68A Analyzing multiple endpoints from multiple time periods with multiple groups: The PEPI cohort

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 71S
Author(s):  
Claudine Legault
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Time ◽  
Multiple Endpoints ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Multiple Groups

scholarly journals Evolution of anatomical concept usage over time: Mining 200 years of biodiversity literature

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashanti Manda ◽  
Todd J Vision
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Concept Drift ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Temporal Data Mining ◽  
Temporal Data ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Historic Record ◽  
Concept Usage ◽  
Over Time

The scientific literature contains an historic record of the changing ways in which we describe the world. Shifts in understanding of scientific concepts are reflected in the introduction of new terms and the changing usage and context of existing ones. We conducted an ontology-based temporal data mining analysis of biodiversity literature from the 1700s to 2000s to quantitatively measure how the context of usage for vertebrate anatomical concepts has changed over time. The corpus of literature was divided into nine non-overlapping time periods with comparable amounts of data and context vectors of anatomical concepts were compared to measure the magnitude of concept drift both between adjacent time periods and cumulatively relative to the initial state. Surprisingly, we found that while anatomical concept drift between adjacent time periods was substantial (55% to 68%), it was of the same magnitude as cumulative concept drift across multiple time periods. Such a process, bound by an overall mean drift, fits the expectations of a mean-reverting process.

Women’s Bodies, Femininity, and Spacetimemattering: A Baradian Analysis of the Activewear Phenomenon

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Julie E. Brice
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Feminist Politics ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Hegemonic Femininity

Over the past decade, activewear has become a booming international business and cultural phenomenon. It has simultaneously been critiqued for its pervasive neoliberal, postfeminist, and healthism rhetoric and the ways it continues to (re)produce hegemonic femininity. In this paper, the author drew upon new materialist theory, specifically Karen Barad’s concept of spacetimemattering, to contribute to this body of literature, providing an alternative perspective on the production of femininity and feminist politics within activewear. Using a Baradian-inspired approach, this paper brought various material-discourses and events from multiple time periods into dialogue with the activewear phenomenon to (re)think the production of femininity. Specifically, the analysis explored how activewear entanglements across various spatiotemporalities challenge appearance-based femininity and increase the visibility (and acceptance) of the moving female body. Through this exploration, the author provided a way to (re)imagine feminist politics that are embedded in women’s everyday fitness practices.

Chasing Martians

2020 ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
David A. Weintraub
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal System ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Subsurface Environment ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Abundant Supply ◽  
River Valleys

This chapter reviews the question of whether life could exist on Mars today as certain conditions must hold true in order for chemically based life to develop and take root. It points out that Mars has ancient, dried-up river valleys, deltas, and lake-like formations, and the Sun shines brightly on Mars. It also describes Mars' abundant supply of atmosphere and soil that supply a handful of bio-essential elements: carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur. The chapter looks at evidence that was summarized in 2016 by Ray Arvidson and James S. McDonnell, which reveals multiple time periods when Mars was warm enough and wet enough for long enough to support life. It mentions the Opportunity rover that explored the ancient wide Endeavor Crater and found that the crater generated a hydrothermal system that would have produced a relatively habitable subsurface environment.

River flow forecasting for multiple time periods

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Burn
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filtering ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Filtering Algorithm ◽  
River Flow Forecasting ◽  
Forecast Precision ◽  
Time Periods

The performance of a river flow forecasting model employing a Kalman filtering algorithm was evaluated for increasing forecast lead times. The expected decrease in forecast accuracy was quantified and a decrease in forecast precision was noted for increased lead times. The merits of external estimates of meteorological inputs to the model were evaluated through an examination of different forecasting options. It was revealed that even noisy estimates of meteorological events improved the flow forecasts. Key words: forecasting, Kalman filter, real time, precipitation, snowmelt.

Development of rail transit network over multiple time periods

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 235-250
Author(s):  
Ya-Ting Peng ◽  
Zhi-Chun Li ◽  
Paul Schonfeld
Keyword(s):  
Rail Transit ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Transit Network ◽  
Time Periods

An Examination of the Temporal Intricacies of Job Engagement

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1711-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morela Hernandez ◽  
Cristiano L. Guarana
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Organizational Identification ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Multinational Company ◽  
Job Engagement ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Psychological Meaningfulness

In this article, we theoretically develop and test the temporal intricacies of job engagement. Drawing on the attention view of social cognition, we examine the interplay of employees’ temporally relevant perspectives of fit (i.e., retrospected, current, and anticipated) within their ongoing membership to the organization. Utilizing field data gathered from a large multinational company over multiple time periods, we found support for a conditional indirect effect model. Specifically, our findings showed that current needs-supply (NS) fit accounted for two of the previously investigated antecedents of job engagement (i.e., psychological meaningfulness and safety), especially when organizational identification was low. Moreover, anticipated perceptions of NS fit fully mediated the influences of psychological meaningfulness and availability on job engagement. The mediating effect relating to psychological availability was also especially pronounced when organizational identification was low. By shedding light on employees’ temporally constructed psychological experiences, our research suggests that job engagement is not only affected by employees’ contemporaneous understandings of their jobs but also influenced by their perceptions of anticipated opportunities.

scholarly journals Estimation of causal effects of a time-varying exposure at multiple time points through Multivariable Mendelian randomization

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Sanderson ◽  
Tom G Richardson ◽  
Tim T Morris ◽  
Kate Tilling ◽  
George Davey Smith
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Mendelian Randomisation ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Multiple Time Points

Mendelian Randomisation (MR) is a powerful tool in epidemiology to estimate the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome in the presence of unobserved confounding, by utilising genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs) for the exposure. The effects obtained from MR studies are often interpreted as the lifetime effect of the exposure in question. However, the causal effects of many exposures are thought to vary throughout an individual's lifetime and there may be periods during which an exposure has more of an effect on a particular outcome. Multivariable MR (MVMR) is an extension of MR that allows for multiple, potentially highly related, exposures to be included in an MR estimation. MVMR estimates the direct effect of each exposure on the outcome conditional on all of the other exposures included in the estimation. We explore the use of MVMR to estimate the direct effect of a single exposure at different time points in an individual's lifetime on an outcome. We use simulations to illustrate the interpretation of the results from such analyses and the key assumptions required. We show that causal effects at different time periods can be estimated through MVMR when the association between the genetic variants used as instruments and the exposure measured at those time periods varies, however this estimation will not necessarily identify exact time periods over which an exposure has the most effect on the outcome. We illustrate the method through estimation of the causal effects of childhood and adult BMI on smoking behaviour.

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