Type I diabetes — an autoimmune disease?

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 225-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Kolb
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Type I

scholarly journals Increased Autoimmunity in Individuals With Down Syndrome and Moyamoya Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Santoro ◽  
Sarah Lee ◽  
Anthony C. Wang ◽  
Eugenia Ho ◽  
Deepti Nagesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Type I ◽  
Moyamoya Syndrome ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome

Objective: To determine if elevated rates of autoimmune disease are present in children with both Down syndrome and moyamoya disease given the high rates of autoimmune disease reported in both conditions and unknown etiology of angiopathy in this population.Methods: A multi-center retrospective case-control study of children with Down syndrome and moyamoya syndrome, idiopathic moyamoya disease, and Down syndrome without cerebrovascular disease was performed. Outcome measures included presence of autoimmune disease, presence of autoantibodies and angiopathy severity data. Comparisons across groups was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis, χ2 and multivariate Poisson regression.Results: The prevalence of autoimmune disease were 57.7, 20.3, and 35.3% in persons with Down syndrome and moyamoya syndrome, idiopathic moyamoya disease, and Down syndrome only groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The prevalence of autoimmune disease among children with Down syndrome and moyamoya syndrome is 3.2 times (p < 0.001, 95% CI: 1.82–5.58) higher than the idiopathic moyamoya group and 1.5 times (p = 0.002, 95% CI: 1.17–1.99) higher than the Down syndrome only group when adjusting for age and sex. The most common autoimmune diseases were thyroid disorders, type I diabetes and Celiac disease. No individuals with idiopathic moyamoya disease had more than one type of autoimmune disorder while 15.4% of individuals with Down syndrome and moyamoya syndrome and 4.8% of individuals with Down syndrome only had >1 disorder (p = 0.05, 95%CI: 1.08–6.08).Interpretation: This study reports elevated rates of autoimmune disease in persons with Down syndrome and moyamoya syndrome providing a nidus for study of the role of autoimmunity in angiopathy in this population.

scholarly journals Increased Circulating T Follicular Helper Cells in Iranian Children with Type I Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Arab ◽  
Maryam Razzaghy-azar ◽  
Zahra Salehi ◽  
Maryam Keshavarz ◽  
Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Type I ◽  
T Follicular Helper Cells ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Follicular Helper ◽  
Iranian Children

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease resulting from the damage of pancreatic

Determine Theadverse Effects of Formula Milk on Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1501-1503
Author(s):  
K. Sheikh ◽  
Gulshad . ◽  
S. S. A. Naqvi ◽  
I. Wagan ◽  
A. Maher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Type I ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Low Weight

Objective: To determine the adverse effects of formula milk in infants presented to our institution. Study Design: Retrospective/observational Place and Duration:The study was conducted at Paediatric Department of Liaquat University Medical Hospital Jamshoro and Civil Hospital Khairpur Mir's. Methodology: Total 85 formula-fed infants of both genders with ages upto 2 years were included in this study. Detailed demographics including age, sex, weight, residence and socio-economic status were recorded after taking informed written consent from guardians/parents. Adverse effects such as iron deficiency, low weight, gastroenteritis, type I diabetes mellitus and autoimmune disease were examined. Data was analyzed by SPSS 24.0. Results: There were 45 (52.94%) females whiles 40 (47.06%) were males. Mean age was 1.86±1.02 years. 52 (61.18%) patients had urban residence and majority 50 (58.82%) had high socio-economic status. Iron deficiency was found in 38 (44.71%) infants, 32 (37.65%) infants had abnormal low weight, 24 (28.24%) had gastroenteritis/diarrhea, 18 (21.18%) infants had type I diabetes and 14 (16.47%) infants had autoimmune disease. Conclusion: It is concluded that formula milk was associated with many of adverse effects, the most common was iron deficiency and low weight. Mothers should be aware of these adverse effects of formula fed. Keywords: Formula Milk, Infants, Iron Deficiency, Low Weight, Infection, Type I Diabetes

Type I diabetes as a chronic autoimmune disease

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Eisenbarth ◽  
R.C. Nayak ◽  
S.L. Rabinowe
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Type I ◽  
Chronic Autoimmune Disease

Electron microscopy analysis of degenerating pancreatic ß cells in transgenic mice expressing the MHC Class I antigen Dd

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
T. A. Stewart ◽  
D. Liggitt ◽  
S. Pitts ◽  
L. Martin ◽  
M. Siegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Type I ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Mhc Molecules ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
Class Ii Mhc ◽  
Ifn Γ

Insulin-dependant (Type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from the lack of endogenous insulin secretion. The disease is thought to result from the autoimmune mediated destruction of the insulin producing ß cells within the islets of Langerhans. The disease process is probably triggered by environmental agents, e.g. virus or chemical toxins on a background of genetic susceptibility associated with particular alleles within the major histocompatiblity complex (MHC). The relation between IDDM and the MHC locus has been reinforced by the demonstration of both class I and class II MHC proteins on the surface of ß cells from newly diagnosed patients as well as mounting evidence that IDDM has an autoimmune pathogenesis. In 1984, a series of observations were used to advance a hypothesis, in which it was suggested that aberrant expression of class II MHC molecules, perhaps induced by gamma-interferon (IFN γ) could present self antigens and initiate an autoimmune disease. We have tested some aspects of this model and demonstrated that expression of IFN γ by pancreatic ß cells can initiate an inflammatory destruction of both the islets and pancreas and does lead to IDDM.

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