Acute adjustment of thermal tolerance in vertebrate ectotherms following exposure to critical thermal maxima

1980 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Maness ◽  
Victor H. Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Critical Thermal Maxima

scholarly journals Conservatism of lizard thermal tolerances and body temperatures across evolutionary history and geography

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20121056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Grigg ◽  
Lauren B. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Common Ancestry ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Limits ◽  
Critical Thermal Maxima ◽  
Thermoregulatory Behaviour ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Species may exhibit similar thermal tolerances via either common ancestry or environmental filtering and local adaptation, if the species inhabit similar environments. We ask whether upper and lower thermal limits (critical thermal maxima and minima) and body temperatures are more strongly conserved across evolutionary history or geography for lizard populations distributed globally. We find that critical thermal maxima are highly conserved with location accounting for a higher proportion of the variation than phylogeny. Notably, thermal tolerance breadth is conserved across the phylogeny despite critical thermal minima showing little niche conservatism. Body temperatures observed during activity in the field show the greatest degree of conservatism, with phylogeny accounting for most of the variation. This suggests that propensities for thermoregulatory behaviour, which can buffer body temperatures from environmental variation, are similar within lineages. Phylogeny and geography constrain thermal tolerances similarly within continents, but variably within clades. Conservatism of thermal tolerances across lineages suggests that the potential for local adaptation to alleviate the impacts of climate change on lizards may be limited.

Thermal tolerance of the marine crab, Portunus pelagicus (Brachyura, Portunidae)

Crustaceana ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 827-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Qari
Keyword(s):  
Blue Crab ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Blue Crabs ◽  
Portunus Pelagicus ◽  
Critical Thermal Maxima ◽  
Acclimation Response

Critical thermal maxima (CTMax) and minima (CTMin) were determined for the blue crab, Portunus pelagicus acclimated at 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35° ± 1°C. The CTMax of blue crabs at those acclimation temperatures were 38.17, 39.08, 40.07, 41.26, and 42.66°C, respectively. The corresponding CTMin values were 12.28, 12.57, 14.84, 16.34, and 16.57°C, respectively. The zone of thermal tolerance assessed using the CTMax and CTMin boundaries was 519.7°C2. Acclimation response ratios ranged between 0.05 and 0.28.

Thermal tolerance in the tree lizard (Urosaurus ornatus) from a desert population and a low montane population

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 2066-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey R. Smith ◽  
Royce E. Ballinger
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Desert Environment ◽  
Urosaurus Ornatus ◽  
Critical Thermal Maxima ◽  
Tree Lizard ◽  
Two Populations

We studied the thermal tolerance of two populations of the tree lizard Urosaurus ornatus from a desert environment in southwestern New Mexico and a low montane environment in southeastern Arizona. In general, there were no differences in thermal tolerance between the two populations. Desert individuals tended to have higher panting thresholds in the summer than low montane individuals, whereas the reverse held for late summer and fall. Males had lower critical thermal maxima than females in the low montane population, but there was no difference in the desert population. Thermal tolerance varied from month to month, tolerances being highest during the summer. Thermal tolerance was related to body size (measured as both snout–vent length and body mass), explaining up to 39% of the variance.

scholarly journals Thermal Inactivation of Susceptible and Multiantimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella Strains Grown in the Absence or Presence of Glucose

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 4123-4128 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Bacon ◽  
J. R. Ransom ◽  
J. N. Sofos ◽  
P. A. Kendall ◽  
K. E. Belk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
Acid Adaptation ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Peptone Water

ABSTRACT The heat resistance of susceptible and multiantimicrobial-resistant Salmonella strains grown to stationary phase in glucose-free tryptic soy broth supplemented with 0.6% yeast extract (TSBYE−G; nonadapted), in regular (0.25% glucose) TSBYE, or in TSBYE−G with 1.00% added glucose (TSBYE+G; acid adapted) was determined at 55, 57, 59, and 61°C. Cultures were heated in sterile 0.1% buffered peptone water (50 μl) in heat-sealed capillary tubes immersed in a thermostatically controlled circulating-water bath. Decimal reduction times (D values) were calculated from survival curves having r 2 values of >0.90 as a means of comparing thermal tolerance among variables. D 59°C values increased (P < 0.05) from 0.50 to 0.58 to 0.66 min for TSBYE−G, TSBYE, and TSBYE+G cultures, respectively. D 61°C values of antimicrobial-susceptible Salmonella strains increased (P < 0.05) from 0.14 to 0.19 as the glucose concentration increased from 0.00 to 1.00%, respectively, while D 61°C values of multiantimicrobial-resistant Salmonella strains did not differ (P > 0.05) between TSBYE−G and TSBYE+G cultures. When averaged across glucose levels and temperatures, there were no differences (P > 0.05) between the D values of susceptible and multiantimicrobial-resistant inocula. Collectively, D values ranged from 4.23 to 5.39, 1.47 to 1.81, 0.50 to 0.66, and 0.16 to 0.20 min for Salmonella strains inactivated at 55, 57, 59, and 61°C, respectively. zD values were 1.20, 1.48, and 1.49°C for Salmonella strains grown in TSBYE+G, TSBYE, and TSBYE−G, respectively, while the corresponding activation energies of inactivation were 497, 493, and 494 kJ/mol. Study results suggested a cross-protective effect of acid adaptation on thermal inactivation but no association between antimicrobial susceptibility and the ability of salmonellae to survive heat stress.

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