Antidepressant-like Effect of Baccharis Ilimita in the Forced Swimming Test in Mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kikko ◽  
P. Koerich ◽  
E. Bondan ◽  
F. Nunes ◽  
M. Pizzolatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test

The aim of the present work was to investigate if flowers extract (FE) and leaf extract (LE) of Baccharis ilimita (Asteraceae) induced antidepressant-like effect. Previous phytochemical investigations have shown the presence of structurally and biogenetically diverse secondary metabolites in this gene, such as flavonoids, diterpenes and triterpenes. Male Swiss mice were injected with FE and LE (12.5; 25.0 or 50.0 mg/kg; i.p.) or saline (S) and after 30 min, they were tested in the forced swimming test (FST). The results showed that FE and LE (50 mg/kg) decreased the duration of immobility time in comparison to the control group (S: 114.8s ± 10.23; FE50: 47.52s ± 9.45; LE50: 53.36s ± 10.38). However, the 12.5 and 25.0 mg/kg doses had no effect on the immobility time in comparison to the control group. The FE and LE did not produce any change in ambulation in mice when tested in an open field. The imipramine (IMP; 15.0 mg/kg i.p.) was used as the positive control. Our results suggested that FE and LE of Baccharis ilimita presents antidepressant-like effect in mice. Such results suggest that the antidepressant-like effect may be attributed at lest partially the flavonoids or the interaction of the active(s) principle(s) present in this plant.Descritores:Baccharis ilimita. Forced swimming test. Depression. Mice.

scholarly journals Adenylyl Cyclase (AC) Mediates the Antidepressant-Like Effects of Tropisetron on a Mouse Model of Maternal Separation Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ali Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Shakiba Nasiri Boroujeni ◽  
Elham Saghaei ◽  
Zahra Loriooini ◽  
Saeid Habibian Dehkordi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Adenylyl Cyclase ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Medicinal Properties

The adenylyl cyclase (AC) pathway is involved in the pathophysiology of depression. Finding new antidepressants with high medicinal properties and low side effects is warranted. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the antidepressant-like effect of tropisetron on a maternal separation (MS) model in mice, considering the possible role of AC. NMRI male mice were divided into eleven groups. The control group was treated with saline and MS groups were treated with saline, tropisetron (a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist) at doses of 1, 3, and 5 mg/kg; forskolin (an activator of AC) at doses of 5, 10, and 25 mg/kg; a subeffective dose of forskolin with a subeffective dose of tropisetron; and an effective dose of tropisetron plus an effective dose of NB001 (3 mg/kg) (an AC inhibitor). After treatment, animals were subjected to behavioral tests including the forced swimming test (FST), splash test, and open field test (OFT). We showed that MS caused depressive-like behaviors determined as an increase in the immobility time in the forced swimming test (FST) and decreased grooming time in the splash test. Our results showed that administration of tropisetron, as well as forskolin, mitigated the depressive-like behaviors in MS mice. We found that coadministration of a subeffective dose of tropisetron plus a subeffective dose of forskolin potentiated the antidepressant-like effect of tropisetron. However, coadministration of an effective dose of NB001 with an effective dose of tropisetron did not significantly affect the antidepressant-like effect of tropisetron. We concluded that the antidepressant-like effects of tropisetron on MS mice are partially mediated through the adenylyl cyclase pathway.

scholarly journals Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder Reduced the Scratching Behavior Exaggerated by Chronic Psychological Stress in Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoyi Liu ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Peng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Condensation Product ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Swimming Test

Abstract Objective: To explore the efficacy and possible mechanism of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder in the treatment of scratching behavior worsened by psychological factors. Methods: Male BALB/c mice were divided into control group (CON group), chronic WAS group(WAS group) and chronic WAS + Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder group(DZX group). All mice excluded control group were exposed to 1 h water avoidance stress (WAS) for ten consecutive days. DZX group were given Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder solution by intragastric administration every day, and the other two groups were given the same amount of saline. Twenty-four hours after the last stress session, the mice were injected into the back of the neck with a condensation product of N-methyl-p- methoxyphenethylamine with formaldehyde (compound 48/80), and their scratching behavior was then observed for 120 min. The scratching number was recorded, th histamine levels in the plasma were examined, and the behavioral changes of depression in mice before and after treatment were observed by open field test and forced swimming test. Results: The scratching number was significantly higher in the WAS group than in the DZX group, which still higher than in the CON group. The peak histamine in the plasma after the compound 48/80 injection were also significantly higher in the WAS group in comparison to the DZX group. In terms of depression behavior, the number of standing in the DZX group was more than that in the WAS group and less than that in the CON group, and the immobility time in the forced swimming test was less than that in the WAS group and more than that in the CON group. Conclusion: Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder can relieve the scratching behavior of mice under the influence of WAS, and its possible mechanism is to control the release of histamine and improve the depressive state of mice.

Clinical doses of citalopram or reboxetine differentially modulate passive and active behaviors of female Wistar rats with high or low immobility time in the forced swimming test

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Gisela Flores-Serrano ◽  
María Leonor Vila-Luna ◽  
Fernando José Álvarez-Cervera ◽  
Francisco José Heredia-López ◽  
José Luis Góngora-Alfaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Swimming Test

scholarly journals Antidepressant and Antiamnesic Potential of Foeniculum vulgare

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshan Abbas ◽  
Rahila Ikram ◽  
Faiza Hasan ◽  
Abeer Adil ◽  
Uzair Nisar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Maze ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Group 2

Aim: To evaluate the antiamnesic and antidepressant effect of Foeniculum vulgare whole crushed seeds. Study Design: Laboratory based randomized control study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology, University of Karachi between January 2018 to August 2018.  Methodology: Thirty swiss albino mice and wistar rats were divided equally in three groups. Control group was fed on standard rodent diet, group 2 was fed on 2% Foeniculum vulgare diet and group 3 was given 4% Foeniculum vulgare diet. Antidepressant activity was assessed using forced swimming test. Memory enhancement effect was evaluated by stationary rod test, passive avoidance test and water maze test. Results: Increased duration of struggling time was noted in both group 2 and group 3 as compared to control in forced swimming test. Decrease in time to reach platform in both water maze and stationary rod test was recorded in both the study group (group 2 & 3). Increase in step through latency was also seen in group 2 and group 3 as compared to control group. Conclusion: The results showed the memory enhancing and antidepressant actions of Foeniculum.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the comparison of anti-depressant effects of oral fluoxetine and riluzole in albino rats by using the forced swimming test model

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Hansraj Kumar ◽  
Akash Chandra ◽  
Uma Shankar Prasad Keshri ◽  
Rajiv Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Swimming Test

Background: Depression is a group of disorders results from a combination of multiple etiologic factors- genetic, biochemical, psychodynamic and socio-environmental. A depression consists of following clinical features as sadness, apathy, changes in sleep pattern, impaired concentration, feeling of shame or guilt and thoughts of dying or death. Fluoxetine and riluzole both are used for the treatment of depression in human being. Fluoxetine is SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and riluzole is anxiolytic and mood stabilizer.Methods: Healthy male albino rats weighing between 150-200 grams were taken for the present study. Study animals were divided into three groups randomly with each group consisting of ten animals. Drugs were powdered with help of mortar and pestle and mixed in gum acacia solution. Appropriate volume of the freshly prepared solution was administered orally daily between 9 am to 10 am to all animal as per their individual body weight. Group A administered 1ml of 0.9% normal saline orally and serves as control group. Group B administered 0.4 mg of fluoxetine orally. Group C administered 2 mg of riluzole orally. Animals were evaluated for antidepressant activity using model- forced swimming test.Results: The results in the forced swimming test were assessed by duration of immobility in last 4 minutes of total 6 minute test duration. Antidepressant activity is indicated by the reduction in the duration of immobility i.e. lesser the duration more the efficacy. The results have been expressed as mean±standard deviation of duration of immobility in seconds during 6 minute period.Conclusions: There was significant difference in antidepressant activity of fluoxetine with antidepressant activity of riluzole. Riluzole showed antidepressant activity after two weeks of starting the drugs.

scholarly journals Alpha-terpineol: evaluation and pharmacological screening as an antidepressant agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e191101119571
Author(s):  
Amanda Fonseca Costa Assunção ◽  
Nícolas Davidson Sérvulo Rodrigues ◽  
Andreia Viana da Costa Sampaio ◽  
Karolinny dos Santos Silva ◽  
Laryssa Roque da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Action

Objective: To evaluate the possible antidepressant effects of alpha-terpineol in rodents. Material and Methods: Depression levels were analyzed by comparing the total immobility time presented by the animals of the experimental groups in the test session, using the Forced Swimming Test and the Tail Suspension Test. The parameters of locomotion (central, peripheral and total) and motor coordination were evaluated in the Open Field Test and in the Rota Rod Test, respectively. In the second stage, the involvement of the noradrenergic system in the antidepressant action of alpha-terpineol in Forced Swimming Test was investigated. Results and Discussion: After performing the experimental tests, it was observed that the animals that received alpha-terpineol had reduced immobility time in Forced Swimming Test and Tail Suspension Test, compared to the other groups. In the Open Field Test and Rota-rod, the mice showed, respectively, good exploratory activity and motor coordination during the tests. In addition, the study of the Noradrenergic System proved to be a promising mechanism used during its antidepressant action. Conclusion: In view of the results of the experimental tests, alpha-terpineol presented similar responses to those found in other monoterpenes investigated in the literature. Thus, it is shown as a promising antidepressant to be used clinically in humans, with less side effects and low production cost.

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