Evaluation of the effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapy (bile acid sequestrants, niacin, psyllium and lovastatin) for treating hypercholesterolemia in veterans

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 759-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Schectman ◽  
Jan Hiatt ◽  
Arthur Hartz
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Bile Acid Sequestrants ◽  
Lowering Therapy

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk factors and COVID-19 outcomes in hospitalised patients: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e045482
Author(s):  
Didier Collard ◽  
Nick S Nurmohamed ◽  
Yannick Kaiser ◽  
Laurens F Reeskamp ◽  
Tom Dormans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Age And Sex

ObjectivesRecent reports suggest a high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in COVID-19 patients, but the role of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in the clinical course of COVID-19 is unknown. We evaluated the time-to-event relationship between hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes and COVID-19 outcomes.DesignWe analysed data from the prospective Dutch CovidPredict cohort, an ongoing prospective study of patients admitted for COVID-19 infection.SettingPatients from eight participating hospitals, including two university hospitals from the CovidPredict cohort were included.ParticipantsAdmitted, adult patients with a positive COVID-19 PCR or high suspicion based on CT-imaging of the thorax. Patients were followed for major outcomes during the hospitalisation. CVD risk factors were established via home medication lists and divided in antihypertensives, lipid-lowering therapy and antidiabetics.Primary and secondary outcomes measuresThe primary outcome was mortality during the first 21 days following admission, secondary outcomes consisted of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and ICU mortality. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the association with CVD risk factors.ResultsWe included 1604 patients with a mean age of 66±15 of whom 60.5% were men. Antihypertensives, lipid-lowering therapy and antidiabetics were used by 45%, 34.7% and 22.1% of patients. After 21-days of follow-up; 19.2% of the patients had died or were discharged for palliative care. Cox regression analysis after adjustment for age and sex showed that the presence of ≥2 risk factors was associated with increased mortality risk (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.02), but not with ICU admission. Moreover, the use of ≥2 antidiabetics and ≥2 antihypertensives was associated with mortality independent of age and sex with HRs of, respectively, 2.09 (95% CI 1.55 to 2.80) and 1.46 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.91).ConclusionsThe accumulation of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes leads to a stepwise increased risk for short-term mortality in hospitalised COVID-19 patients independent of age and sex. Further studies investigating how these risk factors disproportionately affect COVID-19 patients are warranted.

Standard and intensive lipid-lowering therapy with statins for the primary prevention of vascular diseases: a population-based study

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Macías Saint-Gerons ◽  
C. de la Fuente Honrubia ◽  
D. Montero Corominas ◽  
M. J. Gil ◽  
F. de Andrés-Trelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Lowering Therapy

LDL S-homocysteinylation decrease in chronic kidney disease patients undergone lipid lowering therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Zinellu ◽  
Salvatore Sotgia ◽  
Elisabetta Pisanu ◽  
Giacomina Loriga ◽  
Luca Deiana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Lowering Therapy

scholarly journals From evidence to practice: development of web-based Dutch lipid reference values

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Nurmohamed ◽  
D. Collard ◽  
J. W. Balder ◽  
J. A. Kuivenhoven ◽  
E. S. G. Stroes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
Cascading Style Sheets ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Introduction In the Netherlands, the total number of yearly measured lipid profiles exceeds 500,000. While lipid values are strongly affected by age and sex, until recently, no up-to-date age- and sex-specific lipid reference values were available. We describe the translation of big-cohort lipid data into accessible reference values, which can be easily incorporated in daily clinical practice. Methods Lipid values (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides) from all healthy adults and children in the LifeLines cohort were used to generate age- and sex-specific percentiles. A combination of RStudio, Cascading Style Sheets and HyperText Markup Language was used to interactively display the percentiles in a responsive web layout. Results After exclusion of subjects reporting cardiovascular disease or lipid-lowering therapy at baseline, 141,611 subjects were included. On the website, input fields were created for age, sex and all main plasma lipids. Upon input of these values, corresponding percentiles are calculated, and output is displayed in a table and an interactive graph for each lipid. The website has been made available in both Dutch and English and can be accessed at www.lipidtools.com. Conclusion We constructed the first searchable, national lipid reference value tool with graphical display in the Netherlands to use in screening for dyslipidaemias and to reduce the underuse of lipid-lowering therapy in Dutch primary prevention. This study illustrates that data collected in big-cohort studies can be made easily accessible with modern digital techniques and preludes the digital health revolution yet to come.

scholarly journals Stroke Prevention: Little-Known and Neglected Aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
M. Reza Azarpazhooh ◽  
Chrysi Bogiatzi ◽  
J. David Spence
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Prevention ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Enteric Coating ◽  
Asymptomatic Carotid ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
Direct Acting

Combining available therapies has the potential to reduce the risk of stroke by 80% or more. A comprehensive review of all aspects of stroke prevention would be very lengthy; in this narrative review, we focus on some aspects of stroke prevention that are little-known and/or neglected. These include the following: (1) implementation of a Mediterranean diet; (2) B vitamins to lower homocysteine; (3) coordinated approaches to smoking cessation; (4) intensive lipid-lowering therapy; (5) lipid lowering in the elderly; (6) physiologically individualized therapy for hypertension based on renin/aldosterone phenotyping; (7) avoiding excessive blood pressure reduction in patients with stiff arteries; (8) treatment of insulin resistance with pioglitazone in stroke patients with prediabetes and diabetes; (9) impaired activation of clopidogrel in patients with variants of CYP2C19; (10) aspirin pseudoresistance due to enteric coating; (11) rationale for anticoagulation in patients with embolic stroke of unknown source; (12) pharmacologic properties of direct-acting oral anticoagulants that should be considered when choosing among them; (13) the identification of which patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis are at a high enough risk to benefit from carotid endarterectomy or stenting; and (14) the importance of age in choosing between endarterectomy and stenting. Stroke prevention could be improved by better recognition of these issues and by implementation of the principles derived from them.

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