DISCO-Urban: an updated GIS-based vulnerability mapping method for delineating groundwater protection zones in historic urban areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Meerkhan ◽  
Liliana Freitas ◽  
José Teixeira ◽  
Fernando Rocha ◽  
Alcides J. S. C. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Groundwater Protection ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Vulnerability Mapping ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Groundwater Protection Zones

scholarly journals Cost of groundwater protection: major groundwater basin protection zones in Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Krogulec ◽  
Jacek Gurwin ◽  
Mirosław Wąsik
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Groundwater Protection ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Groundwater Basins ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThis paper describes the complex hydrogeological, legal framework and socioeconomic costs of the groundwater protection in major groundwater basins (MGBs) in Poland in accordance with European directives. The hydrogeological criteria developed in Poland for establishing MGBs and the principles of their protection provide more details to the directives that are in force in Europe, which define the general principles for groundwater protection. The procedure of establishing MGB protection zones is connected with a change in local plans and land development and requires an analysis of the cost–benefit relationship in the sphere of social economy in the sector of public economics. The cost assessment was performed on the basis of data from hydrogeological documentations, and the aggregation of subareas to which the same existing and planned development can be attributed. A legal analysis of bans, orders and restrictions together with the identification of the risk of claims in specific hydrogeological and development conditions was a fundamental issue of research. These costs depend on the acreage and land use of the protected area. The unit costs of MGB protection, calculated per 1 km2 of the protection area, for six sample basins were estimated at €120 to €208,000/2 years/1 km2. The highest costs are generated by establishing protection in urban areas, while the lowest costs are generated in forest areas.

Survival of Some Pathogenic and Facultative Pathogenic Bacteria in Groundwater

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Filip ◽  
D. Kaddu-Mulindwa ◽  
G. Milde
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Groundwater Protection ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Model Experiments ◽  
Groundwater Protection Zones

In model experiments carried out in the laboratory the survival of bacteria in groundwater kept at 10±l °C was tested. Only two of the tested bacteria species did not survive longer than 10 - 30 days. Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other pathogenic or facultative pathogenic bacteria survived up to 100 days or even more in ground-water with or without the addition of sand from an aquifer. These results can be of importance for determining groundwater protection zones.

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