The effect of sampling time on radiation-induced translocation yield in spermatogonial stem cells of male mice, differing in chromosomal constitution and sexual activity

1990 ◽  
Vol 245 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
M.C.A. Wessels-Kaalen ◽  
R. Bakker ◽  
P. de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Chromosomal Constitution ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Radiation-induced toxicity in rectal epithelial stem cell contributes to acute radiation injury in rectum

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Rodriguez Tirado ◽  
Payel Bhanja ◽  
Eduardo Castro-Nallar ◽  
Ximena Diaz Olea ◽  
Catalina Salamanca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cre Recombinase ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Rectal Injury ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Pelvic Irradiation ◽  
Pelvic Malignancies ◽  
Radiation Induced

Abstract Background Radiation-induced rectal epithelial damage is a very common side effect of pelvic radiotherapy and often compromise the life quality and treatment outcome in patients with pelvic malignancies. Unlike small bowel and colon, effect of radiation in rectal stem cells has not been explored extensively. Here we demonstrate that Lgr5-positive rectal stem cells are radiosensitive and organoid-based transplantation of rectal stem cells mitigates radiation damage in rectum. Methods C57Bl6 male mice (JAX) at 24 h were exposed to pelvic irradiation (PIR) to determine the radiation effect in pelvic epithelium. Effect of PIR on Lgr5-positive rectal stem cells (RSCs) was determined in Lgr5-EGFP-Cre-ERT2 mice exposed to PIR. Effect of PIR or clinically relevant fractionated PIR on regenerative response of Lgr5-positive RSCs was examined by lineage tracing assay using Lgr5-eGFP-IRES-CreERT2; Rosa26-CAG-tdTomato mice with tamoxifen administration to activate Cre recombinase and thereby marking the ISC and their respective progeny. Ex vivo three-dimensional organoid cultures were developed from Lgr5-EGFP-Cre-ERT2 mice. Organoid growth was determined by quantifying the budding crypt/total crypt ratio. Organoids from Lgr5-EGFP-ires-CreERT2-TdT mice were transplanted in C57Bl6 male mice exposed to PIR. Engraftment and repopulation of Lgr5-positive RSCs were determined after tamoxifen administration to activate Cre recombinase in recipient mice. Statistical analysis was performed using Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test and paired two-tail t test. Result Exposure to pelvic irradiation significantly damaged rectal epithelium with the loss of Lgr5+ve rectal stem cells. Radiosensitivity of rectal epithelium was also observed with exposure to clinically relevant fractionated pelvic irradiation. Regenerative capacity of Lgr5+ve rectal stem cells was compromised in response to fractionated pelvic irradiation. Ex vivo organoid study demonstrated that Lgr5+ve rectal stem cells are sensitive to both single and fractionated radiation. Organoid-based transplantation of Lgr5+ve rectal stem cells promotes repair and regeneration of rectal epithelium. Conclusion Lgr5-positive rectal stem cells are radiosensitive and contribute to radiation-induced rectal epithelial toxicity. Transplantation of Lgr5-positive rectal stem cells mitigates radiation-induced rectal injury and promotes repair and regeneration process in rectum.

scholarly journals Non-random chromosomal involvement in radiation-induced translocations in mouse spermatogonial stem cells

Mutagenesis ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul P.W.van Buul ◽  
Iris M. Zandman ◽  
A.T Natarajan ◽  
J.W.A Boei
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Paternal Exposure to Bisphenol-A Transgenerationally Impairs Testis Morphology, Germ Cell Associations, and Stemness Properties of Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5408
Author(s):  
Polash Chandra Karmakar ◽  
Jin Seop Ahn ◽  
Yong-Hee Kim ◽  
Sang-Eun Jung ◽  
Bang-Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

Bisphenol-A (BPA) exposure in an adult male can affect the reproductive system, which may also adversely affect the next generation. However, there is a lack of comprehensive data on the BPA-induced disruption of the association and functional characteristics of the testicular germ cells, which the present study sought to investigate. Adult male mice were administered BPA doses by gavage for six consecutive weeks and allowed to breed, producing generations F1–F4. Testis samples from each generation were evaluated for several parameters, including abnormal structure, alterations in germ cell proportions, apoptosis, and loss of functional properties of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). We observed that at the lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) dose, the testicular abnormalities and alterations in seminiferous epithelium staging persisted in F0–F2 generations, although a reduced total spermatogonia count was found only in F0. However, abnormalities in the proportions of germ cells were observed until F2. Exposure of the male mice (F0) to BPA alters the morphology of the testis along with the association of germ cells and stemness properties of SSCs, with the effects persisting up to F2. Therefore, we conclude that BPA induces physiological and functional disruption in male germ cells, which may lead to reproductive health issues in the next generation.

scholarly journals The Potent Humanin Analogue (HNG) Protects Germ Cells and Leucocytes While Enhancing Chemotherapy-Induced Suppression of Cancer Metastases in Male Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (12) ◽  
pp. 4511-4521 ◽  
Author(s):  
YanHe Lue ◽  
Ronald Swerdloff ◽  
Junxiang Wan ◽  
Jialin Xiao ◽  
Samuel French ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Cancer Metastases

Humanin is a peptide that is cytoprotective against stresses in many cell types. We investigated whether a potent humanin analogue S14G-humanin (HNG) would protect against chemotherapy-induced damage to normal cells without interfering with the chemotherapy-induced suppression of cancer cells. Young adult male mice were inoculated iv with murine melanoma cells. After 1 week, cancer-bearing mice were randomized to receive either: no treatment, daily ip injection of HNG, a single ip injection of cyclophosphamide (CP), or CP+HNG and killed at the end of 3 weeks. HNG rescued the CP-induced suppression of leucocytes and protected germ cell from CP-induced apoptosis. Lung metastases were suppressed by HNG or CP alone, and further suppressed by CP+HNG treatment. Plasma IGF-1 levels were suppressed by HNG with or without CP treatment. To investigate whether HNG maintains its protective effects on spermatogonial stem cells, sperm output, and peripheral leucocytes after repeated doses of CP, normal adult male mice received: no treatment, daily sc injection of HNG, 6 ip injections of CP at 5-day intervals, and the same regimens of CP+HNG and killed at the end of 4 weeks of treatment. Cauda epididymal sperm counts were elevated by HNG and suppressed by CP. HNG rescued the CP-induced suppression of spermatogonial stem cells, sperm count and peripheral leucocytes. We conclude that HNG 1) protects CP-induced loss of male germ cells and leucocytes, 2) enhances CP-induced suppression of cancer metastases, and 3) acts as a caloric-restriction mimetic by suppressing IGF-1 levels. Our findings suggest that humanin analogues may be promising adjuvants to chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Spermatogenesis in testes of Dazl null mice after transplantation of wild-type germ cells

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
R R ◽  
R Speed ◽  
M Taggart ◽  
HJ Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Meiotic Prophase ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Wild Type

Dazl knockout male mice are infertile because their germ cells are unable to complete the first meiotic prophase in the first wave of spermatogenesis and thereafter decrease in number due to a block at the A-aligned to A1 transition. The ability of the surviving somatic components of the testes to retain their function in the absence of mature germ cells was tested by injecting marked wild-type germ cell suspensions containing spermatogonial stem cells. Comparison of the frequency and extent of colonization of Dazl knockout testes with that of testes chemically depleted of germ cells showed little if any difference. It was concluded that Dazlko testes seem unimpaired in their ability to support spermatogenesis. Therefore, Dazlko testes provide a useful and reliable recipient in which to evaluate spermatogonial stem cells. The results furthermore demonstrate that the somatic compartment of the testis of these animals retains functionality.

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