Modular subgroups, odd spin structures, and gauge invariance in the heterotic string

1987 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 653-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Gross ◽  
Paul F. Mende
1988 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 91-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bershadsky

In this paper we discuss the notion of superbranch point. The conformal field simulating the superbranch point is constructed. Using this field we construct the two-loop correction in the heterotic string theories (for the theories with gauge groups SO (32) and E8×E8). The contribution from different spin structures cancel each other but only up to the total derivative over the moduli space.


1987 ◽  
Vol 02 (06) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEN-JI HAMADA ◽  
JIRO KODAIRA ◽  
JUICHI SAITO

We consider the heterotic string in arbitrary background gauge fields. The full gauge Chern-Simons terms are shown to be reproduced in the divergent terms of the corresponding sigma model to the two-loop order. The role of the Chern-Simons terms is discussed from the viewpoint of the local gauge invariance.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara B. Anderson ◽  
James Gray ◽  
Andre Lukas ◽  
Juntao Wang

Abstract The superpotential in four-dimensional heterotic effective theories contains terms arising from holomorphic Chern-Simons invariants associated to the gauge and tangent bundles of the compactification geometry. These effects are crucial for a number of key features of the theory, including vacuum stability and moduli stabilization. Despite their importance, few tools exist in the literature to compute such effects in a given heterotic vacuum. In this work we present new techniques to explicitly determine holomorphic Chern-Simons invariants in heterotic string compactifications. The key technical ingredient in our computations are real bundle morphisms between the gauge and tangent bundles. We find that there are large classes of examples, beyond the standard embedding, where the Chern-Simons superpotential vanishes. We also provide explicit examples for non-flat bundles where it is non-vanishing and non-integer quantized, generalizing previous results for Wilson lines.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Akil ◽  
Xi Tong

Abstract We point out the necessity of resolving the apparent gauge dependence in the quantum corrections of cosmological observables for Higgs-like inflation models. We highlight the fact that this gauge dependence is due to the use of an asymmetric background current which is specific to a choice of coordinate system in the scalar manifold. Favoring simplicity over complexity, we further propose a practical shortcut to gauge-independent inflationary observables by using effective potential obtained from a polar-like background current choice. We demonstrate this shortcut for several explicit examples and present a gauge-independent prediction of inflationary observables in the Abelian Higgs model. Furthermore, with Nielsen’s gauge dependence identities, we show that for any theory to all orders, a gauge-invariant current term gives a gauge-independent effective potential and thus gauge-invariant inflationary observables.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Bossard ◽  
Axel Kleinschmidt ◽  
Ergin Sezgin

Abstract We construct a pseudo-Lagrangian that is invariant under rigid E11 and transforms as a density under E11 generalised diffeomorphisms. The gauge-invariance requires the use of a section condition studied in previous work on E11 exceptional field theory and the inclusion of constrained fields that transform in an indecomposable E11-representation together with the E11 coset fields. We show that, in combination with gauge-invariant and E11-invariant duality equations, this pseudo-Lagrangian reduces to the bosonic sector of non-linear eleven-dimensional supergravity for one choice of solution to the section condi- tion. For another choice, we reobtain the E8 exceptional field theory and conjecture that our pseudo-Lagrangian and duality equations produce all exceptional field theories with maximal supersymmetry in any dimension. We also describe how the theory entails non-linear equations for higher dual fields, including the dual graviton in eleven dimensions. Furthermore, we speculate on the relation to the E10 sigma model.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiya Ishiguro ◽  
Tatsuo Kobayashi ◽  
Hajime Otsuka

Abstract We study the impacts of matter field Kähler metric on physical Yukawa couplings in string compactifications. Since the Kähler metric is non-trivial in general, the kinetic mixing of matter fields opens a new avenue for realizing a hierarchical structure of physical Yukawa couplings, even when holomorphic Yukawa couplings have the trivial structure. The hierarchical Yukawa couplings are demonstrated by couplings of pure untwisted modes on toroidal orbifolds and their resolutions in the context of heterotic string theory with standard embedding. Also, we study the hierarchical couplings among untwisted and twisted modes on resolved orbifolds.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Blanco ◽  
Andreas van Hameren ◽  
Piotr Kotko ◽  
Krzysztof Kutak

Abstract We calculate one loop scattering amplitudes for arbitrary number of positive helicity on-shell gluons and one off-shell gluon treated within the quasi-multi Regge kinematics. The result is fully gauge invariant and possesses the correct on-shell limit. Our method is based on embedding the off-shell process, together with contributions needed to retain gauge invariance, in a bigger fully on-shell process with auxiliary quark or gluon line.


1990 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kataoka ◽  
Hikaru Sato
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Baumgartner ◽  
Jaiyul Yoo
Keyword(s):  

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