Modelling of perpetual pavement performance subjected to varying European three-dimensional truck tire loading

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dermot B. Casey ◽  
James R. Grenfell
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Perpetual Pavement

Thermomechanical Coupling of a Hyper-viscoelastic Truck Tire and a Pavement Layer and its Impact on Three-dimensional Contact Stresses

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110171
Author(s):  
Angeli Jayme ◽  
Imad L. Al-Qadi
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stress ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Contact Stresses ◽  
Thermomechanical Coupling ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Truck Tire

A thermomechanical coupling between a hyper-viscoelastic tire and a representative pavement layer was conducted to assess the effect of various temperature profiles on the mechanical behavior of a rolling truck tire. The two deformable bodies, namely the tire and pavement layer, were subjected to steady-state-uniform and non-uniform temperature profiles to identify the significance of considering temperature as a variable in contact-stress prediction. A myriad of ambient, internal air, and pavement-surface conditions were simulated, along with combinations of applied tire load, tire-inflation pressure, and traveling speed. Analogous to winter, the low temperature profiles induced a smaller tire-pavement contact area that resulted in stress localization. On the other hand, under high temperature conditions during the summer, higher tire deformation resulted in lower contact-stress magnitudes owing to an increase in the tire-pavement contact area. In both conditions, vertical and longitudinal contact stresses are impacted, while transverse contact stresses are relatively less affected. This behavior, however, may change under a non-free-rolling condition, such as braking, accelerating, and cornering. By incorporating temperature into the tire-pavement interaction model, changes in the magnitude and distribution of the three-dimensional contact stresses were manifested. This would have a direct implication on the rolling resistance and near-surface behavior of flexible pavements.

A Study on the Influences of Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 3899-3904
Author(s):  
Lan Yun Chen ◽  
Qing Long You ◽  
Xin Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Truck Tire

In order to study the effects of different factors on the performance of crumb rubber modified asphalt, on the basis of many laboratory tests, this article analyzed such factors as types of crumb rubber, fineness, content, mixing temperature and matrix asphalt. Results show that mixed with the crumb rubber, pavement performance of the asphalt has been improved to varying degree. In the engineering application of rubber asphalt, it is suggested that the 20 mesh crumb rubber modified asphalt of truck tire be adopted, with about 16% to 18% of crumb rubber content at about 175°C. As for matrix asphalt, it should be selected according to the different climatic conditions and the mechanical characteristics of the pavement.

Three-dimensional vibration of a ring with a noncircular cross-section on an elastic foundation

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (13) ◽  
pp. 2381-2393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Liu ◽  
Fuqiang Zhou ◽  
Christian Oertel ◽  
Yintao Wei
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Foundation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Theoretical Formula ◽  
Variation Principle ◽  
Displacement Fields ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Noncircular Cross Section ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Out Of Plane

The three-dimensional dynamic equations of a ring with a noncircular cross-section on an elastic foundation are obtained using the Hamilton variation principle. In contrast to the previous rings on elastic foundation model, the developed model incorporates both the in-plane and out-of-plane bend and the out-of-plane torsion in displacement fields. The errors in the derivation of the initial stress and the work of the internal pressure in previous rings on elastic foundation models have been corrected. The mode expansion was used to obtain the analytical solution of the natural frequency. The initial motivation is to develop a theoretical model for car tire dynamics. Therefore, to validate the proposed model, the in-plane and out-of-plane vibrations of a truck tire have been analyzed using the proposed method. To further verify the accuracy of the model, the results of the theoretical formula are compared with the finite element analysis and modal test, and good agreement can be found.

A Study of the Semi-Perpetual Pavement Performance in Queensland

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 20120157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Chai ◽  
Giles Lewer ◽  
Yew-Chaye Loo
Keyword(s):  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Perpetual Pavement

Development of Domain Analysis to Predict Multi-Axial Flexible Airfield Pavement Responses Due to Gear and Environmental Loadings

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (40) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeli Gamez ◽  
Jaime A. Hernandez ◽  
Imad L. Al-Qadi
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Cracking ◽  
Cracking Potential ◽  
Airport Pavement ◽  
Truck Tire

Flexible pavement design procedures use maximum mechanistic strains to predict service life via empirical transfer functions. The conventional method of using predefined point locations for potential damage may not accurately represent realistic pavement scenarios. For instance, flexible airfield pavement analysis mainly considers the critical strain at the bottom of the asphalt concrete (AC), which may not characterize near-surface cracking potential. In lieu of point strains, domain analysis, a new method, accounts for the multi-axial behavior of pavements, as inherently excited by three-dimensional (3-D) and nonuniform aircraft tire–pavement contact stresses. Initially applied on highway pavements considering truck tire loading, this approach is an initial breakthrough for implementing domain analysis on flexible airfield pavements; in this study, A-380 and F-16 landing gear tire loads were considered. As anticipated, speed and temperature had significant influence on cumulative domain stress and strain ratios. The decrease in speed and increase in temperature not only increased the cumulative ratios up to 1.81, but nonlinearity of the problem became more prevalent at worst loading conditions (8 kph and 45°C). Minimal difference in ratios for F-16 cases suggests that the National Airport Pavement Test Facility pavement structure became less sensitive to conditions under low loads. Point response analysis revealed that critical strains were not significantly influenced by the tire-inflation pressure, for example, tensile strain at the bottom of the AC only increased up to 13.6% (considering 8 kph speed), whereas domain analysis quantified the increase with respect to 3-D stress or strain states.

Stress Analysis of the Multi-Layered System of a Truck Tire

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
S. Rakheja ◽  
R. Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Layered System ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Stress And Deformation

Abstract In this paper, a nonlinear finite element tire model is developed as an effective fast modeling approach to analyze the stress fields within a loaded tire structure, with the contact patch geometry and contact pressure distribution in the tire-road interface as functions of the normal load and the inflation pressure. The model considers the geometry and orientations of the cords in individual layers and the stacking sequence of different layers in the multi-layered system to predict the interply interactions in the belts and carcass layers. The study incorporates nearly incompressible property of the tread rubber block and anisotropic material properties of the layers. The analysis is performed using ANSYS software, and the results are presented to describe the influence of the normal load on the various stress fields and contact pressure distributions. The computed footprint geometry is qualitatively compared with the measured data to examine the validity of the model. It is concluded that the proposed model can provide reliable predictions about the three-dimensional stress and deformation fields in the multi-layered system and the contact pressure distribution in the tire-road interface.

Radial Truck Tire Inflation Analysis: Theory and Experiment

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Kennedy ◽  
H. P. Patel ◽  
M. S. McMinn
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Solution Procedure ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Truck Tires ◽  
Tube Type ◽  
The Finite Element Model

Abstract The finite element method is a useful tool in the design process to give deformations, strains and stresses in tires when they are loaded. To show this, a geometrically nonlinear, materially homogeneous, and generally orthotropic finite element model is described and used in the inflation analysis of radial truck tires. The element, a linear strain axisymmetric triangle, has three displacement degrees of freedom at each node in order to correctly model the three-dimensional states of strain and stress present in generally orthotropic structures. Two radial truck tires, a tube-type 10.00R20 and a tubeless 11R22.5, are analyzed both experimentally and analytically for inflation loading. Experimentally, cord forces are measured by cord force transducers, belt edge interply shear strain is measured by a pin rotation technique, sidewall growth is measured by a laser profilometer, and sidewall strains are measured with liquid metal strain gages. These values are compared with those predicted by the finite element model. The model works well for the tube-type 10.00R20 tire and above the mid-sidewall of the tubeless 11R22.5 tire. Further work needs to be done on the lower sidewall and bead area portions of the 11R22.5 tire model. The finite element model and solution procedure for the 11R22.5 radial truck tire is used for trend predictions. Several tire construction features, belt bias angle, belt end count, body ply end count, and bell skim stock modulus are varied, and their effect on inflation growth, strains and cord forces are predicted. The largest effect on inflation behavior was variation of the belt bias angle. The other features had minor effects. These predicted trends are important in giving the design engineer direction in creating new tire types or modifying current designs.

Structural Study of Perpetual Pavement Performance in Ohio

2016 ◽  
pp. 441-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issam Khoury ◽  
Shad Sargand ◽  
Benjamin Jordan ◽  
Paul Cichocki ◽  
Matthew Sheer
Keyword(s):  
Structural Study ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Perpetual Pavement

The orbit of Pluto over a long interval of time

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbit ◽  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Restricted Problem ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Circular Restricted Problem ◽  
Resonance Relation

The paper presents a summary of the results obtained by C. J. Cohen and E. C. Hubbard, who established by numerical integration that a resonance relation exists between the orbits of Neptune and Pluto. The problem may be explored further by approximating the motion of Pluto by that of a particle with negligible mass in the three-dimensional (circular) restricted problem. The mass of Pluto and the eccentricity of Neptune's orbit are ignored in this approximation. Significant features of the problem appear to be the presence of two critical arguments and the possibility that the orbit may be related to a periodic orbit of the third kind.

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