Manipulation of rumen fluid pH and its influence on cellulolysis in sacco, dry matter degradation and the rumen microflora of sheep offered either hay or concentrate

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.L. Mould ◽  
E.R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Dry Matter Degradation ◽  
Rumen Microflora ◽  
In Sacco

Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast culture supplement on ruminal metabolism in buffalo calves given a high concentrate diet

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Kumar ◽  
V. K. Sareen ◽  
S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
In Sacco

AbstractThe effect of inclusion of live yeast culture (YC, Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) in a high concentrate diet given to buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves on the rumen microbial population and fermentation pattern and in sacco dry matter disappearance of dietary constituents was examined. Six rumen-fistulated buffalo calves of about 120 kg live iveight were divided into two equal groups. The control group was given a diet consisting of, on a dry-matter basis, 0·90 kg ivheat straw, 1 kg berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) and ISO kg concentrate per day per calf and the yeast group the above diet plus 5 g YC which was put directly into the rumen via the fistula. After feeding this diet for 6 weeks (supplementation period), inclusion of YC was stopped and both groups were given the control diet for a period of 3 weeks to examine the performance of the YC group after withdrawal of YC. At week 4 of YC supplementation the pH was significantly increased (P < 0·01) and lactate concentration was decreased (P < 0·01) in the rumen fluid for up to 6 h post feeding. The number of total bacteria, total viable bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, amylolytic bacteria and protozoa were increased proportionately by 0·554 (P < 002), 0·482 (P<0·01), 0·670 (P <0·01), 0·077 (P > 0·05) and 0·079 (P>0·05), respectively. The concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, particularly at 4 h post feeding (P < 0·01), acetate fP < 0·01) and propionate and the acetate to propionate ratio were higher in the YC compared with the control group. On YC inclusion, the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen was decreased while that of trichloracetic acid insoluble protein was marginally increased. All these differences in rumen variables started to disappear on YC withdrawal and values returned to control levels by the 3rd week after YC withdrawal. YC supplementation increased the in sacco dry-matter disappearance of various dietary components particularly after 3, 6 and 22 h incubation.

Profile of isoacids in rumen fluid and influence of added isoacids on in sacco dry matter disappearance of untreated and ammonia treated wheat straw

1988 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Flachowsky ◽  
D. C. Maria Matthey ◽  
W. I. Ochrimenko ◽  
Dai M. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
In Sacco

The use of fresh or thawed rumen fluid containing glycerol or particle associated microbes to estimate in vitro degradation of feeds

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 149-149
Author(s):  
R. Mohamed ◽  
A. S. Chaudhry ◽  
P. Rowlinson
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Dry Matter Degradation

Thawed rumen contents have been used to obtain strained rumen fluid (SRF) to estimate in vitro dry matter degradation (DMD) of feeds (Mohamed et al., 2002). However, thawed SRF (TSRF) gave lower DMD than fresh SRF (FSRF) which was partly attributed to reduced microbial activity in TRSF following storage at -20°C. This study examined the addition of glycerol (G) as cryopreservative and washing from particle associated microbes to SRF before its storage for later use as TSRF to estimate in vitro degradation of rapeseed meal (Rsd) and grass nut (Gnt).

Comparison between reconstituted sheep faeces and rumen fluid inocula and between in vitro and in sacco digestibility methods as predictors of intake and in vivo digestibility

1996 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Nsahlai ◽  
N. N. Umunna
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
In Sacco

SUMMARYThis study (conducted in Debre Zeit, Ethiopia in 1993) examined (i) the effect of source of inoculum on in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility (1VDMD) and gas production (GP) and (ii) the IVDMD, GP and in sacco degradability as predictors of in vivo DM digestibility (DMD) and intake. Six ruminally cannulated male sheep (used in the degradability studies and from which rumen fluid was harvested for the in vitro studies) and six intact sheep (from which faeces for reconstitution was obtained) were given teff straw ad libitum supplemented with 200 g/day of concentrate (1:1 mixture of noug (Guizotia abyssinica) cake and wheat middlings). In determining IVDMD on 26 feeds, pepsin-HC1 digestion was replaced with neutral detergent extraction. Microbial GP was measured on these feeds incubated with rumen fluid or reconstituted faeces inocula at various time periods. The degradability of each feed was determined by the nylon bag technique in three sheep. Eighty-eight intact male Ethiopian Menz type sheep (mean liveweight 256 (S.D. = 1·98) kg) were used in a randomized complete block experiment to determine intake and digestibility.Gas production using faeces inoculum (GP-F) was strongly related to GP using rumen fluid inoculum (GP-R) particularly at 48 h (R2 = 0·85; P <0·001) of incubation. The IVDMD obtained with reconstituted sheep faeces inoculum (IVDMD-F) had a strong positive relationship (R2 = 0·88; P <0·0001) with IVDMD measured using rumen fluid (IVDMD-R). The IVDMD values obtained by centrifugation were positively related to those obtained by filtration for the rumen fluid (R2 = 0·61) and reconstituted faeces (R2 = 0·47) inocula.The relationship between degradability and in vivo DMD was generally poor for roughages but improved with the length of incubation for forage legumes, being strongest at 24 h (R2 = 0·54). The in vivo DMD had the strongest relationship with GP-R at 24 h of incubation for roughages (R2 = 0·64) and legumes (R2 = 0·84). Dry matter degradability was poorly related to DM intake for roughages (R2 <0·10), while these were closely related for legumes particularly at 6 h of incubation (R2 = 0·55). The relationship between GP-R and intake was strongest at 12 h of incubation for roughages (R2 = 0·41) but was generally weak for legumes. The IVDMD accounted for a very low proportion of the variation in intake of roughages and legume forages. The gas production method was the best among the methods tested in predicting voluntary roughage intake, but not the intake of legumes. The nylon bag technique gave the best predictors (solubility, rate constant ‘c’ and Lag phase) of legume intake (R2 = 0·98).The discussion suggests explanations for why the nylon bag technique predicted performance from forage legumes better than from roughages, why the technique was much better as a predictor of intake than of in vivo DMD, and why the gas production technique predicted in vivo DMD and not the intake of legumes. Reconstituted faeces inoculum may replace rumen fluid inoculum in in vitro procedures. The IVDMD method is a less accurate predictor of in vivo DMD than GP and rumen degradability constants. Both feed factors and practices inherent in the methodologies may modify the predictiveness of indirect digestibility methods.

Investigation of dry matter degradation and acidotic effect of some feedstuffs by means of in sacco and in vitro incubations

1995 ◽  
Vol 51 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 297-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. de Smet ◽  
J.L. de Boever ◽  
D.L. de Brabander ◽  
J.M. Vanacker ◽  
Ch.V. Boucqué
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Degradation ◽  
In Sacco
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