The eye in the brain: retinoic acid effects morphogenesis of the eye and pathway selection of axons but not the differentiation of the retina in Xenopus laevis

1991 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Manns ◽  
B. Fritzsch
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Selection Of

Magnetoencephalography and the Cortical Dynamics of Language Processing

2019 ◽  
pp. 114-153
Author(s):  
Riitta Salmelin ◽  
Jan Kujala ◽  
Mia Liljeström
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Neural Processing ◽  
Powerful Method ◽  
Cortical Dynamics ◽  
Brain Correlates ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Selection Of

When seeking to uncover the brain correlates of language processing, timing and location are of the essence. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) offers them both, with the highest sensitivity to cortical activity. MEG has shown its worth in revealing cortical dynamics of reading, speech perception, and speech production in adults and children, in unimpaired language processing as well as developmental and acquired language disorders. The MEG signals, once recorded, provide an extensive selection of measures for examination of neural processing. Like all other neuroimaging tools, MEG has its own strengths and limitations of which the user should be aware in order to make the best possible use of this powerful method and to generate meaningful and reliable scientific data. This chapter reviews MEG methodology and how MEG has been used to study the cortical dynamics of language.

Distribution of pro-opiomelanocortin and its peptide end products in the brain and hypophysis of the aquatic toad, Xenopus laevis

1998 ◽  
Vol 292 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tuinhof ◽  
R. Ubink ◽  
S. Tanaka ◽  
C. Atzori ◽  
F. J. C. van Strien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
End Products ◽  
The Brain

TISSUE DISTRIBUTION OF IMMUNOREACTIVE SOMATOSTATIN IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN CLAWED TOAD (XENOPUS LAEVIS)

1979 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. SHAPIRO ◽  
M. SHEPPARD ◽  
S. KRONHEIM ◽  
B. L. PIMSTONE
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
South African ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Gut Peptides ◽  
The South ◽  
The Brain

Immunoreactive somatostatin is present in the brain, gut and pancreas of the South African clawed toad, but is absent from the skin, a rich source of many other brain–gut peptides.

Steady-state levels of pro-dynorphin-related end-products from the brain of the amphibian, Xenopus laevis

1989 ◽  
Vol 479 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Sei ◽  
Robert Richard ◽  
Robert M. Dores
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
End Products ◽  
Steady State Levels ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Understanding Mental Health and Cognitive Restructuring With Ecological Neuroscience

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Crum
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

Neuroimaging and neuropsychological methods have contributed much toward an understanding of the information processing systems of the human brain in the last few decades, but to what extent do cognitive neuroscientific findings represent and generalize to the inter- and intra-brain dynamics engaged in adapting to naturalistic situations? If it is not marked, and experimental designs lack ecological validity, then this stands to potentially impact the practical applications of a paradigm. In no other domain is this more important to acknowledge than in human clinical neuroimaging research, wherein reduced ecological validity could mean a loss in clinical utility. One way to improve the generalizability and representativeness of findings is to adopt a more “real-world” approach to the development and selection of experimental designs and neuroimaging techniques to investigate the clinically-relevant phenomena of interest. For example, some relatively recent developments to neuroimaging techniques such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) make it possible to create experimental designs using naturalistic tasks that would otherwise not be possible within the confines of a conventional laboratory. Mental health, cognitive interventions, and the present challenges to investigating the brain during treatment are discussed, as well as how the ecological use of fNIRS might be helpful in bridging the explanatory gaps to understanding the cultivation of mental health.

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