Ground-based FTIR spectroscopic absorption measurements of stratospheric trace gases in the Arctic with the sun and the moon as light sources

1995 ◽  
Vol 347 ◽  
pp. 407-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Notholt ◽  
O Schrems
Keyword(s):  
Trace Gases ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Stratospheric Trace Gases ◽  
Absorption Measurements

Development of a new methodology for the retrieval of in-situ stratospheric trace gases concentration from airborne limb-absorption measurements

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Petritoli ◽  
Giorgio Giovanelli ◽  
Fabrizio Ravegnani ◽  
Daniele Bortoli ◽  
Ivan K. Kostadinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Gases ◽  
Stratospheric Trace Gases ◽  
Absorption Measurements

The Bön Tradition of Dzogchen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Achard
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Buddhism ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Tibetan Buddhist ◽  
Buddhist Literature ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
The Core ◽  
Dark Room

Dzogchen (“Great Perfection”) is a philosophical and yogic tradition largely developed within the Bönpo tradition of Tibetan Buddhism. Its first datable sources surface on the religious scene of Tibet sometime around the late 10th to the early 11th century with the discoveries of Treasure text (gter ma) that are supposed to have been hidden during the 8th century and earlier, as well as with the seminal composition of texts and commentaries that are based on these Treasures. Some of its teachings are also presented as having been transmitted orally from archaic, undatable times through an uninterrupted lineage of masters. Groups of lay Bönpo practitioners, later followed by monastics of the same tradition, started to gather around the discoverers and authors of these works, thus creating the first postdynastic religious communities of Bön dispersed throughout Tibet. Deeply enriched by the integration of a vast amount of traditional Buddhist literature, the Bön tradition absorbed teachings from all other Tibetan Buddhist lineages. The core of these teachings is made up of profoundly secret instructions said to enable practitioners to reach the state of total Buddhahood in a single lifetime. The quintessence of these teachings focuses upon yogic techniques centered on the contemplation of light sources, such as the sun, the moon, or a butter lamp. Particular methods are also applied in a completely dark room in which special visualizations are combined with yogic devices that lead to visionary experiences which are unique throughout Buddhist teachings. These practices based on colored visions produce various signs manifesting at the end of the practitioner’s life such as the famed Rainbow Body (‘ja’ lus).

Stratospheric OClO observed with ground-based DOAS over Kiruna in the Arctic winters 1996/1997 – 2019/2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myojeong Gu ◽  
Carl-Fredrik Enell ◽  
Janis Pukite ◽  
Ulrich Platt ◽  
Uwe Raffalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Trace Gases ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Measurement Site ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Stratospheric Trace Gases ◽  
Do So

<p>Recent research on stratospheric ozone indicates signs of ozone recovery, but on the other hand, ozone recovery is also expected to be delayed by many aspects (e.g climate change). Therefore, it is important to monitor continuously stratospheric trace gases to predict the future evolution of the Arctic ozone and other trace gases which are involved in the ozone depletion chemistry. OClO is well known as an indicator of the stratospheric chlorine activation and can be measured using remote sensing techniques.</p><p>In this study, we present long-term measurements of OClO slant column densities at Kiruna, Sweden (67.84°N, 20.41°E) which were obtained from the ground-based zenith sky DOAS instruments since 1997. The measurement site is located north of the polar circle in which the variability of the OClO abundance depends on the state of stratospheric chlorine activation but also whether the polar vortex is located above the measurement site.</p><p>The aim of this study is to give an overview of the measured stratospheric OClO abundance for 19 years, and to investigate the dominant parameters affecting ozone and OClO during periods of stratospheric chlorine activation. One particular focus is on the parameters which trigger the activation and de-activation at the beginning and the end of the polar winter.</p><p>To do so, we compare the general dependencies of OClO on other trace gases and meteorological conditions.</p>

scholarly journals XI. On the tides of the arctic seas.―Part I. On the diurnal tides of Port Leopold, North Somerset

1863 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 243-272
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Semidiurnal Tide ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Diurnal Tides

I am indebted to the courtesy of Captain Washington, R. N., Hydrographer to the Navy, for the opportunity I have had of investigating the tides of Port Leopold. Having heard that I was engaged in the discussion of the Arctic Tides, he kindly placed at my disposal the observations made on board Her Majesty’s Ship 'Investigator,’ during the expedition of 1848-49, under the orders of Sir James C. Ross, R. N., in search of Sir John Franklin. The 'Investigator’ was anchored, or rather fast in the ice, during the winter of 1848, in Port Leopold, North Somerset, lat. 74°N., long. 90°W., in three fathoms water; and the observations on the tides were made by Lieut. Frederick Robinson, whose care and skill in observing are highly to be commended. By carefully laying down the daily high and low waters, I have succeeded in completely separating the Diurnal from the Semidiurnal Tide, and in resolving each tide into the portions due respectively to the action of the Sun and of the Moon.

Modelling Lunar Extremes

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fisher ◽  
Lionel Sims
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Celestial Mechanics ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Landscape Context ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon

Claims first made over half a century ago that certain prehistoric monuments utilised high-precision alignments on the horizon risings and settings of the Sun and the Moon have recently resurfaced. While archaeoastronomy early on retreated from these claims, as a way to preserve the discipline in an academic boundary dispute, it did so without a rigorous examination of Thom’s concept of a “lunar standstill”. Gough’s uncritical resurrection of Thom’s usage of the term provides a long-overdue opportunity for the discipline to correct this slippage. Gough (2013), in keeping with Thom (1971), claims that certain standing stones and short stone rows point to distant horizon features which allow high-precision alignments on the risings and settings of the Sun and the Moon dating from about 1700 BC. To assist archaeoastronomy in breaking out of its interpretive rut and from “going round in circles” (Ruggles 2011), this paper evaluates the validity of this claim. Through computer modelling, the celestial mechanics of horizon alignments are here explored in their landscape context with a view to testing the very possibility of high-precision alignments to the lunar extremes. It is found that, due to the motion of the Moon on the horizon, only low-precision alignments are feasible, which would seem to indicate that the properties of lunar standstills could not have included high-precision markers for prehistoric megalith builders.

The Visibility of Stars during Twilight

1957 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Millman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Compass ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Heavenly Body ◽  
Flight Planning ◽  
Arctic Navigation

One of the problems in arctic navigation by astro is the twilight period. At this time, if the Moon is below the horizon, suitable objects for sextant observation are not easy to find. The difficulty is aggravated by the fact that on certain flight paths the arctic twilight may last for many hours. It must also be remembered that in these areas the behaviour of the magnetic compass and of radio aids are often unreliable and this increases the relative importance of astro-navigation. With the introduction of the periscopic sextant into air navigation it has become possible to pre-set the instrument for a given star or planet and satisfactory observations may be possible when the heavenly body is still below the level of casual perception for the unaided eye. In this connection it is necessary to know what stars are likely to be seen under twilight conditions if efficient flight-planning is to be carried out.

Sweat of the Sun and Tears of the Moon. Gold and Silver in Pre-Columbian Art

1967 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Earle R. Caley ◽  
Andre Emmerich
Keyword(s):  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon
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