scholarly journals Thermal Inactivation of Susceptible and Multiantimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella Strains Grown in the Absence or Presence of Glucose

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 4123-4128 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Bacon ◽  
J. R. Ransom ◽  
J. N. Sofos ◽  
P. A. Kendall ◽  
K. E. Belk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
Acid Adaptation ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Peptone Water

ABSTRACT The heat resistance of susceptible and multiantimicrobial-resistant Salmonella strains grown to stationary phase in glucose-free tryptic soy broth supplemented with 0.6% yeast extract (TSBYE−G; nonadapted), in regular (0.25% glucose) TSBYE, or in TSBYE−G with 1.00% added glucose (TSBYE+G; acid adapted) was determined at 55, 57, 59, and 61°C. Cultures were heated in sterile 0.1% buffered peptone water (50 μl) in heat-sealed capillary tubes immersed in a thermostatically controlled circulating-water bath. Decimal reduction times (D values) were calculated from survival curves having r 2 values of >0.90 as a means of comparing thermal tolerance among variables. D 59°C values increased (P < 0.05) from 0.50 to 0.58 to 0.66 min for TSBYE−G, TSBYE, and TSBYE+G cultures, respectively. D 61°C values of antimicrobial-susceptible Salmonella strains increased (P < 0.05) from 0.14 to 0.19 as the glucose concentration increased from 0.00 to 1.00%, respectively, while D 61°C values of multiantimicrobial-resistant Salmonella strains did not differ (P > 0.05) between TSBYE−G and TSBYE+G cultures. When averaged across glucose levels and temperatures, there were no differences (P > 0.05) between the D values of susceptible and multiantimicrobial-resistant inocula. Collectively, D values ranged from 4.23 to 5.39, 1.47 to 1.81, 0.50 to 0.66, and 0.16 to 0.20 min for Salmonella strains inactivated at 55, 57, 59, and 61°C, respectively. zD values were 1.20, 1.48, and 1.49°C for Salmonella strains grown in TSBYE+G, TSBYE, and TSBYE−G, respectively, while the corresponding activation energies of inactivation were 497, 493, and 494 kJ/mol. Study results suggested a cross-protective effect of acid adaptation on thermal inactivation but no association between antimicrobial susceptibility and the ability of salmonellae to survive heat stress.

scholarly journals Aside Adapte ve Adapte Olmayan Durağan Faz Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica Typhimurium ve Listeria monocytogenes’in Nar Suyundaki Termal Direnci

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1000
Author(s):  
Zeynal Topalcengiz ◽  
Sefa Işık ◽  
Yusuf Alan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Pomegranate Juice ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Acid Adaptation ◽  
E Coli

The purpose of this study was to investigate the thermal resistance of acid adapted and non-adapted stationary phase Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes in pomegranate juice. In addition, the performance of generic E. coli was evaluated as an indicator. Non-adapted stationary phase cells were grown by incubating inoculated tryptic soy broth without glucose (TSB-NG) at 36±1°C for 18±2 hours. Tryptic soy broth with 1% glucose (10 g/l; TSBG) was used for acid adaptation. All media used for L. monocytogenes was supplemented with 0.6% yeast extract. After washing the cells with peptone, 5 ml of pasteurized pomegranate juice was added onto the pellet to obtain inoculated juice with a initial concentration of 107-1010 log CFU/ml. Inoculated pomegranate juice was sealed into the microcapillary tubes. Microtubes were heat treated in waterbaths at 50, 52 and 54±1°C by immersing at pre-determined time intervals. Survived populations were counted on tryptic soy agar (TSA). S. Typhimurium had the lowest thermal resistance in pomegranate juice. At 50°C, E. coli O157:H7 was the most resistant, whereas L. monocytogenes was more thermally tolerant at 52 and 54°C. Acid adaptation decreased the thermal resistance of E. coli O157:H7, but increased the heat resistance of L. monocytogenes at all tested temperatures significantly. Thermal tolerance of S. Typhimurium increased only at 50°C. The most resistant microorganism was non-adapted generic E. coli at 50 and 52°C; acid-adapted L. monocytogenes had the most thermal tolerance at 54°C. Thermal inactivation of microorganisms in pomegranate juice could be tested at lower temperatures compare to other fruit juices. This may be due to the natural antimicrobial effect and more acidic content of pomegranate juice.

Modeling the Effects of Temperature, Sodium Chloride, and Green Tea and Their Interactions on the Thermal Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes in Turkey†

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 1696-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIJAY K. JUNEJA ◽  
JIMENA GARCIA-DÁVILA ◽  
JULIO CESAR LOPEZ-ROMERO ◽  
ETNA AIDA PENA-RAMOS ◽  
JUAN PEDRO CAMOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
D Values

The interactive effects of heating temperature (55 to 65°C), sodium chloride (NaCl; 0 to 2%), and green tea 60% polyphenol extract (GTPE; 0 to 3%) on the heat resistance of a five-strain mixture of Listeria monocytogenes in ground turkey were determined. Thermal death times were quantified in bags that were submerged in a circulating water bath set at 55, 57, 60, 63, and 65°C. The recovery medium was tryptic soy agar supplemented with 0.6% yeast extract and 1% sodium pyruvate. D-values were analyzed by second-order response surface regression for temperature, NaCl, and GTPE. The data indicated that all three factors interacted to affect the inactivation of the pathogen. The D-values for turkey with no NaCl or GTPE at 55, 57, 60, 63, and 65°C were 36.3, 20.8, 13.2, 4.1, and 2.9 min, respectively. Although NaCl exhibited a concentration-dependent protective effect against heat lethality on L. monocytogenes in turkey, addition of GTPE rendered the pathogen more sensitive to the lethal effect of heat. GTPE levels up to 1.5% interacted with NaCl and reduced the protective effect of NaCl on heat resistance of the pathogen. Food processors can use the predictive model to design an appropriate heat treatment that would inactivate L. monocytogenes in cooked turkey products without adversely affecting the quality of the product.

scholarly journals LEVELS OF HORMONES TRIIODOTHYRONINE AND PLASMA BLOOD GLUCOSE BROILER STARTER DUE TO HEAT STRESS AND PRELIMINARY DIFFERENCE FEEDING TIME

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 421-427
Author(s):  
Liborio Ximenes ◽  
Pratiwi Trisunuwati ◽  
Muharlien
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Low Temperature Treatment

The study was conducted to know blood glucose and triiodothyronine levels of broiler starter due to heat stress and different initial-time feeding. The material used in this study was 64 male DOC broilers of Lohmann strain with the average initial weight of 47.98 ± 2.24 g. The experiment was designed based on randomized block design with a 2x2 factorial and four replications. The treatment combinations as follow: S1W1 = low temperature, feeding 12 hours post-hatching; S1W2 = low temperature, feeding 24 hours post-hatching; S2W1 = high temperature, feeding 12 hours post-hatching; S2W2 = high temperature, feeding 24 hours post-hatching. The Data were Analyzed by using ANOVA. If there was a significant effect (P <0.05) or very significant effect (P <0.01) in Followed by Duncan's test. The result Showed that heat stress treatment significantly affected (P <0.05) to the triiodothyronine level, while initial feeding treatment had no significant effect. Also, blood glucose levels had no significant effect due to the treatments. It concluded that heat stress negatively affected by the blood glucose and triiodothyronine levels of broiler starter. The initial-time feeding has no effect on the blood glucose and triiodothyronine levels. Interactions between treatment and different temperature-time initial feeding have no effect. Nevertheless, the low temperature treatment and initial feeding of 12 hours post-hatching shows the best results with blood glucose 246.25 ± 9.91 mg / dl and triiodothyronine of 2.05 ± 0.14 ng / ml.

COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF DEXAMETHASONE ON THE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL IN PREGNANT AND NON-PREGNANT WOMEN UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2277-2280
Author(s):  
Hanan Fawzi ◽  
Alaa Hussen Ali
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Anesthetic Drugs ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations

The aim: To compared blood glucose concentrations after intravenous injection of dexamethasone in the pregnant and non-pregnant women under general anesthesia. Materials and methods: Eighty patients aged 18-50 years took part in the study (ASA class 1 and 2). Forty of patients were undergoing elective cesarean section under G/A and the other forty undergoing elective laparoscopic Cholecystectomy under G/A. Anesthesia was induced using IV anesthetic drugs (0.5mg/kg ketamine, sleeping dose of propofol up to 2mg/kg, muscle relaxant was 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium and maintained with isoflurane). All of patients have been injected with 0,1mg/kg dexamethasone intravenously, at induction of anesthesia, Blood glucose concentrations were measured at induction and then in 60min, 180min and in 360 min after injection of dexamethasone and results were compared between the groups; IV fluid added was normal saline (0.9%) during the study. Results: Regarding to blood glucose levels, we noticed that its level significantly increased over time and peaked in 180min after dexamethasone injection in both groups. The difference percentage between the lower reading (pre injection) and the upper reading (in 180min after) was 33.5% in pregnant woman and 46.2%for non-pregnant women, this difference was statistically significant relative to the pre injection, as this difference was lower in the pregnant women. In 360min after blood glucose level began to drop in both groups. After giving 0.1 mg/kg of dexamethasone, blood glucose level increased in both groups, but it was lower in pregnant women.

Hyperglycemia and Sickness

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-517
Author(s):  
Michael Klein ◽  
Arthur Kopelman ◽  
Ruth Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Frequent Occurrence ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Glucose Feeding ◽  
Group 3

Dweck and Cassady1 have done an excellent job of bringing to our attention the frequent occurrence of hyperglycemia in very small premature infants. They implicate as the major cause of this phenomenon glucose infusion rates of &gt;0.4 gm/kg/hr. Based on the association between the highest glucose and osmolality values in their series and intraventricular hemorrhage, they imply causality. The authors suggest further that oral glucose feeding confers a protective effect against hyperglycemia. The premature infants in the authors group 3, those with serum glucose levels of 300 mg/100 ml, have the lowest birth weights.

Abstract 165: In-hospital Serum HbA1c and Glucose Levels and 30-Day Hospital Readmissions Among Adults Hospitalized with an Acute Coronary Syndrome: TRACE-CORE

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel A Erskine ◽  
Molly E Waring ◽  
Joel M Gore ◽  
Jerry H Gurwitz ◽  
Darleen M Lessard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Day Hospital ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Objective: Abnormalities in glucose metabolism may worsen the prognosis of patients hospitalized with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We examined the association of in-hospital serum glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels with the occurrence of 30-day hospital readmissions among adults discharged from the hospital after an ACS. Methods: Using data from the Transitions, Risks, and Action in Coronary Events - Center for Outcomes Research and Education (TRACE-CORE) study, we reviewed the medical records of 2,187 patients discharged from 6 hospitals in MA and GA after an ACS between 2011 and 2013. We stratified patients according to diabetes mellitus (DM) status at baseline, as defined by medical history of DM, admission medications, or a serum HbA1c > 6.5%. Using logistic regression models, we calculated crude and adjusted odds ratios to estimate the association between serum HbA1c and glucose levels during hospitalization with 30-day all-cause readmissions. We controlled for prior and inpatient insulin use, age, body mass index, ACS classification, length of stay, and hospital site. Results: Data on serum HbA1c and glucose levels were available for 1,102 (50%) participants. This study sample had a mean age of 60 (SD: 11) years, 68% were male, 77% were non-Hispanic white, and 52% had DM. The mean in-hospital serum HbA1c and maximum and minimum serum glucose levels were 8.2%, 277 mg/dL, and 101 mg/dL, respectively, for those with known DM (n = 526) and 5.7%, 155 mg/dL, and 92 mg/dL for those without known DM (n = 576). A higher, but non-significant, proportion of patients with DM (14%) were readmitted to an area medical center within 30 days of discharge compared to those without DM (11%, p = 0.27). Neither serum HbA1c levels, nor minimum or maximum glucose values during hospitalization were associated with all-cause 30-day readmissions among those with and without DM (Table). Conclusions: In this prospective study of adults with an ACS, we found no significant association between serum HbA1c or glucose levels with the occurrence of 30-day hospital readmissions. The low proportion of subjects with serum HbA1c testing may have biased the study results. Further investigation should examine the in-hospital management of ACS patients with varying serum glucose and HBA1C levels and their post-discharge outcomes.

Effect of heat stress on glucose kinetics during exercise

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1594-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hargreaves ◽  
Damien Angus ◽  
Kirsten Howlett ◽  
Nelly Marmy Conus ◽  
Mark Febbraio
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Glucose Kinetics ◽  
Pulmonary Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Glucose Output

Hargreaves, Mark, Damien Angus, Kirsten Howlett, Nelly Marmy Conus, and Mark Febbraio. Effect of heat stress on glucose kinetics during exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(4): 1594–1597, 1996.—To identify the mechanism underlying the exaggerated hyperglycemia during exercise in the heat, six trained men were studied during 40 min of cycling exercise at a workload requiring 65% peak pulmonary oxygen uptake (V˙o 2 peak) on two occasions at least 1 wk apart. On one occasion, the ambient temperature was 20°C [control (Con)], whereas on the other, it was 40°C [high temperature (HT)]. Rates of glucose appearance and disappearance were measured by using a primed continuous infusion of [6,6-2H]glucose. No differences in oxygen uptake during exercise were observed between trials. After 40 min of exercise, heart rate, rectal temperature, respiratory exchange ratio, and plasma lactate were all higher in HT compared with Con ( P < 0.05). Plasma glucose levels were similar at rest (Con, 4.54 ± 0.19 mmol/l; HT, 4.81 ± 0.19 mmol/l) but increased to a greater extent during exercise in HT (6.96 ± 0.16) compared with Con (5.45 ± 0.18; P < 0.05). This was the result of a higher glucose rate of appearance in HT during the last 30 min of exercise. In contrast, the glucose rate of disappearance and metabolic clearance rate were not different at any time point during exercise. Plasma catecholamines were higher after 10 and 40 min of exercise in HT compared with Con ( P < 0.05), whereas plasma glucagon, cortisol, and growth hormone were higher in HT after 40 min. These results indicate that the hyperglycemia observed during exercise in the heat is caused by an increase in liver glucose output without any change in whole body glucose utilization.

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