scholarly journals Quantum electrodynamics in an external constant field

1985 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 435-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. Batalin ◽  
E.S. Fradkin ◽  
SH.M. Shvartsman
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Constant Field

scholarly journals Photon polarization tensor in circularly polarized Hermite- and Laguerre-Gaussian beams

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (07n08) ◽  
pp. 1850044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Karbstein ◽  
Elena A. Mosman
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Field Approximation ◽  
Constant Field ◽  
Polarization Tensor ◽  
Photon Polarization ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Polarized Beams ◽  
Effective Lagrangian ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
The One

We derive analytical expressions for the photon polarization tensor in circularly polarized Hermite-Gaussian (HG) and Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams, complementing the corresponding results for linearly polarized beams obtained recently. As they are based upon a locally constant field approximation of the one-loop Heisenberg–Euler effective Lagrangian for quantum electrodynamics (QED) in constant fields, our results are generically limited to slowly varying electromagnetic fields, varying on spatial (temporal) scales much larger than the Compton wavelength (time) of the electron.

Research on expanding the range of reproduction of magnetic flux density of the DC field of the state primary standard GET12-2011

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Vladlen Ya. Shifrin ◽  
Denis I. Belyakov ◽  
Alexander E. Shilov ◽  
Denis D. Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Frequency Conversion ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Primary Standard ◽  
Uncertainty Budget ◽  
The State ◽  
State Primary Standard ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Constant Field

The results of works aimed at increasing the level of uniformity of measurements of the magnetic induction of a constant field – the basic value in the field of magnetic measurements. A set of equipment for reproducing a unit of magnetic induction of a constant field in the range of 1–25 mT was created and described. The inclusion of this complex in the State primary standard of units of magnetic induction, magnetic flux, magnetic moment and magnetic induction gradient GET 12-2011 will ensure the reproduction and direct transmission of the unit of permanent magnetic induction in the ranges of not only weak (10–3–1 mT), but medium (1–25 mT) and strong (0.025–1 T) magnetic fields. A quantum cesium magnetometer based on the resolved structure of cesium atoms was created to transmit the unit of magnetic induction to the region of medium fields. The procedure for calculating the frequency conversion coefficients to magnetic induction of the created quantum cesium magnetometer is described. The uncertainty budget for reproducing a unit of magnetic induction of a constant field using the created complex is estimated.

Energy, Information, and Superluminal Speed in Quantum Electrodynamics

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Boris A. Veklenko
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Excited Atom ◽  
Standard Quantum ◽  
Energy Information

Without using the perturbation theory, the article demonstrates a possibility of superluminal information-carrying signals in standard quantum electrodynamics using the example of scattering of quantum electromagnetic field by an excited atom.

Micro-Thermal Field-Flow Fractionation

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1596-1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Janča
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Thermal Field ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Constant Field ◽  
Field Flow Fractionation ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
Flow Fractionation

The effect of miniaturization of the separation channel on the performance of thermal field-flow fractionation (TFFF) is substantiated theoretically. The experiments carried out under carefully chosen experimental conditions proved the high performance of the separation of polymers within an extended range of molar masses from relatively low up to ultrahigh-molar-mass (UHMM) samples. The new micro-TFFF allows to achieve high resolution when applying constant field force operation, it makes easy the programming of the temperature drop which is an advantageous operational mode from the point of view of the time of analysis, and it extends considerably the range of perfectly controlled temperature of the cold wall due to a substantial decrease in the heat energy flux compared with standard size channels.

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