The Impact of Authority on Cooperation: A Cross-Cultural Examination of Systemic Trust

Despite claims that “cinema is dead” or that it only interests nostalgic old-timers, statistics indicate a global increase in theater attendance. Not only is moviegoing still one of the favorite forms of entertainment, but it especially appeals to young people. Moreover, communication research seems to have neglected cinema, but the relationship between modern-day teenagers and the silver screen needs to be observed. This chapter reports the results of a cross-cultural study based on the uses and gratifications paradigm with youngsters from eight European countries. It presents their cinematographic uses and consumption, their motivations for going to the movies, and their preferences and conceptions regarding different movie traditions. The study also performs cross-cultural contrasts to reveal more about the impact of regional, national, and global forces on the psychological relationship between today’s teenagers and cinema.

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Cross-cultural effects on graphical password memorability and design

Journal of Systems and Information Technology ◽

10.1108/jsit-06-2020-0105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Mona Mohamed ◽

Tobin Porterfield ◽

Joyram Chakraborty

Keyword(s):

Visual Memory ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Content Type ◽

Graphical Password ◽

Cultural Images ◽

Cultural Considerations ◽

Cultural Effects ◽

Different Cultures ◽

The Impact

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of cultural familiarity with images on the memorability of recognition-based graphical password (RBG-P). Design/methodology/approach The researchers used a between-group design with two groups of 50 participants from China and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, using a webtool and two questionnaires to test two hypotheses in a four-week long study. Findings The results showed that culture has significant effects on RBG-P memorability, including both recognition and recall of images. It was also found that the login success rate depreciated quickly as time progressed, which indicates the memory decay and its effects on the visual memory. Research limitations/implications Collectively, these results can be used to design universal RBG-Ps with maximal password deflection points. For better cross-cultural designs, designers must allow users from different cultures to personalize their image selections based on their own cultures. Practical implications The RBG-P interfaces developed without consideration for users’ cultures may lead to the construction of passwords that are difficult to memorize and easy to attack. Thus, the incorporation of cultural images is indispensable for improving the authentication posture. Social implications The development of RBG-P with cultural considerations will make it easy for the user population to remember the password and make it more expensive for the intruder to attack. Originality/value This study provides an insight for RBG-P developers to produce a graphical password platform that increases the memorability factor.

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The Impact of Cross-Cultural Differences on Human Resource Management in KoreanInvested Enterprises in China

10.35611/jkt.2021.25.2.46 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 46-57

Author(s):

Hao Li ◽

Yu Li

Keyword(s):

Resource Management ◽

Human Resource Management ◽

Cultural Differences ◽

Human Resource ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Cross Cultural Differences ◽

The Impact

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Validation and cross-cultural adaptation of sexual dysfunction modified scale in multiple sclerosis for Brazilian population

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20150078 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 73 (8) ◽

pp. 681-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Raquel Ataíde Peres da Silva ◽

Guilherme Sciascia do Olival ◽

Lívia Palma Stievano ◽

Vania Balardin Toller ◽

Sergio Semeraro Jordy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

Cultural Adaptation ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Brazilian Population ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Cultural Adaptation ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Impact

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). These patients suffer from various comorbidities, including sexual dysfunction (SD). The lesions of MS may affect regions of the CNS along the pathway of sexual response. The Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19 (MSISQ-19) is a scale that assesses sexual dysfunction. Adapt and validate the MSISQ-19 to Brazilian patients with MS. 204 individuals were evaluated, 134 patients with MS and 70 healthy persons for the control group. It was determined reproducibility, validity, internal consistency and sensitivity of the MSISQ-19-BR. Among patients with MS, 54.3% of male and 71.7% of female presented some kind of SD. In the control group the results were 12.5% and 19.5%, respectively. The MSISQ-19-BR is reproducible, reliable and valid for the Brazilian population and may be used as a tool for assessing the impact of sexual dysfunction in patients with MS.

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Validation survey of the impact of urinary incontinence (IIQ-7) and inventory of distress urogenital (UDI-6) – the short scales – in patients with multiple sclerosis

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20140218 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 46-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lívia Palma Stievano ◽

Guilherme Sciascia do Olival ◽

Raquel Ataíde Peres da Silva ◽

Vania Balardin Toller ◽

Eduardo Gregorin Carabetta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Cultural Adaptation ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Control Group ◽

Alpha Coefficient ◽

Urogenital Distress Inventory ◽

Mcdonald Criteria ◽

The Impact ◽

Review Criteria

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Impact Questionnaire of Urinary Incontinence (IIQ-7) and Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6) - short scale - in the Brazilian population with multiple sclerosis. The IIQ-7 and UDI-6 were translated into Portuguese, called IIQ-7-BR and UDI-6-BR. The questionnaires were administered in 211 individuals selected randomly. Of these, 140 had MS according to McDonald criteria and 71 were included in the control group. In both questionnaires, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was above 0.7. The IIQ-7-BR showed 94.31% concordance between the evaluated studies and UDI-6-BR, 93.33%. Thus, the instruments of this study were presented according to the standards proposed by the Instrument Review Criteria, reliability, validity and sensitivity, maintaining the original scales characteristics.

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The impact of support on growth in teacher-efficacy: a cross-cultural study

International Journal of Educational Management ◽

10.1108/ijem-08-2017-0195 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 753-767

Author(s):

Tomas Jungert ◽

Rickard Östergren ◽

Nathalie Houlfort ◽

Richard Koestner

Keyword(s):

Teacher Efficacy ◽

Cultural Study ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Organizational Outcomes ◽

School Management ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Content Type ◽

Cross Cultural Study ◽

The Impact

Purpose Perceived support from co-workers and managers is important for many organizational outcomes. However, the benefit of competence support from colleagues and school management on personal teacher efficacy has not been investigated. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to investigate the impact of competence support from colleagues and the school management on growth in teacher efficacy and second, to investigate cultural differences (Canada and Sweden). Design/methodology/approach The authors administered an inventory measuring support for competence and personal teacher efficacy to over 400 teachers in Canada and Sweden at 27 schools, at two times. Time 1 took place at the first week of a fall semester and Time 2 at the end of the same semester. Findings Structural equation modeling revealed that competence support from colleagues predicted growth in teacher efficacy, whereas competence support from school management did not. No differences in these relations emerged between Canadian and Swedish teachers. Practical implications The findings have implications for how schools organize teachers in teacher teams so that competence support from co-workers is promoted. Originality/value This study is the first cross-cultural study to empirically show that teachers’ self-efficacy is significantly benefitted by competence support from their teacher peers.

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