Erratum to: Role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and Its Pharmacological Inhibitors in Cardiovascular Diseases: Complex and Critical Issues

Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic a multifactorial psychiatric illness that affects mood, cognition, and functioning. BD is associated with several psychiatric conditions as well clinical comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular diseases. The neurobiology of BD is complex and multifactorial and several systems have been implicated. Considering that the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases and that recently evidence has suggested its role in psychiatric disorders, the aim of the present study is to summarize and to discuss recent findings related to the modulation of RAS components in BD. A systematic search of the literature using the electronic databases MEDLINE and LILACS was conducted through March 2019. The search terms were: “Bipolar Disorder”; “Renin Angiotensin System”; “Angiotensin 2”; “Angiotensin receptors”; “Angiotensin 1-7”; “ACE”; “ACE2”; “Mas Receptor”. We included original studies assessing RAS in BD patients. Two hundred twenty-two citations were initially retrieved. Eleven studies were included in our systematic review. In the majority of studies (6 of 8), the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism did not differ between BD patients and controls. BD patients presented higher plasma renin activity in comparison with controls. The studies evaluating the RAS molecules in BD are very scarce and heterogeneous. The literature suggests a potential role of RAS in BD. Further studies are necessary to investigate this relationship.

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The Role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Renal Artery Stenosis, Renovascular Hypertension, and Ischemic Nephropathy: Diagnostic Implications

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.pcad.2009.09.005 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 204-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Adrian Covic ◽

Paul Gusbeth-Tatomir

Keyword(s):

Renal Artery ◽

Renal Artery Stenosis ◽

Renovascular Hypertension ◽

Artery Stenosis ◽

Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽

Renin Angiotensin ◽

Ischemic Nephropathy

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Tactics of antihypertensive therapy during COVID-19 pandemic

Terapevticheskii arkhiv ◽

10.26442/00403660.2021.09.201015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 93 (9) ◽

pp. 1125-1131

Author(s):

Valery I. Podzolkov ◽

Anna Е. Bragina ◽

Yulia N. Rodionova ◽

Galina I. Bragina ◽

Ekaterina E. Bykova

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Arterial Hypertension ◽

Ace Inhibitor ◽

Fixed Combination ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Effective Control ◽

Combination Drug ◽

Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽

Renin Angiotensin

Results of foreign and Russian studies indicate a higher mortality rate of patients with concomitant cardiovascular diseases (CVD) due to the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. It has been proven that arterial hypertension, as one of the significant risk factors for the development of concomitant cardiovascular diseases, is associated with a more severe prognosis of COVID-19. This article presents the results of modern studies and large meta-analyzes of necessity and safety of the use of blockers of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in patients with arterial hypertension and COVID-19. The data of studies show that an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) and a thiazide-like diuretic is a pathogenetically rational combination. It realizes various ways of lowering blood pressure by reducing the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which is achieved by using an ACE inhibitor, and natriuresis due to diuretics. As an example, a highly effective fixed combination of drugs is considered, characterized by good tolerance, which consists of an ACE inhibitor lisinopril and a thiazide-like diuretic indapamide of prolonged action. The authors expressed the opinion that the appointment of the fixed combination drug Diroton Plus (Gedeon Richter) will contribute to effective control of blood pressure and organoprotection in conditions of increased thrombogenic and prooxidative potential, characteristic of COVID-19 both in the acute stage and within the post-COVID Syndrome.

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"Prevention and Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome by COVID-19: Role of Vitamin D on Immunomodulation and Renin-Angiotensin- Aldosterone System Regulation"

Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research ◽

10.26717/bjstr.2021.39.006314 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Mansour Jahangiria

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽

Renin Angiotensin ◽

Prevention And Treatment

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Role of renin–angiotensin aldosterone system on short-term blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension ◽

10.1080/10641963.2017.1416119 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 624-630 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Minako Inoue ◽

Kiyoshi Matsumura ◽

Yoshie Haga ◽

Yasuo Kansui ◽

Kenichi Goto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Variability ◽

Short Term ◽

Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Renin Angiotensin

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Chronic vasodilation increases renal medullary PDE5A and α-ENaC through independent renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system pathways

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00003.2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 305 (10) ◽

pp. R1133-R1140 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Crystal A. West ◽

Stefan Shaw ◽

Jennifer M. Sasser ◽

Andrea Fekete ◽

Tyler Alexander ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Volume ◽

Enzyme Inhibitor ◽

Virgin Female ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Female Rats ◽

Plasma Volume Expansion ◽

Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽

Α Subunit ◽

Renin Angiotensin

We have previously observed that many of the renal and hemodynamic adaptations seen in normal pregnancy can be induced in virgin female rats by chronic systemic vasodilation. Fourteen-day vasodilation with sodium nitrite or nifedipine (NIF) produced plasma volume expansion (PVE), hemodilution, and increased renal medullary phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A) protein. The present study examined the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in this mechanism. Virgin females were treated for 14 days with NIF (10 mg·kg−1·day−1 via diet), NIF with spironolactone [SPR; mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blocker, 200–300 mg·kg−1·day−1 via diet], NIF with losartan [LOS; angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker, 20 mg·kg−1·day−1 via diet], enalapril (ENAL; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, 62.5 mg/l via water), or vehicle (CON). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced 7.4 ± 0.5% with NIF, 6.33 ± 0.5% with NIF + SPR, 13.3 ± 0.9% with NIF + LOS, and 12.0 ± 0.4% with ENAL vs. baseline MAP. Compared with CON (3.6 ± 0.3%), plasma volume factored for body weight was increased by NIF (5.2 ± 0.4%) treatment but not by NIF + SPR (4.3 ± 0.3%), NIF + LOS (3.6 ± 0.1%), or ENAL (4.0 ± 0.3%). NIF increased PDE5A protein abundance in the renal inner medulla, and SPR did not prevent this increase (188 ± 16 and 204 ± 22% of CON, respectively). NIF increased the α-subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (α-ENaC) protein in renal outer (365 ± 44%) and inner (526 ± 83%) medulla, and SPR prevented these changes. There was no change in either PDE5A or α-ENaC abundance vs. CON in rats treated with NIF + LOS or ENAL. These data indicate that the PVE and renal medullary adaptations in response to chronic vasodilation result from RAAS signaling, with increases in PDE5A mediated through AT1 receptor and α-ENaC through the MR.

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