'Vestibular compensation: neural plasticity and its relations to functional recovery after labyrinthine lesions in frogs and other vertebrates

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 97-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Dieringer
Keyword(s):  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Vestibular Compensation

scholarly journals Subanesthetic ketamine reactivates adult cortical plasticity to restore vision from amblyopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven F. Grieco ◽  
Xin Qiao ◽  
Xiaoting Zheng ◽  
Yongjun Liu ◽  
Lujia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Excitatory Input ◽  
Inhibitory Neurons ◽  
List Type ◽  
Visual Cortical

SummarySubanesthetic ketamine evokes rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects in human patients. The mechanism for ketamine’s effects remains elusive, but ketamine may broadly modulate brain plasticity processes. We show that single-dose ketamine reactivates adult mouse visual cortical plasticity and promotes functional recovery of visual acuity defects from amblyopia. Ketamine specifically induces down-regulation of neuregulin-1 (NRG1) expression in parvalbumin-expressing (PV) inhibitory neurons in mouse visual cortex. NRG1 downregulation in PV neurons co-tracks both the fast onset and sustained decreases in synaptic inhibition to excitatory neurons, along with reduced synaptic excitation to PV neurons in vitro and in vivo following a single ketamine treatment. These effects are blocked by exogenous NRG1 as well as PV targeted receptor knockout. Thus ketamine reactivation of adult visual cortical plasticity is mediated through rapid and sustained cortical disinhibition via downregulation of PV-specific NRG1 signaling. Our findings reveal the neural plasticity-based mechanism for ketamine-mediated functional recovery from adult amblyopia.Highlights○ Disinhibition of excitatory cells by ketamine occurs in a fast and sustained manner○ Ketamine evokes NRG1 downregulation and excitatory input loss to PV cells○ Ketamine induced plasticity is blocked by exogenous NRG1 or its receptor knockout○ PV inhibitory cells are the initial functional locus underlying ketamine’s effects

scholarly journals Modeling Vestibular Compensation: Neural Plasticity Upon Thalamic Lesion

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Reuss ◽  
Elena Siebrecht ◽  
Ulla Stier ◽  
Hans-Georg Buchholz ◽  
Nicole Bausbacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Vestibular Compensation ◽  
Thalamic Lesion

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Interlimb-Coordinated Intervention on Gait and Motor Function Recovery in Patients with Acute Stroke: A Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial Study Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1495
Author(s):  
Wai-Leung Ambrose Lo ◽  
Dandan Chen ◽  
Jiangli Zhao ◽  
Yan Leng ◽  
Ruihao Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Conventional Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Functional Rehabilitation ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: The efficacy of interlimb-coordinated training on gait and upper limb functional improvement remains unclear. The latest published randomized controlled trials have supported the potential benefits of interlimb-coordinated training to enhance gait function. Upper limb functional recovery may also benefit from interlimb-coordinated training since most everyday activities require the coordinated use of both hands to complete a task. This study investigates the efficacy of interlimb-coordinated training on gait and upper limb functional recovery over a short-medium term period. Methods: A total of 226 acute stroke patients will be recruited from four centres over four years. Patients will be randomly allocated to either conventional therapy or conventional therapy plus interlimb-coordinated training. Outcomes will be recorded at baseline, after 2 weeks of intervention, and at 3- and 6-months post-intervention. Gait speed is the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures include Fugl–Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go test, Action Research Arm Test, electroencephalography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion: The results of this trial will provide an in-depth understanding of the efficacy of early interlimb-coordinated intervention on gait and upper functional rehabilitation and how it may relate to the neural plasticity process.

scholarly journals Neural plasticity and its contribution to functional recovery

2013 ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Sharma ◽  
Joseph Classen ◽  
Leonardo G. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Neural Plasticity
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document