Low energy, high current density ion implantation of materials at elevated temperatures for tribological applications

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wei
Keyword(s):  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Current

High current density, low energy, ion implantation of AISI-M2 tool steel for tribological applications

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Wilbur ◽  
J.A. Davis ◽  
R. Wei ◽  
J.J. Vajo ◽  
D.L. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Current

Void Elongation Phenomena Observed in Polycrystalline Cu Interconnects at a High Current Density Stressing Conditions

1997 ◽  
Vol 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shingubara ◽  
S. Kajiwara ◽  
T. Osaka ◽  
H. Sakaue ◽  
T. Takahagi
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Morphological Change ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
High Current ◽  
Cu Interconnects ◽  
Electric Field Direction

ABSTRACTFormation and morphological change of voids induced by electromigration in polycrystalline Cu interconnects on TiN have been investigated at various current density conditions at elevated temperatures. At first voids were formed at grain boundaries, then they grew further to elongate in the electric field direction. Void elongation parameter (a ratio of void diameters in longitudinal to lateral directions to the electric field) was 2.53 when the current density was 9×106A/cm2, while it was 1.31 when the current density was 3×106A/cm2at 400°C, 50h. Occurrence of void elongation is enhanced with increase in current density, and its relationship to grain boundaries are discussed by FIB-SIM image analysis.

High current-density broad-beam boron ion implantation

1997 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Wilbur ◽  
J.A. Davis ◽  
D.L. Williamson ◽  
J.J. Vajo ◽  
R. Wei
Keyword(s):  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
High Current ◽  
Broad Beam

Coralloid Au enables high-performance Zn-CO2 battery and self-driven CO production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanshuang Gao ◽  
Mengmeng Jin ◽  
Jiaqiang Sun ◽  
Xijun Liu ◽  
Shusheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Co2 Fixation ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
High Current ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Low Energy Consumption

The electrocatalytic CO2 conversion with high current density and low energy consumption are dimerous key factors for practical CO2 fixation. Herein, coralloid Au was prepared via a facile electrodeposition approach,...

High current density ion beam obtained by a transition to a highly focused state in extremely low-energy region

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 113303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hirano ◽  
S. Kiyama ◽  
Y. Fujiwara ◽  
H. Koguchi ◽  
H. Sakakita
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Current
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