EMP-AMPH—A hypercard program to determine the name of an amphibole from electron microprobe analysis according to the International Mineralogical Association scheme

1990 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-IN8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mogessie ◽  
R. Tessadri ◽  
C.B. Veltman
2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-593
Author(s):  
Roberta Oberti ◽  
Massimo Boiocchi ◽  
Frank C. Hawthorne ◽  
Giancarlo Della Ventura ◽  
Gunnar Färber

AbstractPotassic-jeanlouisite, ideally K(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2, is the first characterised species of oxo amphibole related to the sodium–calcium group, and derives from potassic richterite via the coupled exchange CMg–1W${\rm OH}_{{\rm \ndash 2}}^{\ndash}{} ^{\rm C}{\rm Ti}_1^{{\rm 4 +}} {} ^{\rm W}\!{\rm O}_2^{2\ndash} $. The mineral and the mineral name were approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification, IMA2018-050. Potassic-jeanlouisite was found in a specimen of leucite which is found in the lava layers, collected in the active gravel quarry on Zirkle Mesa, Leucite Hills, Wyoming, USA. It occurs as pale yellow to colourless acicular crystals in small vugs. The empirical formula derived from electron microprobe analysis and single-crystal structure refinement is: A(K0.84Na0.16)Σ1.00B(Ca0.93Na1.02Mg0.04${\rm Mn}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 01}}^{2 +} $)Σ2.00C(Mg3.85${\rm Fe}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 16}}^{2 +} $Ni0.01${\rm Fe}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 33}}^{3 +} {\rm V}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 01}}^{3 +} $Ti0.65)Σ5.01T(Si7.76Al0.09Ti0.15)Σ8.00O22W[O1.53F0.47]Σ2.00. The holotype crystal is biaxial (–), with α = 1.674(2), β = 1.688(2), γ = 1.698(2), 2Vmeas. = 79(1)° and 2Vcalc. = 79.8°. The unit-cell parameters are a = 9.9372(10), b = 18.010(2), c = 5.2808(5) Å, β = 104.955(2)°, V = 913.1(2) Å3, Z = 2 and space group C2/m. The strongest eight reflections in the powder X-ray pattern [d values (in Å) (I) (hkl)] are: 2.703 (100) (151); 3.380 (87) (131); 2.541 (80) ($\bar 2$02); 3.151 (70) (310); 3.284 (68) (240); 8.472 (59) (110); 2.587 (52) (061); 2.945 (50) (221,$\bar 1$51).


2004 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mogessie ◽  
K. Ettinger ◽  
B. E. Leake

AbstractIn 2004, the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) amended the IMA 97 amphibole classification and nomenclature scheme byadding a fifth group to include the recently discovered B(LiNa) amphiboles ferriwhittakeriite and ferri-ottoliniite, which cannot be fitted into the four major amphibole groups. New root-names such as sodic-pedrizite in the Mg-Fe-Mn-Li group and obertiite and dellaventuraite in the sodic group along with two new prefixes, parvo and magno have also been added. As result it has become necessary to modify the AMPH-IMA97 amphibole-naming program. The new program (AMPH-IMA04) allows single input or automatic input of as many amphibole analyses as are available following a set input format. Any of three different calculation schemes for dealing with an amphibole analysis can be chosen: (1) complete chemical analyses can be calculated to 24(O,OH,F,Cl); (2) analyses with determined FeO and Fe2O3, MnO and Mn2O3 but without H2O can be calculated to 23(O); and (3) electron microprobe analyses with only total Fe determined and without H2O can be calculated to 23(O) with IMA97-recommended normalization for Fe3+ and Fe2+ values. In addition a stoichiometric calculation of Mn2+ and Mn3+ is considered and implemented for the Mn-bearing sodic amphiboles in order to take care of electron microprobe analyses of such amphiboles where the total Mn is given as Mn2+.


Author(s):  
R. I. Johnsson-Hegyeli ◽  
A. F. Hegyeli ◽  
D. K. Landstrom ◽  
W. C. Lane

Last year we reported on the use of reflected light interference microscopy (RLIM) for the direct color photography of the surfaces of living normal and malignant cell cultures without the use of replicas, fixatives, or stains. The surface topography of living cells was found to follow underlying cellular structures such as nuceloli, nuclear membranes, and cytoplasmic organelles, making possible the study of their three-dimensional relationships in time. The technique makes possible the direct examination of cells grown on opaque as well as transparent surfaces. The successful in situ electron microprobe analysis of the elemental composition and distribution within single tissue culture cells was also reported.This paper deals with the parallel and combined use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the two previous techniques in a study of living and fixed cancer cells. All three studies can be carried out consecutively on the same experimental specimens without disturbing the cells or their structural relationships to each other and the surface on which they are grown. KB carcinoma cells were grown on glass coverslips in closed Leighto tubes as previously described. The cultures were photographed alive by means of RLIM, then fixed with a fixative modified from Sabatini, et al (1963).


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