An Innovative Program Using Magic to Provide Early Clinical Experiences for Preclinical Medical Students: Goals, Experiences, and Results of the MagicAid Program

Background Medical students and residents are expected to be able to manage a variety of critical events after training, but many of these individuals have limited clinical experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions. Life-sized mannequins that model critical events can be used to evaluate the skills required to manage and treat acute medical conditions. The purpose of this study was to develop and test simulation exercises and associated scoring methods that could be used to evaluate the acute care skills of final-year medical students and first-year residents. Methods The authors developed and tested 10 simulated acute care situations that clinical faculty at a major medical school expects graduating physicians to be able to recognize and treat at the conclusion of training. Forty medical students and residents participated in the evaluation of the exercises. Four faculty members scored the students/residents. Results The reliability of the simulation scores was moderate and was most strongly influenced by the choice and number of simulated encounters. The validity of the simulation scores was supported through comparisons of students'/residents' performances in relation to their clinical backgrounds and experience. Conclusion Acute care skills can be validly and reliably measured using a simulation technology. However, multiple simulated encounters, covering a broad domain, are needed to effectively and accurately estimate student/resident abilities in acute care settings.

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Voluntary attachments of preclinical medical students to rural practitioners in Queensland

Medical Education ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2923.1980.tb02625.x ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 130-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. A. COLDITZ ◽

J. G. C. MUNRO

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Preclinical Medical Students

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Nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among preclinical medical students: epidemiologic and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant S. aureus clones

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease ◽

10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.12.004 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 22-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Xiao Xue Ma ◽

Dan Dan Sun ◽

Si Wang ◽

Mei Lian Wang ◽

Miao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Medical Students ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Nasal Carriage ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Preclinical Medical Students

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Moral judgement development during medical student clinical training

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02572-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jenny McDonald ◽

Jane Graves ◽

Neeshaan Abrahams ◽

Ryan Thorneycroft ◽

Iman Hegazi

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Moral Development ◽

Clinical Training ◽

Moral Judgement ◽

Clinical Experiences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Moral Decisions ◽

Moral Choices ◽

Cognitive Maturity ◽

Self Authorship

Abstract Background Whereas experience and cognitive maturity drives moral judgement development in most young adults, medical students show slowing, regression, or segmentation in moral development during their clinical years of training. The aim of this study was to explore the moral development of medical students during clinical training. Methods A cross-sectional sample of medical students from three clinical years of training were interviewed in groups or individually at an Australian medical school in 2018. Thematic analysis identified three themes which were then mapped against the stages and dimensions of Self-authorship Theory. Results Thirty five medical students from years 3–5 participated in 11 interviews and 6 focus groups. Students shared the impacts of their clinical experiences as they identified with their seniors and increasingly understood the clinical context. Their accounts revealed themes of early confusion followed by defensiveness characterised by desensitization and justification. As students approached graduation, some were planning how they would make moral choices in their future practice. These themes were mapped to the stages of self-authorship: External Formulas, Crossroads and Self-authorship. Conclusions Medical students recognise, reconcile and understand moral decisions within clinical settings to successfully reach or approach self-authorship. Curriculum and support during clinical training should match and support this progress.

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Human Growth After Birth (2nd Ed.), by David Sinclair, M.A., M.D., D.Sc., F.R.C.S.E. London: Oxford University Press, 1973, 212 pp., $7.95

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.53.6.958b ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 958-959

Author(s):

Stanley M. Garn

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Human Growth ◽

Human Biology ◽

Logical Approach ◽

Oxford University ◽

The Subject ◽

Preclinical Medical Students ◽

Growth And Aging ◽

Oxford University Press

This is a little paperback about growth and aging, extended in scope, and increased in price ($7.50), though the per-page cost (3.75£ per page) is not so horrendous as at first it may seem. For the price it provides an overview of the subject, 66 figures and 8 tipped-in plates, and a logical approach to the subject, with a distinctly British or U.K. flavor. It is intended "for preclinical medical students, but with the needs of paramedical workers and of students and teachers of human biology also in mind."

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Determinants of and differences in learning motivation between first- and second-year preclinical medical students

Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche ◽

10.23736/s0393-3660.17.03653-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 177 (7-8) ◽

Author(s):

Nikolai P. Pace ◽

Amos Tambo ◽

Mohsin H. Roshan ◽

Jean Calleja-Agius

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Learning Motivation ◽

Preclinical Medical Students ◽

Second Year

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Abstract P163: Accuracy to Diagnose Cardiac Arrest and Quickness to Start Chest Compression in Different BLS Algorithms; a Comparative Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.118.suppl_18.s_1480-c ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽

Author(s):

Tomoko Tamura ◽

Koichi Tanigawa ◽

Shinji Kusunoki ◽

Takuma Sadamori ◽

Tadatsugu Otani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Medical Students ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Chest Compression ◽

Loss Of Consciousness ◽

Care Providers ◽

Clinical Experiences ◽

European Resuscitation Council ◽

The Subject ◽

Erc Guidelines

Background; BLS algorithms for health care providers or experience personnel recommended by AHA, European Resuscitation Council (ERC), and Japanese Resuscitation Council (JPN) differ with respect to the sequence of assessment and procedures. The differences may affect accuracy to diagnose cardiac arrest and quickness to start chest compression. We compared BLS algorithms recommended by these organizations with respect to accuracy of respiratory/circulatory assessment, and quickness to start chest compression using a computed manikin model. Methods; Thirty three subjects (16 physicians and 17 medical students) were enrolled. The Sim-Man (Laerdal) was used to develop 2 scenarios (no pulse/no breathing, with pulse 60/min and breathing 10/min). The three algorithms and 2 scenarios were randomly assigned to the subject, and the accuracy to diagnose cardiac arrest and the time from confirmation of loss of consciousness to starting chest compression were evaluated. Results; The rates of incorrect assessment of respiratory/circulatory status were AHA;9.8% (13 out of 132), ERC;9.1%(12 out of 132) and JPN;6.8%(9 out of 132)(n.s. among algorithms). When the results were analyzed with respect to clinical experiences of the subjects, i.e. physicians vs. medical students, significant differences were found between the groups: AHA;17.2% (11 out of 64), ERC;15.6% (10 out of 64), JPN;12.5% (8 out of 64) in students, whereas AHA;2.9% (2 out of 68), ERC;2.9% (2 out of 68), JPN;1.5% (1 out of 68) in physicians* (* p<0.05 vs. students). The time to starting chest compression were AHA;27.8±5.1 sec, ERC;18.6±3.2** sec, JPN;23.7±4.2 sec (**p<0.05 vs. AHA and JPN), and no significant differences were found between physicians and students. Conclusions; No differences were found in accuracy of respiratory and circulatory assessment among the algorithms, although it may be influenced by clinical experiences of evaluators. The BLS algorithm starting CPR from chest compression such as ERC guidelines may reduce the time of no-flow status in cardiac arrest.

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