scholarly journals Soil total organic carbon/total nitrogen ratio as a key driver deterministically shapes diazotrophic community assemblages during the succession of biological soil crusts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Xu ◽  
Bingchang Zhang ◽  
Entao Wang ◽  
Bingjian Zhu ◽  
Minjie Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Soil Crusts ◽  
Soil Crusts ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Community Assemblages ◽  
Diazotrophic Community

scholarly journals One-step Oxidation of Total Organic Carbon, Total Nitrogen, and Total Phosphorous using Wet Chemical Oxidation

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 603-609
Author(s):  
Jeong-Hwan Choi ◽  
Dong-Hun Shin ◽  
Hye-Bin Kim ◽  
Jong-Gook Kim ◽  
Kitae Baek
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Total Phosphorous ◽  
Wet Chemical

Objective:This study proposed the simultaneous multi-oxidation of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorous using modified wet chemical oxidation method.Methods:The multi oxidation process was based on the dual radical system with sulfate and hydroxyl radicals. The sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were activated at 40℃ and UV irradiation with 254 nm to generate the sulfate radical and hydroxyl radical. The organic matters were oxidized by the dual radicals, and TOC, TN, and TP values were compared with the control group.Results and Discussion:The dual radical system oxidized organic carbon to carbon dioxide effectively, and the TOC values were similar to the value obtained from the high-temperature combustion technique. However, the residual persulfate after oxidation process interfered the absorbance for TN and inhibit the complexation in TP measurement. The residual persulfate was effectively converted to sulfate by longer heating and UV irradiation, and the interferences were more sensitive to reaction temperature than UV irradiation time. As a result, a higher temperature condition was more effective and enhanced the applicability of multi-oxidation.Conclusions:The multi oxidation of TOC, TN, and TP was demonstrated by wet chemical oxidation, and the proposed method is expected to secure the sample and reduce the analytic time. However, the more suitable condition to enhance the accuracy of TOC, TN, and TP in the multi-oxidation system should be studied further.

Assessment of trace metals, total organic carbon and total nitrogen of a shrimp farm system in Southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 101452
Author(s):  
Luis H. Poersch ◽  
William Bauer ◽  
Mônica Wallner Kersanach ◽  
Wilson Wasielesky
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Shrimp Farm ◽  
Farm System

scholarly journals Diazotrophic Community Structure and Function in Two Successional Stages of Biological Soil Crusts from the Colorado Plateau and Chihuahuan Desert

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 973-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris M. Yeager ◽  
Jennifer L. Kornosky ◽  
David C. Housman ◽  
Edmund E. Grote ◽  
Jayne Belnap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Colorado Plateau ◽  
Biological Soil Crusts ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Soil Crusts ◽  
Clone Sequencing ◽  
Microcoleus Vaginatus ◽  
Diazotrophic Community

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize the community structure and activity of N2-fixing microorganisms in mature and poorly developed biological soil crusts from both the Colorado Plateau and Chihuahuan Desert. Nitrogenase activity was approximately 10 and 2.5 times higher in mature crusts than in poorly developed crusts at the Colorado Plateau site and Chihuahuan Desert site, respectively. Analysis of nifH sequences by clone sequencing and the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism technique indicated that the crust diazotrophic community was 80 to 90% heterocystous cyanobacteria most closely related to Nostoc spp. and that the composition of N2-fixing species did not vary significantly between the poorly developed and mature crusts at either site. In contrast, the abundance of nifH sequences was approximately 7.5 times greater (per microgram of total DNA) in mature crusts than in poorly developed crusts at a given site as measured by quantitative PCR. 16S rRNA gene clone sequencing and microscopic analysis of the cyanobacterial community within both crust types demonstrated a transition from a Microcoleus vaginatus-dominated, poorly developed crust to mature crusts harboring a greater percentage of Nostoc and Scytonema spp. We hypothesize that ecological factors, such as soil instability and water stress, may constrain the growth of N2-fixing microorganisms at our study sites and that the transition to a mature, nitrogen-producing crust initially requires bioengineering of the surface microenvironment by Microcoleus vaginatus.

scholarly journals Composting of Calotropis gigantea Leaves In Presence of Sheep Dung

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayur Shah ◽  
Jaldip Kansara ◽  
Prateek Shilpkar
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
Economic Use

Calotropis gigantea is a plant grown almost everywhere and has no economic use. Leaves of Calotropis gigantea plants were composted with sheep dung. Composting conditions were maintained and samples were withdrawn at 30, 60 and 90 days of composting and analysed for pH, electrical conductivity, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl1-, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. Results show that contents of these parameters changes with time and at 90 days nutrient rich compost is obtained with decreased concentration of chloride.

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