Effect of South Louisiana crude oil and no. 2 fuel oil on growth of heterotrophic microorganisms, including proteolytic, lipolytic, chitinolytic and cellulolytic bacteria

1975 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Walker ◽  
P.A. Seesman ◽  
R.R. Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Heterotrophic Microorganisms ◽  
South Louisiana

Comparison of the biodegradability of crude and fuel oils

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Walker ◽  
L. Petrakis ◽  
R. R. Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Fuel Oils ◽  
Generic Composition ◽  
Low Sulfur ◽  
South Louisiana

Crude and fuel oils were compared for ability to support growth of a mixed population of estuarine bacteria. A total of four oils, two crude and two fuel oils, were examined. It was found that each of the oils supported a unique population of bacteria and yeasts, with respect to generic composition. Low-sulfur, high-saturate, South Louisiana crude oil was found to be highly susceptible to degradation. In contrast, the dense, high-sulfur, high-aromatic, Bunker C fuel oil was strongly refractory to microbial degradation.

Some effects of petroleum on estuarine and marine microorganisms

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Walker ◽  
R. R. Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Marsh Area ◽  
Autochthonous Bacteria ◽  
Sediment Bacteria ◽  
South Louisiana

Degradation of mixed hydrocarbon substrate in a system comprising water from an environment relatively free of oil and a sediment inoculum from an oil-contaminated site was significantly greater than when sediment from the non-oil-contaminated environment served as inoculum. Mixed hydrocarbon substrate, however, was observed to have a limiting effect on the growth of autochthonous bacteria from the non-oil-contaminated estuarine source. Growth and cell yield were similarly reduced when marine sediment bacteria were cultured in seawater supplemented with mixed hydrocarbon substrate. The addition of a South Louisiana crude oil or a No. 2 fuel oil to water and sediment collected from a marsh area of Chesapeake Bay showed no limiting effects on growth of the total heterotrophic microbial flora when examined over a 28-day period. However, results of these studies indicate that the effects of petroleum on microorganisms should be examined carefully under conditions closely approximating those in situ.

Effect of non-aqueous phase liquid on biodegradation of PAHs in spilled oil on tidal flat

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kose ◽  
A. Miyagishi ◽  
T. Mukai ◽  
K. Takimoto ◽  
M. Okada
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Dissolution Rates ◽  
Decrease Rate ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Spilled Oil

Biodegradation rates of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in spilled oil stranded on tidal flats were studied using model reactors to clarify the effects of NAPL on the biodegradation of PAHs in stranded oil on tidal flat with special emphasis on the relationship between dissolution rates of PAHs into water and viscosity of NAPL. Biodegradation of PAHs in NAPL was limited by the dissolution rates of PAHs into water. Biodegradation rate of chrysene was smaller than that for acenaphthene and phenanthrene due to the smaller dissolution rates. Dissolution rates of PAHs in fuel oil C were smaller those in crude oil due to high viscosity of fuel oil C. Therefore, biodegradation rates of PAHs in fuel oil C were smaller than those in crude oil. Biodegradation rates of PAHs in NAPL with slow decrease rate like fuel oil C were slower than those in NAPL with rapid decrease like crude oil. The smaller decrease rate of fuel oil C than crude oil was due to higher viscosity of fuel oil C. Therefore, not only the dissolution rate of PAHs but also the decrease rates of NAPL were important factors for the biodegradation of PAHs.

EFFECTS OF SOUTH LOUISIANA CRUDE OIL AND DISPERSANTS ON RHIZOPHORA MANGROVES

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (1) ◽  
pp. 633A-633A
Author(s):  
Howard J. Teas ◽  
Eirik O. Duerr ◽  
J. Ross Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
South Louisiana

THE EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON LARVAE OF LOBSTER HOMARUS AMERICANUS

1977 ◽  
Vol 1977 (1) ◽  
pp. 569-573
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Forns
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
American Lobster ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Fourth Larval Stage ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Oil Exposure ◽  
South Louisiana

ABSTRACT The effects of API reference South Louisiana crude oil upon four larval stages of American lobster (Homarus americanus) were determined in a flow-through system. Tests were conducted with naturally-hatched animals in individual test chambers as well as in mass culture systems in an operating state lobster hatchery. Experimental flow-through crude oil exposure concentrations were 0.1, and 1.0 ppm, administered as a strongly-agitated emulsion-like mix to ambient temperature seawater ranging from 15°-20°C. Oil exposure residence times ranged from 0.8-5.6 minutes depending on the test. Exposed animals were monitored six times daily for feeding behavioral characteristics, mobility, molting success, growth and development times to reach the fourth larval stage. Pigmentation analysis was performed on individual larvae by photomicroscopy, and hydrocarbon analyses were also conducted thereon. Post-larval development through the eighth stage was investigated. Statistical comparisons were made among different control animals and between control and oil-exposed larvae.

A REVIEW OF OIL-IN-WATER MONITORING TECHNIQUES

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 (2) ◽  
pp. 1375-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Lambert ◽  
Mike Goldthorp ◽  
Ben Fieldhouse ◽  
Zhendi Wang ◽  
Mervin F. Fingas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACT A comprehensive laboratory study of the Turner Instrument flow-through fluorometers was conducted to review their ability to measure real-time oil-in-water concentrations, to compare the results to alternative total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) procedures and to carry out supporting laboratory analysis in order to further understand the relationship of the fluorescent signal to the composition of the oils. The model 10 AU was equipped with the long wavelength optical kit for crude oils while the model 10 was equipped with the short wavelength optical kit for diesel fuels and light refined oil products. Eight oils and the dispersant COREXIT®9500 were used. The oils were Alberta Sweet Mixed Blend crude oil (0% and 27% weathered), Prudhoe Bay crude oil (0% and 27% weathered), Bunker C fuel oil (0% and 8% weathered), and diesel fuel (0% and 37% weathered). Efforts were made to establish a calibration procedure which was used to convert the real-time fluorometer data to oil concentration. Initial comparisons of the fluorometer results to standard infrared and gas chromatography laboratory procedures showed all methods capable of detecting and differentiating between small changes in oil concentration. The infrared and gas chromatography generated similar values while the fluorometer values were of the same order of magnitude but typically 20 to 80% higher.

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