From skyhooks to walking sticks: On the road to nonrational decision making

New application domains have faded the barriers between humans and robots, introducing a new set of complexities to robotic systems. The major impediment is the uncertainties associated with human decision making, which makes it challenging to predict human behavior. A realistic model of human behavior is thus vital to capture humans’ interactive behavior with their surroundings and provide robots with reliable estimates on what is most likely to happen. Focusing on operations of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) in areas with a high presence of human actors (i.e., pedestrians), this study creates an interactive decision-making framework to predict pedestrians’ trajectories when walking in a shared environment with vehicles and other pedestrians. It develops a game theoretical structure to approximate the movement and directional components of pedestrian motion using the theory of Nash equilibria in non-cooperative games. It also introduces a novel payoff structure to address the inherent uncertainties in human behavior. Ground truth pedestrian trajectories are then used to calibrate the game parameters and evaluate the model’s performance in approximating the motion decisions of human agents in interaction with interfering vehicles and pedestrians. The main contribution of the study is to develop an interactive human–vehicle decision-making framework toward realizing human–vehicle coexistence by capturing the effect of pedestrian–vehicle and pedestrian–pedestrian interactions on choice of walking strategies. The derived knowledge could be used in CAV navigation algorithms to provide the vehicle with more accurate predictions of pedestrian behavior, and in turn, improve CAV motion planning in human-populated areas.

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More obstacles on the road to unification

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x07000830 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 41-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eric Alden Smith

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Human Behavior ◽

Real World ◽

Institutional Constraints ◽

Historical Contingency ◽

Behavioral Sciences ◽

The Road ◽

On The Road

The synthesis proposed by Gintis is valuable but insufficient. Greater consideration must be given to epistemological diversity within the behavioral sciences, to incorporating historical contingency and institutional constraints on decision-making, and to vigorously testing deductive models of human behavior in real-world contexts.

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Application Data Mining Technology in Identifying and Analyzing Decision-Making on the Road Black Spot

ICTIS 2011 ◽

10.1061/41177(415)97 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Hao Wu

Keyword(s):

Data Mining ◽

Decision Making ◽

Black Spot ◽

Mining Technology ◽

The Road ◽

Application Data ◽

On The Road

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A Coupled Model to Simulate Snow Behavior on Roads

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology ◽

10.1175/jam2350.1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 500-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Ludovic Bouilloud ◽

Eric Martin

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Numerical Model ◽

Good Accuracy ◽

Coupled Model ◽

Snow Layer ◽

The Road ◽

Snow Model ◽

On The Road ◽

Water Saturated ◽

Decision Making Tool

Abstract To develop a decision-making tool for road management in winter, a numerical model resulting from the coupling of a soil model and a snow model was developed and validated using experimental results from a comprehensive experimental field campaign during three winters (1997/98, 1998/99, and 1999/2000). The coupling of the models has been done through an implicit calculation of the conduction flux between snow and road. An equivalent thermal resistance has been used to take into account the different road–snow interface configurations. For this purpose, a parameterization of water-saturated snow was introduced. This model permits the simulation of the snow behavior on a road, and it takes into account different interfacial configurations according to snow and road types and the snowpack evolution (freezing, melting, grain type). Comparisons of experimental and simulated results for typical snowfall events or over the entire winter showed that the model was able to simulate road surface temperature, snow occurrence on the road, and snow-layer evolution with good accuracy.

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To cross or not to cross: A closer look at children’s decision-making on the road

Transportation Research Part A Policy and Practice ◽

10.1016/j.tra.2021.04.011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 149 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Kevin Y.K. Leung ◽

Becky P.Y. Loo ◽

K.L. Tsui ◽

F.L. So ◽

Ellen Fok

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

The Road ◽

On The Road

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Return to Driving

Concussion Care Manual ◽

10.1093/med/9780190054793.003.0028 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 155-158

Author(s):

David L. Brody

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Visual Impairment ◽

Cardiac Arrhythmia ◽

Loss Of Consciousness ◽

Source Information ◽

Physical Impairments ◽

The Road ◽

Specialized Service ◽

Financial Consequences ◽

On The Road

Return to driving decision-making can be challenging because the risks of driving need to be balanced with the effects on autonomy and financial consequences. Obtain confidential collateral source information given that the patient may not be aware of his or her own deficits. Assess for definite contraindication including seizures, other cause of intermittent unpredictable loss of consciousness (e.g., sleep attacks, cardiac arrhythmia), performance impairing medications, visual impairment including peripheral fields, psychosis, severe impulsivity, poor decision-making, and physical impairments. Consider an on-the-road driving assessment performed by occupational therapy or a specialized service.

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Towards a Decision-Making Algorithm for Automatic Lane Change Manoeuvre Considering Traffic Dynamics

PROMET - Traffic&Transportation ◽

10.7307/ptt.v28i2.1811 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 91-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Sajjad Samiee ◽

Shahram Azadi ◽

Reza Kazemi ◽

Arno Eichberger

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Lateral Position ◽

Lane Change ◽

Lateral Movement ◽

Traffic Dynamics ◽

The Road ◽

Road Friction ◽

On The Road ◽

Novel Algorithm

This paper proposes a novel algorithm for decision-making on autonomous lane change manoeuvre in vehicles. The proposed approach defines a number of constraints, based on the vehicle’s dynamics and environmental conditions, which must be satisfied for a safe and comfortable lane change manoeuvre. Inclusion of the lateral position of other vehicles on the road and the tyre-road friction are the main advantages of the proposed algorithm. To develop the lane change manoeuvre decision-making algorithm, first, the equations for the lateral movement of the vehicle in terms of manoeuvre time are produced. Then, the critical manoeuvring time is calculated on the basis of the constraints. Finally, the decision is made on the feasibility of carrying out the manoeuvre by comparing the critical times. Numerous simulations, taking into account the tyre-road friction and vehicles’ inertia and velocity, are conducted to compute thecritical times and a model named TUG-LCA is presented based on the corresponding results.

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A UTILIZAÇÃO DA PESQUISA OPERACIONAL PARA RESOLVER PROBLEMA DE LOGÍSTICA EM TRANSPORTE RODOVIÁRIO DE CARGAS

Colloquium Exactarum ◽

10.5747/ce.2018.v10.n4.e250 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 01-08

Author(s):

Marcus Ayrton Rocha de Lima ◽

Douglas Fernandes ◽

Flavio Alberto Oliva

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Road Transport ◽

Microsoft Excel ◽

The Road ◽

Complex Decision Making ◽

Complex Decision ◽

On The Road ◽

Breakeven Point ◽

The City ◽

A Company

Road freight transport is a dynamic, complex and competitive segment that will require quick and accurate decisions from its managers, since the mere fact of making a vehicle available on the road or in the city to meet customer needs does not imply the generation of results positive. Thus, decision-making in this sector should be carefully studied for the survival of the business. The scenario for this study is a fictitious cargo road transport company that, through one of its vehicles, should serve two specific customers. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the employment of Operations Research (OR) as a support in the most complex decision making, based on the Solver resource available in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, aiming to solve a logistics problem and result simulations of a company that provides Recebido em: 08/08/2018Revisado em: 11/08/2018Aprovado em: 18/09/2018 2Colloquium Exactarum, v. 10, n.4,Out-Dez. 2018, p.01–08. DOI: 10.5747/ce.2018.v10.n4.e250transport services, based on constraints inherent to the enterprise in which the objective function must find the breakeven point and maximize the result.

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