scholarly journals The Effect of Nordic Hamstring Exercise Intervention Volume on Eccentric Strength and Muscle Architecture Adaptations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Cuthbert ◽  
Nicholas Ripley ◽  
John J. McMahon ◽  
Martin Evans ◽  
G. Gregory Haff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Muscle Architecture ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
Professional Soccer

Abstract Background Although performance of the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) has been shown to elicit adaptations that may reduce hamstring strain injury (HSI) risk and occurrence, compliance in NHE interventions in professional soccer teams is low despite a high occurrence of HSI in soccer. A possible reason for low compliance is the high dosages prescribed within the recommended interventions. The aim of this review was to investigate the effect of NHE-training volume on eccentric hamstring strength and biceps femoris fascicle length adaptations. Methods A literature search was conducted using the SPORTDiscus, Ovid, and PubMed databases. A total of 293 studies were identified prior to application of the following inclusion criteria: (1) a minimum of 4 weeks of NHE training was completed; (2) mean ± standard deviation (SD) pre- and post-intervention were provided for the measured variables to allow for secondary analysis; and (3) biceps femoris muscle architecture was measured, which resulted in 13 studies identified for further analysis. The TESTEX criteria were used to assess the quality of studies with risk of bias assessment assessed using a fail-safe N (Rosenthal method). Consistency of studies was analysed using I2 as a test of heterogeneity and secondary analysis of studies included Hedges’ g effect sizes for strength and muscle architecture variables to provide comparison within studies, between-study differences were estimated using a random-effects model. Results A range of scores (3–11 out of 15) from the TESTEX criteria were reported, showing variation in study quality. A ‘low risk of bias’ was observed in the randomized controlled trials included, with no study bias shown for both strength or architecture (N = 250 and 663, respectively; p < 0.001). Study consistency was moderate to high for strength (I2 = 62.49%) and muscle architecture (I2 = 88.03%). Within-study differences showed that following interventions of ≥ 6 weeks, very large positive effect sizes were seen in eccentric strength following both high volume (g = 2.12) and low volume (g = 2.28) NHE interventions. Similar results were reported for changes in fascicle length (g ≥ 2.58) and a large-to-very large positive reduction in pennation angle (g ≥ 1.31). Between-study differences were estimated to be at a magnitude of 0.374 (p = 0.009) for strength and 0.793 (p < 0.001) for architecture. Conclusions Reducing NHE volume prescription does not negatively affect adaptations in eccentric strength and muscle architecture when compared with high dose interventions. These findings suggest that lower volumes of NHE may be more appropriate for athletes, with an aim to increase intervention compliance, potentially reducing the risk of HSI.

BICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE ARCHITECTURE – THE INFLUENCE OF PREVIOUS INJURY

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 665.3-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Timmins ◽  
K Porter ◽  
M Williams ◽  
A Shield ◽  
D Opar
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Muscle Architecture ◽  
Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
Previous Injury ◽  
Femoris Muscle

Effect of an Eight-Week Ballroom Dancing Program on Muscle Architecture in Older Adult Females

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina C.P. Cepeda ◽  
Angélica Lodovico ◽  
Neil Fowler ◽  
André L.F. Rodacki
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Pennation Angle ◽  
Muscle Architecture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Ballroom Dancing ◽  
Dance Training

Aging is related to a progressive remodeling of the neuromuscular system, which includes muscle mass, strength, and power reductions. This study investigated the effect of an eight-week dance program on fascicle pennation angle, fascicle length, and thickness of the vastus lateralis (VL), tibialis anterior (TA), biceps femoris (BF), and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscles using ultrasound images. Thirty-four healthy older women were randomly assigned to either a dancing (DG: n = 19, 69.1 ± 6.5 years, 72.5 ± 11.7 kg) or control group (CG: n = 15, 71.5 ± 7.4 years, 70.9 ± 9.3 kg). After training, the DG showed greater (p < .05) thickness for VL (16%), TA (17%), BF (19%), and GM (15%); pennation angle for VL (21%), TA (23%), BF (21%), and GM (17%); and fascicle length for VL (11%), TA (12%), BF (10%), and GM (10%). These findings suggest that dance training was effective to change the lower limb muscle architecture in older female adults.

In vivo Measurement of Fascicle Length and Pennation Angle of the Human Biceps femoris Muscle

2001 ◽  
Vol 169 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary S. Chleboun ◽  
Antoinette R. France ◽  
Matthew T. Crill ◽  
Holly K. Braddock ◽  
John N. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Pennation Angle ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Femoris Muscle

scholarly journals The Effects of Eccentric Training on Biceps Femoris Architecture and Strength: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémy Gérard ◽  
Léo Gojon ◽  
Philippe Decleve ◽  
Joachim Van Cant
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Pennation Angle ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Long Head ◽  
Femoris Muscle

Objective To determine the effects of an eccentric hamstrings strength-training program, performed for at least 4 weeks by healthy adults, on muscle architecture and eccentric strength. Data Sources A systematic search was performed up to October 2018 in the following electronic databases: PubMed, PEDro, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus. Combinations of the following search terms were used: eccentric strength training, eccentric loading, nordic hamstring, hamstring strength, fascicle length, pennation angle, muscle thickness, muscle architecture, biceps femoris long head, biceps femoris, and hamstring muscles. Study Selection Included articles were randomized controlled trials that allowed comparisons between isolated eccentric strength training of the biceps femoris muscle and other programs. Data Extraction Data from the included studies were extracted by 2 independent reviewers. These data included the study design, participant characteristics, inclusion and exclusion criteria of clinical studies, exercise and intervention characteristics, outcome measures, and the main results of the study. When meta-analysis was possible, we performed quantitative analysis. Ten randomized controlled trials were included. Data Synthesis Limited to moderate evidence indicated that eccentric strength training was associated with an increase in fascicle length (mean difference [MD] = 1.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.48, 2.46), an increase in muscle thickness (MD = 0.10; 95% CI = 0.06, 0.13), and a decrease in pennation angle (MD = 2.36; 95% CI = 1.61, 3.11). Conflicted to moderate evidence indicated that eccentric hamstrings strength was increased after eccentric strength training compared with concentric strength training (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.26, 1.86), usual level of activity (SMD = 2.72; 95% CI = 1.68, 3.77), and static stretching (SMD = 0.39; 95% CI = −0.97, 1.75). Conclusions In healthy adults, an eccentric strength-training program produced architectural adaptations on the long head of the biceps femoris muscle and increased eccentric hamstrings strength.

scholarly journals Effects of a Dosed Exercise Intervention in Craving and Anhedonia: A Secondary Analysis from the STRIDE-CTN 0037 Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Villalobos-Gallegos ◽  
Aldebarán Toledo-Fernández ◽  
Alexandra Valadez Jiménez ◽  
Diana Mejía Cruz ◽  
Laurent Ávila-Chauvet
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Time ◽  
Positive Direct

This is a secondary analysis from the project “CTN-0037-Stimulant Reduction Intervention Using Dosed Exercise (STRIDE)”. We aimed to test the effects of a Vigorous Intensity High Dose Exercise Augmentation (VIHD) when compared to a health education intervention (HEI) in stimulant drug-cravings and anhedonia. Three-hundred and two participants were randomized (VIHD = 152, DEI =150). No significant Time x Treatment interaction was found neither for craving nor anhedonia. For craving scores, a positive Time and negative Age effects were found. The results suggest that craving increases over time, and that younger individuals had higher craving scores across the trial. In the case of anhedonia scores, Gender had a positive direct effect, and the interaction Time x Gender had a negative effect. . Weighting the current evidence about exercise interventions for substance use, is possible that a particular patient profile and high adherence are required to be successful. Future research should focus on the identification of variables to identify who could benefit from systematic exercise programs.

scholarly journals Insights into the combination of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and motor imagery in a training-based approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Bouguetoch ◽  
Alain Martin ◽  
Sidney Grosprêtre
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Muscle Architecture ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Before And After ◽  
V Wave ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction Training stimuli that partially activate the neuromuscular system, such as motor imagery (MI) or neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), have been previously shown as efficient tools to induce strength gains. Here the efficacy of MI, NMES or NMES + MI trainings has been compared. Methods Thirty-seven participants were enrolled in a training program of ten sessions in 2 weeks targeting plantar flexor muscles, distributed in four groups: MI, NMES, NMES + MI and control. Each group underwent forty contractions in each session, NMES + MI group doing 20 contractions of each modality. Before and after, the neuromuscular function was tested through the recording of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), but also electrophysiological and mechanical responses associated with electrical nerve stimulation. Muscle architecture was assessed by ultrasonography. Results MVC increased by 11.3 ± 3.5% in NMES group, by 13.8 ± 5.6% in MI, while unchanged for NMES + MI and control. During MVC, a significant increase in V-wave without associated changes in superimposed H-reflex has been observed for NMES and MI, suggesting that neural adaptations occurred at supraspinal level. Rest spinal excitability was increased in the MI group while decreased in the NMES group. No change in muscle architecture (pennation angle, fascicle length) has been found in any group but muscular peak twitch and soleus maximal M-wave increased in the NMES group only. Conclusion Finally, MI and NMES seem to be efficient stimuli to improve strength, although both exhibited different and specific neural plasticity. On its side, NMES + MI combination did not provide the expected gains, suggesting that their effects are not simply cumulative, or even are competitive.

CTNI-28. VOLUMETRIC AND DOSIMETRIC PATTERNS OF FAILURE ANALYSIS OF A PHASE II CLINICAL TRIAL OF 18F-DOPA-PET DIRECTED DOSE ESCALATED RADIOTHERAPY FOR GLIOBLASTOMA

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi65-vi65
Author(s):  
William Breen ◽  
S Keith Anderson ◽  
Deanna Pafundi ◽  
Timothy Kaufmann ◽  
Christopher Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Recursive Partitioning ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Phase Ii Clinical Trial ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Patterns Of Failure ◽  
Dose Volumes

Abstract While dose escalation of radiotherapy (DERT) has failed to improve overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) for glioblastoma in previous studies, a recent phase II clinical trial utilizing 18F-DOPA-PET-directed DERT demonstrated improved PFS in MGMT-unmethylated patients and OS in MGMT-methylated patients compared to historical controls. This planned secondary analysis sought to determine 1) how 18F-DOPA-PET changes RT volumes beyond standard MRI-planning, 2) which patients benefit most and least from this protocol, 3) which are mostly likely to experience clinically significant radionecrosis after DERT, and 4) patterns of failure after DERT. For 69 evaluable patients, median MRI-defined, PET-defined, and combined low-dose gross tumor volumes (GTV51) were 54 cc (range 9-248), 23 cc (0.4-179), and 62 cc (10-260), respectively. Median MRI-defined, PET-defined, and combined high-dose GTVs (GTV76) were 32 cc (range 4-136), 6 cc (0.1-138), and 34 cc (4-162), respectively. 18F-DOPA-PET resulted in a median volumetric expansion of 13% (0-243%) and 5% (0-217%) from MRI-defined low-dose and high-dose GTV’s, respectively. Central failures ( &gt;95% of recurrence tumor volume) occurred within the 76 Gy, 60 Gy, and 51 Gy isodose lines in 32 (46%), 60 (87%), and 64 (93%) patients, respectively. Recursive partitioning analysis stratified patients by OS and PFS. Patients with 18F-DOPA-PET-defined GTV76 &gt; 7.8cc, MRI-defined GTV76 &gt; 42.7cc, and MGMT promotor-unmethylated tumors had the shortest OS, while patients with smaller PET and MRI-defined tumors had the longest OS (median 10.4 vs. 64.6 months, p&lt; 0.001). Similarly, PFS was worst in patients with 18F-DOPA-PET-defined GTV76 &gt; 2.17 cc who had biopsy only (median PFS 3.2 months, p&lt; 0.001). Patients with 18F-DOPA-PET-defined GTV51 &gt; 50 cc had the highest risk of grade 3+ radionecrosis (p&lt; 0.001). In conclusion, larger 18F-DOPA-PET and MRI-defined tumor volumes were associated with worse outcomes, and 18F-DOPA-PET-directed DERT appears to reduce risk of central recurrence in high-dose volumes.

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