detecting bacterial pathogens and the need for further optimization with DNA-targeted FISH, using environmental samples.

Molecular Analysis for Screening Human Bacterial Pathogens in Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (19) ◽  
pp. 11610-11619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajkumari Kumaraswamy ◽  
Yamrot M. Amha ◽  
Muhammad Z. Anwar ◽  
Andreas Henschel ◽  
Jorge Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment

scholarly journals Comparative detection and enumeration strengths of quantitative real-time PCR & FISH for waterborne bacterial pathogens in municipal wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merriam Haffar
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Hybridization Probes ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Pure Cultures

This study comparatively evaluates the detection and enumeration strengths of Real-Time PCR (RT PCR) and FISH, for selected bacterial pathogens in municipal wastewater. Both assays were performed using three primer and probe sets complementary to the same chromosomal virulence gene sequences. Primer & probe specificity was confirmed with DNA & fixed cells from pure bacterial cultures as well as seeded wastewater samples. Detection limits calculated for the RT PCR assay were 25 to 3030 tir gene copies for Escherichia coli O157:H7 and 3 x 10⁴ to 293 x10⁷ invA gene copies for Salmonella enterica, using pure cultures and seeded wasewater samples, respectively. In spite of the confirmed specificity of the DNA hybridization probes with target nucleic acids, fluorescent signals from hybridized whole target cells were below the detection limit of the FISH assay, and consequently were not quantified. This research demonstrates both the utility of RT PCR in detecting bacterial pathogens and the need for further optimization with DNA-targeted FISH, using environmental samples.

scholarly journals TiO2 Application for the Photocatalytical Inactivation of S. enterica, E. coli and M. luteus Bacteria Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-429
Author(s):  
Neringa Kuliesiene ◽  
Sandra Sakalauskaite ◽  
Simona Tuckute ◽  
Marius Urbonavicius ◽  
Sarunas Varnagiris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Photocatalytic Disinfection ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWater contamination by various bacteria, viruses and other pathogens is a great threat to human health. Amongst other Advanced Oxidation Processes TiO2 photocatalysis is considered as one of the most efficient treatment for the polluted wastewater disinfection. Usually, the wastewater produced by higher risk objects, such as hospitals, implicates diverse contaminants, but efficiency of most of the Advanced Oxidation Processes is tested by using only single pathogens and information on inactivation of bacteria mixtures is still limited. In this study, photocatalytical inactivation of three commonly found bacterial pathogens (gram-positive (Micrococcus luteus) and gram-negative (Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli)) was investigated. Efficiency of traditional photocatalytic disinfection process using single bacterial pathogens was compared to the one observed for their mixtures. The impact of photocatalytical process parameters and treatment time on bacteria disinfection efficiency was studied. Photocatalytic disinfection efficiency testing with bacteria mixtures revealed, that in the presence of TiO2 photocatalyst and UV irradiation tested gram-positive cells were inactivated slower than gram-negative cells. Another important finding was that an overall photocatalytic disinfection efficiency of bacteria mixtures is not a straight forward sum of inactivation rates of individually tested pathogens but has a strong relationship to the properties of their competitive growth.

The Diagnosis of Viral Disease by Electron Microscopy

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 270-273
Author(s):  
William B. McCombs ◽  
Cameron E. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Academic Interest ◽  
The Past

Recent years have brought a reversal in the attitude of the medical profession toward the diagnosis of viral infections. Identification of bacterial pathogens was formerly thought to be faster than identification of viral pathogens. Viral identification was dismissed as being of academic interest or for confirming the presence of an epidemic, because the patient would recover or die before this could be accomplished. In the past 10 years, the goal of virologists has been to present the clinician with a viral identification in a matter of hours. This fast diagnosis has the potential for shortening the patient's hospital stay and preventing the administering of toxic and/or expensive antibiotics of no benefit to the patient.

A novel bioassay to identify anti-virulence leads against gram-positive bacterial pathogens

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Todd ◽  
DB Zich ◽  
AR Horswill ◽  
NB Cech
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Gram Positive
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