Behavior and corticosteroid response of maudsley reactive and nonreactive rats in the open field and forced swimming test

The aim of the present work was to investigate if flowers extract (FE) and leaf extract (LE) of Baccharis ilimita (Asteraceae) induced antidepressant-like effect. Previous phytochemical investigations have shown the presence of structurally and biogenetically diverse secondary metabolites in this gene, such as flavonoids, diterpenes and triterpenes. Male Swiss mice were injected with FE and LE (12.5; 25.0 or 50.0 mg/kg; i.p.) or saline (S) and after 30 min, they were tested in the forced swimming test (FST). The results showed that FE and LE (50 mg/kg) decreased the duration of immobility time in comparison to the control group (S: 114.8s ± 10.23; FE50: 47.52s ± 9.45; LE50: 53.36s ± 10.38). However, the 12.5 and 25.0 mg/kg doses had no effect on the immobility time in comparison to the control group. The FE and LE did not produce any change in ambulation in mice when tested in an open field. The imipramine (IMP; 15.0 mg/kg i.p.) was used as the positive control. Our results suggested that FE and LE of Baccharis ilimita presents antidepressant-like effect in mice. Such results suggest that the antidepressant-like effect may be attributed at lest partially the flavonoids or the interaction of the active(s) principle(s) present in this plant.Descritores:Baccharis ilimita. Forced swimming test. Depression. Mice.

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Antistress action of Fornicium uniflorum extract in chronic stress

Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy ◽

10.17816/rcf19197-102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 97-102

Author(s):

Sergey M. Gulyaev ◽

Larisa N. Shantanova

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Forced Swimming Test ◽

Forced Swimming ◽

Stress Disorders ◽

Relative Mass ◽

Chronic Unpredictable Stress ◽

Target Organs ◽

Elevated Maze ◽

Swimming Test

The anti-stress effect of the Fornicium uniflorum extract was studied in Wistar rats in model of chronic unpredictable stress. Stress disorders in rats were determined using methods open field, plus elevated maze, forced swimming test, tail suspension model, sucrose test, as well as changes in the weight indicators of stress target organs. The course administration of F. uniflorum extract to rats under conditions of chronic stress prevented the development of behavioral disorders: the indicators of horizontal, vertical motor activities and mink reflex in the open field were, respectively, 1.5, 4 and 2.5 times higher than those of control rats (without treatment) (p 0.05); the time spent in the open arms of the plus elevated maze and the number of entries into them were respectively 3 and 8.5 times greater than the indices of control rats (p 0.05); the time of immobility of rats in the forced swimming test and the model of hanging by the tail were 2 and 3 times less than in the control; the volume of consumption of sucrose solution in the sucrose test by rats was 1.4 times higher than that of control rats (p 0.05), which indicated the antidepressant activity. In the rats treated with F. uniflorum, no changes in the relative mass of stress target organs were noted, in contrast to the control (p 0.05). Therefore, the course administration of F. uniflorum has an anti-stress and antidepressant effect in chronic unpredictable stress.

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Factor analysis of Forced Swimming test, Sucrose Preference test and Open Field test on enriched, social and isolated reared rats

Behavioural Brain Research ◽

10.1016/j.bbr.2005.12.001 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 169 (1) ◽

pp. 57-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 152

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Brenes Sáenz ◽

Odir Rodríguez Villagra ◽

Jaime Fornaguera Trías

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Open Field ◽

Field Test ◽

Forced Swimming Test ◽

Open Field Test ◽

Preference Test ◽

Forced Swimming ◽

Sucrose Preference ◽

Swimming Test ◽

Sucrose Preference Test

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Experimental anxiety-depressive state in rats caused by neonatal exposure to the inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, diprotin A: effects of imipramine

ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» ◽

10.25557/igpp.2017.4.8517 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 4-12

Author(s):

Н.Н. Хлебникова ◽

Н.А. Крупина

Keyword(s):

Forced Swimming Test ◽

Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽

Dipeptidyl Peptidase Iv ◽

Forced Swimming ◽

Face Validity ◽

Neonatal Exposure ◽

Depressive State ◽

Serum Corticosterone ◽

Old Rats ◽

Swimming Test

В наших предыдущих исследованиях было показано, что ингибитор пролинспецифической пептидазы дипептидилпептидазы-IV (ДП-IV, EC 3.4.14.5) трипептид дипротин А, введенный крысам в 5-18 постнатальные дни, приводит к развитию у крыс подросткового возраста и взрослых животных эмоционально-мотивационных расстройств. Такие расстройства можно рассматривать как модель смешанного тревожно-депрессивного состояния. Однако специальных исследований по валидности данной модели проведено не было. Цель настоящей работы состояла в проверке влияния трициклического антидепрессанта имипрамина (ИМИ) на депрессивноподобное поведение крыс и уровень кортикостерона в сыворотке крови животных на модели смешанного тревожно-депрессивного состояния. Методика. У крыс в возрасте одного и двух мес. определяли уровень тревожности в автоматизированном тесте «Приподнятый крестообразный лабиринт» и оценивали депрессивноподобное поведение в тесте принудительного плавания. ИМИ вводили взрослым животным в течение 10 дней (20 мг/кг/день, интрагастрально). Уровень кортикостерона в сыворотке крови определяли методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа. Результаты. Неонатальное действие дипротина А приводило к повышению тревожности у крыс в возрасте 1 мес. Депрессивноподобное поведение обнаружено у животных в возрасте одного и двух мес. ИМИ нормализовал поведение животных в тесте принудительного плавания и снижал уровень кортикостерона в сыворотке крови крыс. Кроме того, ИМИ снижал вес крыс. Заключение. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют в пользу адекватности модели смешанного тревожно-депрессивного расстройства, возникающего у крыс вследствие действия ингибитора ДП-IV дипротина А на второй-третьей неделях постнатального развития, клиническому прообразу заболевания по критериям «внешней схожести», прогностической и конструкционной валидности. Previously, we have shown that the inhibitor of proline-specific peptidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DP-IV, EC 3.4.14.5), tripeptide diproptin A administered on postnatal days 5-18 induced emotional and motivational disorders in adolescent and adult rats. These disorders can be considered a model of a mixed anxiety-depression-like disorder. However, validation studies of this model are not available. The aim of this work was to test the effect of the tricyclic antidepressant, imipramine (IMI), on depressive-like behavior in rats and the level of serum corticosterone using the model of mixed anxiety-depressive state. Methods. The level of anxiety was assessed by the automated Elevated Plus Maze test and the depressive-like behavior was evaluated by the forced swimming test in one- and two-month old rats. IMI was administered to adult animals for ten days (20 mg/kg a day, intragastrically). Serum corticosterone concentrations were measured using ELISA. Results. The neonatal exposure to diprotin A increased anxiety in one-month old rats. The depressive-like behavior was observed in animals aged one and two months. IMI normalized behavior of animals in the forced swimming test and reduced serum levels of corticosterone. Also, IMI reduced body weight of rats. Conclusion. The results of the study evidenced adequacy of the model of mixed anxiety-depressive state induced by the DP-IV inhibitor, diprotin A, on the second and third postnatal weeks to the clinical prototype of disease according to criteria of face validity, predictive and construct validity.

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