Role of temperature, relative humidity and rainfall in the development of French bean rust ( Uromyces appendiculatus)

As biorationals, plant oils offer numerous advantages such as being natural products, with low ecotoxicological side effects, and high biodegradability. In particular, drying glyceride plant oils, which are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, might be promising candidates for a more sustainable approach in the discussion about plant protection and the environment. Based on this, we tested the protective and curative efficacy of an oil-in-water-emulsion preparation using drying plant oils (linseed oil, tung oil) and a semi-drying plant oil (rapeseed oil) separately and in different mixtures. Plant oils were tested in greenhouse experiments (in vivo) on green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) against bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus). We observed that a 2% oil concentration showed no or very low phytotoxic effects on green beans. Both tested drying oils showed a protective control ranging from 53–100% for linseed oil and 32–100% for tung oil. Longer time intervals of 6 days before inoculation (6dbi) were less effective than shorter intervals of 2dbi. Curative efficacies were lower with a maximum of 51% for both oils when applied 4 days past inoculation (4dpi) with the fungus. Furthermore, the results showed no systemic effects. These results underline the potential of drying plant oils as biorationals in sustainable plant protection strategies.

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Prioritizing and Analyzing the Role of Climate and Urban Parameters in the Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 Based on Artificial Intelligence Applications

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17103730 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 3730 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sina Shaffiee Haghshenas ◽

Behrouz Pirouz ◽

Sami Shaffiee Haghshenas ◽

Behzad Pirouz ◽

Patrizia Piro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Infectious Disease ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Cost Function ◽

Selection Process ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Pso Algorithm ◽

Data Set ◽

De Algorithm

Nowadays, an infectious disease outbreak is considered one of the most destructive effects in the sustainable development process. The outbreak of new coronavirus (COVID-19) as an infectious disease showed that it has undesirable social, environmental, and economic impacts, and leads to serious challenges and threats. Additionally, investigating the prioritization parameters is of vital importance to reducing the negative impacts of this global crisis. Hence, the main aim of this study is to prioritize and analyze the role of certain environmental parameters. For this purpose, four cities in Italy were selected as a case study and some notable climate parameters—such as daily average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed—and an urban parameter, population density, were considered as input data set, with confirmed cases of COVID-19 being the output dataset. In this paper, two artificial intelligence techniques, including an artificial neural network (ANN) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and differential evolution (DE) algorithm, were used for prioritizing climate and urban parameters. The analysis is based on the feature selection process and then the obtained results from the proposed models compared to select the best one. Finally, the difference in cost function was about 0.0001 between the performances of the two models, hence, the two methods were not different in cost function, however, ANN-PSO was found to be better, because it reached to the desired precision level in lesser iterations than ANN-DE. In addition, the priority of two variables, urban parameter, and relative humidity, were the highest to predict the confirmed cases of COVID-19.

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Breeding for partial resistance in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) to bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus)

Annals of Applied Biology ◽

10.1111/j.1744-7348.1994.tb04138.x ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 124 (2) ◽

pp. 341-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B R EDINGTON ◽

P E SHANAHAN ◽

F H J RIJKENBERG

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Partial Resistance ◽

Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽

Bean Rust ◽

Dry Beans

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Isolates of Uromyces appendiculatus with Specific Virulence to Landraces of Phaseolus vulgaris of Andean Origin

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.1999.83.2.108 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 108-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Craig M. Sandlin ◽

James R. Steadman ◽

Carlos M. Araya ◽

Dermot P. Coyne

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Rapd Analysis ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Rust Fungus ◽

Distinct Group ◽

Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽

Bean Rust ◽

Banding Patterns ◽

Highly Virulent ◽

Specific Virulence

Five isolates of the bean rust fungus Uromyces appendiculatus were shown to be specifically virulent on bean genotypes of Andean origin. This specificity was demonstrated by the virulence of five pairs of isolates on a differential set of 30 Phaseolus vulgaris landraces. Each isolate pair was from a different country in the Americas and consisted of one Andean-specific isolate and one nonspecific isolate. Of the differential P. vulgaris landraces, 15 were of Middle American origin and 15 were of Andean origin. The Andean-specific rust isolates were highly virulent on Andean landraces but not on landraces of Middle American origin. Rust isolates with virulence to Middle American landraces were also generally virulent on Andean material; no truly Middle American-specific isolates were found. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of the rust isolates also distinguished the two groups. Four of the Andean-specific rust isolates formed a distinct group compared to four of the nonspecific isolates. Two of the isolates, one from each of the two virulence groups, had intermediate RAPD banding patterns, suggesting that plasmagomy but not karyogamy occurred between isolates of the two groups.

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Role of nanostructured polymers on the improvement of electrical response-based relative humidity sensors

Sensors and Actuators B Chemical ◽

10.1016/j.snb.2015.11.001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 225 ◽

pp. 96-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

I. Fratoddi ◽

A. Bearzotti ◽

I. Venditti ◽

C. Cametti ◽

M.V. Russo

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Electrical Response ◽

Nanostructured Polymers ◽

Humidity Sensors

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Non-Mendelian and skewed segregation of DNA markers in wide crosses of the bean rust fungus,Uromyces appendiculatus

Current Genetics ◽

10.1007/bf02221580 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 159-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. P. Martinez ◽

J. V. Groth ◽

N. D. Young

Keyword(s):

Dna Markers ◽

Rust Fungus ◽

Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽

Bean Rust ◽

Wide Crosses ◽

Skewed Segregation

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Influence of the ambient humidity on the concentration of natural deposition-mode ice-nucleating particles

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-16-927-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 927-932 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. L. López ◽

E. E. Ávila

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Ground Level ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Air Masses ◽

Ambient Relative Humidity ◽

Thermodynamic Conditions ◽

Rainy Days ◽

Deposition Mode

Abstract. This study reports measurements of deposition-mode ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations at ground level during the period July–December 2014 in Córdoba, Argentina. Ambient air was sampled into a cloud chamber where the INP concentration was measured at a temperature of −25 °C and a 15 % supersaturation over ice. Measurements were performed on days with different thermodynamic conditions, including rainy days. The effect of the relative humidity at ground level (RHamb) on the INP concentration was analyzed. The number of INPs activated varied from 1 L−1 at RHamb of 25 % to 30 L−1 at RHamb of 90 %. In general, a linear trend between the INP concentration and the RHamb was found, suggesting that this variability must be related to the effectiveness of the aerosols acting as INPs. From the backward trajectories analysis, it was found that the link between INP concentration and RHamb is independent of the origin of the air masses. The role of biological INPs and nucleation occurring in pores and cavities was discussed as a possible mechanism to explain the increase of the INP concentration during high ambient relative humidity events. This work provides valuable measurements of deposition-mode INP concentrations from the Southern Hemisphere where INP data are sparse so far.

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Recent changes of relative humidity: regional connection with land and ocean processes

10.5194/esd-2017-43 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano ◽

Raquel Nieto ◽

Luis Gimeno ◽

Cesar Azorin-Molina ◽

Anita Drumond ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Interannual Variability ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Spatial Scales ◽

Global Scale ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Source Regions ◽

Strong Agreement

Abstract. We analyzed changes in surface relative humidity (RH) at the global scale from 1979 to 2014 using both observations and ERA-Interim dataset. We compared the variability and trends of RH with those of land evapotranspiration and ocean evaporation in moisture source areas across a range of selected regions worldwide. The sources of moisture for each particular region were identified by integrating different observational data and model outputs into a lagrangian approach. The aim was to account for the possible role of changes in air temperature over land, in comparison to sea surface temperature (SST), on RH variability. Results demonstrate a strong agreement between the interannual variability of RH and the interannual variability of precipitation and land evapotranspiration in regions with continentally-originated humidity. In contrast, albeit with the dominant positive trend of air temperature/SST ratio in the majority of the analyzed regions, the interannual variability of RH in the target regions did not show any significant correlation with this ratio over the source regions. Also, we did not find any significant association between the interannual variability of oceanic evaporation in the oceanic humidity source regions and RH in the target regions. Our findings stress the need for further investigation of the role of both dynamic and radiative factors in the evolution of RH over continental regions at different spatial scales.

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