Trace element reference values in tissues from inhabitants of the European Community. III. The control of preanalytical factors in the biomonitoring of trace elements in biological fluids

1992 ◽  
Vol 120 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Minoia ◽  
R. Pietra ◽  
E. Sabbioni ◽  
A. Ronchi ◽  
A. Gatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
European Community ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Biological Fluids

Some Aspects of Specimen Collection and Stability in Trace Element Analysis of Body Fluids

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vir D Anand ◽  
James M White ◽  
Hipolito V Nino
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Analyte Concentration ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
Control Procedures

Abstract Analyses for trace elements in biological fluids are uniquely susceptible to extreme errors unless special precautions are taken during collection, storage, and analysis. The integrity of the specimen may be compromised before it is analyzed, by contamination during collection and processing or by attenuation of the analyte concentration during storage. If this happens, determined values are not valid even though the method of analysis is extremely sensitive and highly accurate. Obstacles to obtaining precise and accurate analytical data arising from these factors are discussed. We consider control procedures applicable at all stages for ascertaining the sources of error and eliminating them.

Trace element reference values in tissues from inhabitants of the European community. IV. Influence of dietary factors

1994 ◽  
Vol 141 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 181-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Minoia ◽  
E. Sabbioni ◽  
A. Ronchi ◽  
A. Gatti ◽  
R. Pietra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
European Community ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Dietary Factors

Pedo-geochemical baseline content levels and soil quality reference values of trace elements in soils from the Mediterranean (Castilla La Mancha, Spain)

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimundo Ballesta ◽  
Paz Bueno ◽  
Juan Rubi ◽  
Rosario Giménez
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Geochemical Baseline ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
La Mancha ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractTo evaluate trace element soil contamination, geochemical baseline contents and reference values need to be established. Pedo-geochemical baseline levels of trace elements in 72 soil samples of 24 soil profiles from the Mediterranean, Castilla La Mancha, are assessed and soil quality reference values are calculated. Reference value contents (in mg kg−1) were: Sc 50.8; V 123.2; Cr 113.4; Co 20.8; Ni 42.6; Cu 27.0; Zn 86.5; Ga 26.7; Ge 1.3; As 16.7; Se 1.4; Br 20.1; Rb 234.7; Sr 1868.4; Y 38.3; Zr 413.1; Nb 18.7; Mo 2.0; Ag 7.8; Cd 4.4; Sn 8.7; Sb 5.7; I 25.4; Cs 14.2; Ba 1049.3; La 348.4; Ce 97.9; Nd 40.1; Sm 10.7; Yb 4.2; Hf 10.0; Ta 4.0; W 5.5; Tl 2.3; Pb 44.2; Bi 2.2; Th 21.6; U 10.3. The contents obtained for some elements are below or close to the detection limit: Co, Ge, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Tl and Bi. The element content ranges (the maximum value minus the minimum value) are: Sc 55.0, V 196.0, Cr 346.0, Co 64.4, Ni 188.7, Cu 49.5, Zn 102.3, Ga 28.7, Ge 1.5, As 26.4, Se 0.9, Br 33.0 Rb 432.7, Sr 3372.6, Y 39.8, Zr 523.2, Nb 59.7, Mo 3.9, Ag 10.1, Cd 1.8, Sn 75.2, Sb 9.9, I 68.0, Cs 17.6, Ba 1394.9, La 51.3, Ce 93.5, Nd 52.5, Sm 11.2, Yb 4.2, Hf 11.3, Ta 6.3, W 5.2, Tl 2.1, Pb 96.4, Bi 3.0, Th 24.4, U 16.4 (in mg kg−1). The spatial distribution of the elements was affected mainly by the nature of the bedrock and by pedological processes. The upper limit of expected background variation for each trace element in the soil is documented, as is its range as a criterion for evaluating which sites may require decontamination.

scholarly journals Macromineral and trace element supply in sheep and goats in Austria

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 62-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Schweinzer ◽  
M. Iwersen ◽  
M. Drillich ◽  
T. Wittek ◽  
A. Tichy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Inductively Coupled

The aim of this study was to determine the supply of 25 different macrominerals (calcium, magnesium, potassium) and trace elements (aluminium, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lithium, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silicon, strontium, sulphur, thallium, tin, titanium, uranium, zinc), and to ascertain the presence of any over- or undersupplies. As a second objective, we undertook a comparison of our results with existing reference values from selected literature and from laboratory analyses, with the aim of classifying the obtained results into the following categories: ‘deficiency’, ‘adequate’ and ‘oversupply’. For the study, 16 sheep and four goat farms located in the Austrian states of Upper Austria (n = 12), Carinthia (n = 6) and Vorarlberg (n = 2) were selected. From every farm, five serum blood samples were obtained by puncturing the vena jugularis to evaluate the macromineral and trace element status in clinically sound female sheep (n = 80; 12 different breeds) and female goats (n = 20; Saanen goats, Boer goats). The animals were kept for dairy farming (milking and/or meat production) or for landscaping. The mean age of both sheep and goats was 3.1 years (sheep: min. 0.5, max. 10; goats: min. 1, max. 5); 44% of the studied animals were lactating and 22% were pregnant at the time of sampling. The serum blood samples were sent to a laboratory and analysed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In summary, the supply with macrominerals and trace elements compared with reference values from the laboratory was adequate for As, Ca, Fe and Mg in sheep and for As, Ca, Cu, K, Mg and Se in goats. Although all animals in our study were examined for clinical signs of disease by the local veterinarian, oversupplies in sheep for the elements K and Mo and in goats for Fe as well as undersupplies in sheep and goats for Zn could be found in the serum of the studied animals.

Methylmercury and Trace Element Distribution in the Organs of Stenella coeruleoalba Dolphins Stranded on the French Mediterranean Coast

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Wafo ◽  
Véronique Risoul ◽  
Thérèse Schembri ◽  
Véronique Lagadec ◽  
Frank Dhermain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Trace Element Distribution ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Contamination Levels

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the contamination by mercury (Hg), methylmercury (Me-Hg), cadmium (Cd), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in dolphins stranded on the French Mediterranean coast. The distributions of these contaminants in the organs of dolphins have also been studied. Overall, contamination levels varied according to the following sequence: liver > kidney > lung > muscle, except for cadmium (kidney > liver > lung > muscle). Size and sex of animals were also considered. Young dolphins were less impacted with trace elements than adults, except for copper. Among the studied parameters, the most important appeared to be the size of mammals. In addition, in the case of mercury and selenium, the sex of mammals seemed to be also relevant. The correlations between the concentrations of trace elements suggest the existence of detoxification processes. Since 1990s, using dolphins for tracing marine pollution, a slight reduction in the burden of the considered trace elements could be noted.

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