scholarly journals Effects of acid deposition on the avoidance behavior of Folsomia candida (Collembola, Isotomidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Luo ◽  
Linglong Zhu ◽  
Guoliang Xu ◽  
Jiaen Zhang ◽  
Jianlong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Deposition ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Folsomia Candida

scholarly journals Effects of sheep manure in agricultural soils on the behavior of Folsomia candida and initial growth and development of Avena sativa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zortéa ◽  
J. C. Segat ◽  
R. A. Conte ◽  
D. A. Barreta ◽  
A. W. L. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Soil Basal Respiration ◽  
Sheep Manure

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sheep manure in agricultural soils on the behavior of Folsomia candida and initial growth and development of Avena sativa. For this, an Oxisol was submitted to different doses of sheep manure and was subsequently evaluated for Folsomia candida survival and avoidance behavior through standardized ecotoxicological assays, the initial performance of oats by germination test and the soil basal respiration rate by respirometry methodology. There was an increase in the basal respiration rate of the soil by the application of sheep manure and this was consistent with the increase of the doses. The survival rate and avoidance behavior of springtails were not altered and there was no change in the initial performance of oats, indicating that this manure can be used for organic fertilization of soils with low soil pollutant potential.

scholarly journals Influence of cypermethrin on avoidance behavior, survival and reproduction of Folsomia candida in soil

Chemosphere ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talyta Zortéa ◽  
Dilmar Baretta ◽  
Ana Paula Maccari ◽  
Julia C. Segat ◽  
Elaine S. Boiago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Survival And Reproduction

scholarly journals Effects of Amorphous Silica Nanopowders on the Avoidance Behavior of Five Soil Species—A Screening Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Santos ◽  
Ângela Barreto ◽  
João Nogueira ◽  
Ana Luísa Daniel-da-Silva ◽  
Tito Trindade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Biological Models ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Spiked Soil ◽  
Screening Study

Silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) are one of the most used in commercial products and biomedical tools, however, their environmental effects have not been fully described. Although negative effects of SiO2NPs on the behavior of freshwater invertebrates have been reported, the knowledge is limited, especially the effect of nanopowders in terrestrial organisms. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to understand the effects of SiO2NPs on the avoidance behavior of five soil species, whose niche may differ thus contributing to differential harmful SiO2NPs effects. Hence, avoidance assays testing SiO2NPs concentrations of 0, 10, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg were performed with Enchytraeus crypticus, Folsomia candida, Tenebrio molitor, Porcellionides pruinosus and Eisenia fetida. SiO2NPs induced different behavioral effects, depending on the invertebrate ecology/habitat, exposure route and physiology. T. molitor, P. pruinosus and F. candida did not avoid contaminated soil; however, E. crypticus and E. fetida significantly avoided SiO2NPs spiked soil. Since these terrestrial worms (oligochaetes) live mostly burrowed in the soil, this can provide greater opportunity for SiO2NPs’ uptake. On the other hand, the other tested organisms mainly living on the upper part of the soil did not avoid the SiO2NPs spiked soil. The avoidance data obtained here also highlight the need for further studies to understand whether (or not) the detected behavioral responses are linked to either neurotransmission processes or sensorial aspects of the biological models.

scholarly journals Effects of fertilizers on the root of Avena strigosa and behavior of Folsomia candida

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Daniel Augusto Barreta ◽  
Suélen Serafini ◽  
Luís Carlos Iuñes Oliveira Filho ◽  
Antonio Waldimir Leopoldino da Silva ◽  
Alexandre Tadeu Paulino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Avena Strigosa ◽  
And Behavior

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of increasing doses of mineral and organic fertilizers on the root chemotaxis of Avena strigosa and avoidance of Folsomia candida. Five soil samples were used for the mineral fertilization with NPK and other five soil samples were used for the organic fertilization with poultry litter-based organic fertilizer. The experiment included control soils (without applications) and soils containing 4-, 8-, 16- and 32-ton fertilizer per ha. A. strigosa was planted and cultivated in the soils for 14, 21, 28 and 35 days and avoidance behavior of F. candida. The root amounts in the soils containing mineral fertilizer were higher than those of the soils containing poultry litter-based organic fertilizer. The avoidance behavior of F. candida from the soils containing poultry litter-based organic fertilizer increased from 8- to 32-ton ha-1. Applications of high poultry litter-based organic fertilizer doses in soil increase the toxic effects for A. strigosa and F. candida.

scholarly journals Ecotoxicological assessment of silicate rock fertilizers using soil invertebrates

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia Carla Niva ◽  
Julia Cora Segat ◽  
Dilmar Baretta ◽  
Carolina Riviera Duarte Maluche Baretta ◽  
Maria Inês Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Eisenia Andrei ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Ecotoxicological Assessment ◽  
Ecotoxicological Tests ◽  
Biotite Schist ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Silicate Rocks

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the possible adverse effects of rock dusts on the avoidance behavior of earthworms and collembolans, as well as on the survival and reproduction of enchytraeids, in ecotoxicological tests using artificial and natural soils. The tests were performed following international guidelines (ISO 17512-2/2011, ISO 11267/1999, and NBR ISO 16387/2012), with some adaptations, in order to evaluate the effect of dusts from two silicate rocks, biotite schist and phonolite, at the concentrations of 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 100%, in artificial and natural (Arenosol and Ferralsol) soils. The avoidance behavior of the earthworm Eisenia andrei and the collembolan Folsomia candida was evaluated, as well as the survival and reproduction of the enchytraeid Enchytraeus sp. Biotite schist and phonolite affected negatively earthworms when applied to the soil at concentrations equal to or higher than 1.0%. The observed effect was associated to the greater presence of salts, especially in the phonolite, and to changes in soil texture when higher concentrations were used. Negative effects on collembolans and enchytraeids were verified at concentrations of 10% or using pure rock dusts. Agronomic rates smaller than 1.0% (approximately 20 Mg ha-1) rock dusts do not cause avoidance behavior or reduction in the survival and reproduction of invertebrates in the soil.

Effect of acid deposition on trichome morphology and dogwood anthracnose biology

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 840-841
Author(s):  
Kyle T. Thornham ◽  
R. Jay Stipes ◽  
Randolph L. Grayson
Keyword(s):  
Acid Deposition ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Tree Disease ◽  
Flowering Dogwood ◽  
Discula Destructiva ◽  
Disease Induction ◽  
Dogwood Anthracnose ◽  
Trichome Morphology ◽  
Precipitation Events

Dogwood anthracnose, caused by Discula destructiva (1), is another new catastrophic tree disease that has ravaged natural populations of the flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) in the Appalachians over the past 15 years, and the epidemic is prognosticated to continue (2). An estimated 9.5 million acres have been affected, primarily in the Appalachian Mountains, from VA southwards, alone, and an estimated 50% of all dogwoods in PA have been killed. Since acid deposition has been linked experimentally with disease induction, and since the disease incidence and severity are more pronounced at higher elevations where lower pH precipitation events occur, we investigated the effect of acidic foliar sprays on moiphologic changes in the foliar cuticle and trichomes (3), the initial sites of infection and foci of Discula sporulation.

Identifying Sources of Sulfate Aerosols Reaching Whiteface Mountain, NY

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
James S. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Acid Deposition ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sulfate Aerosols ◽  
Wet And Dry Deposition ◽  
Whiteface Mountain ◽  
Toxic Trace Metals

INTRODUCTION“Acid rain” and “acid deposition” are terms no longer confined to the lexicon of atmospheric scientists and 1imnologists. Public awareness of and concern over this phenomenon, particularly as it affects acid-sensitive regions of North America, have increased dramatically in the last five years. Temperate ecosystems are suffering from decreased pH caused by acid deposition. Human health may be directly affected by respirable sulfates and by the increased solubility of toxic trace metals in acidified waters. Even man's monuments are deteriorating as airborne acids etch metal and stone features.Sulfates account for about two thirds of airborne acids with wet and dry deposition contributing equally to acids reaching surface waters or ground. The industrial Midwest is widely assumed to be the source of most sulfates reaching the acid-sensitive Northeast since S02 emitted as a byproduct of coal combustion in the Midwest dwarfs S02 emitted from all sources in the Northeast.

Gastric Contents and the Occurrence of Duodenal Lesions in the Rhesus Monkey During Avoidance Behavior

1962 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Polish ◽  
Joseph V. Beady ◽  
John W. Mason ◽  
J.S. Thach ◽  
Wm Niemeck
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Duodenal Lesions ◽  
Gastric Contents

Maintenance of avoidance behavior by unavoidable shocks

1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray Sidman ◽  
R. J. Herrnstein ◽  
Donald G. Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Behavior
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