Studies with High and Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oil in Man

The effects of including 5 or 15% of high (regular) and low (Span) erucic acid rapeseed oils or soybean oil on productive performance, total lipid and fatty acid content of egg yolk, and distribution of fatty acids in egg yolk fat were studied. Feed intake varied according to the dietary energy content. However, 15% high erucic acid rapeseed oil decreased feed intake and egg production in comparison with 15% low erucic acid rapeseed oil or soybean oil. Hens receiving rations containing soybean oil produced larger eggs in the treatment than in the pre-treatment period. Five percent regular rapeseed oil in the diet led to a small increase in egg weight, whereas inclusion of 15% regular rapeseed oil in the diet led to a decrease in egg weight. Diets containing the Span oil gave intermediate results. Although the total lipid and total fatty acid content in egg yolk remained constant, the fatty acid composition changed significantly with the experimental diets. The concentration of saturated fatty acids in eggs produced by hens fed diets containing the regular rapeseed oil or low erucic acid rapeseed oil (Span oil) decreased only to a small extent and not in proportion to the amount of these fatty acids present in the diets; but the oleic acid concentration in eggs produced by the hens fed diets containing the rapeseed oil was high. Only 0.2% of erucic acid was found in eggs when 15% regular rapeseed oil was fed to laying hens. The laying hen seems to be able to maintain the level of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in yolk lipids in a physiological range. The results indicate that in the laying hen, a partial degradation of erucic acid to gadoleic acid and oleic acid takes place.

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Blending of hydrogenated low-erucic acid rapeseed oil, low-erucic acid rapeseed oil, and hydrogenated palm oil or palm oil in the preparation of shortenings

Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society ◽

10.1007/s11746-003-0822-x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 80 (11) ◽

pp. 1069-1075 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Sabine Danthine

Keyword(s):

Erucic Acid ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Low Erucic Acid

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The Effect of Commercial Processing on the Nutritional and Cardiopathological Quality of Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oil

Canadian Institute of Food Science and Technology Journal ◽

10.1016/s0315-5463(83)72069-9 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 111-115

Author(s):

E.R. Farnworth ◽

J.K.G. Kramer ◽

J.D. Jones ◽

B.K. Thompson ◽

A.H. Corner

Keyword(s):

Erucic Acid ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Commercial Processing ◽

Low Erucic Acid

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Hydrogenation of Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oil

Fette Seifen Anstrichmittel ◽

10.1002/lipi.19830850302 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 99-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P. S. Puri ◽

J. M. De Man

Keyword(s):

Erucic Acid ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Low Erucic Acid

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PERFORMANCE AND HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN TISSUES OF PIGS FED DIETS CONTAINING HIGH OR LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OILS OR SOYBEAN OIL

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas75-010 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 77-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

F. X. AHERNE ◽

J. P. BOWLAND ◽

H. VOGTMANN ◽

R. T. HARDIN ◽

R. G. CHRISTIAN

Keyword(s):

Soybean Oil ◽

Erucic Acid ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Caloric Intake ◽

Histological Changes ◽

High Erucic Acid ◽

High Erucic Acid Rapeseed ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Pig Performance ◽

Low Erucic Acid

Three experiments were conducted to compare high (20.6%) or low (4.0%) erucic acid rapeseed oils with soybean oil when the oils were fed at a level of 15% of the diet for pigs from 25 to 90 kg liveweight. The low erucic acid rapeseed oil originated from Brassica campestris cv. Span. A fourth diet containing no supplemental oil served as a control. In one experiment, 48 crossbred pigs were fed ad libitum in groups of three pigs replicated four times. In a second experiment, 48 pigs were individually fed at a level of 80% of the daily caloric intake of the pigs in the first experiment. In a third experiment, 16 pigs in four groups were allowed continuous free-choice access to the four diets. Serial slaughter and digestibility data were obtained. The incorporation of high or low erucic acid rapeseed oil in the diets did not reduce pig performance when such diets were fed either ad libitum or at a restricted level. When given a choice of feed, pigs selected less of the high erucic acid rapeseed oil diet. When not given a choice of feed, pigs consumed as much of a high erucic acid rapeseed oil diet as they did of the other diets. Digestibility coefficients for energy, nitrogen and lipids were not significantly different for any of the three oil-containing diets. Histological examination of the heart, liver and spleen revealed no marked differences due to feeding any of the oil-based diets.

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Relationship between lipid parameters and the occurrence and severity of lesions in the heart : a study on rats fed low erucic acid rapeseed oil

Reproduction Nutrition Development ◽

10.1051/rnd:19890307 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 293-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Rocquelin ◽

P. Juaneda ◽

P. O. Astorg ◽

A. Grynberg ◽

M. Degois ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Erucic Acid ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Low Erucic Acid ◽

Lipid Parameters

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EVALUATION OF LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OIL FED TO MONKEYS: CARDIAC LIPIDS, HISTOCHEMISTRY AND PATHOLOGY

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas78-035 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 257-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

J. K. G. KRAMER ◽

H. W. HULAN ◽

B. G. PROCTER ◽

G. RONA ◽

M. G. MANDAVIA

Keyword(s):

Soybean Oil ◽

Erucic Acid ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Macaca Fascicularis ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Myocardial Damage ◽

Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽

Low Erucic Acid ◽

Myocardial Lesions

Male and female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), equally divided as to sex, were fed, up to 24 wk, diets which contained 20% by weight of either soybean oil or Brassica napus cv. Tower rapeseed oil which contained 0.2% erucic acid. Long-chain monoenes appeared to accumulate in the cardiac lipids of both sexes fed Tower rapeseed oil. Histochemical studies suggested no myocardial damage associated with the feeding of either diet. Histopathological examination of the hearts of monkeys fed the two diets showed that only two male monkeys fed soybean oil for 24 wk had myocardial lesions, and these were multiple small foci of mononuclear cells. The results indicate that Tower rapeseed oil is indistinguishable from soybean oil in its nutritional and pathological properties.

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VITAMIN E AND HIGH OR LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OILS IN BROILER DIETS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas74-081 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 669-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H. VOGTMANN ◽

D. R. CLANDININ

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Erucic Acid ◽

Total Lipid ◽

Liver Tissue ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Plasma Cholesterol ◽

The Other ◽

Body Tissues ◽

Low Erucic Acid

Regular rapeseed oil (RSO) from rapeseed containing approximately 25% erucic acid (C22:1) and low erucic acid rapeseed oils (LEAR) containing approximately 2.5% C22:1 prepared from the Oro (ORO and hydrogenated Oro oil, HORO) and Span (SPO) varieties of rapeseed were compared against soybean oil (SBO) or lard (LA) in diets for broilers. Two diets were formulated from each oil or fat, one containing no supplementary vitamin E, the other containing 30 mg/kg of supplementary vitamin E. Each ration was fed to two groups of 10 broiler-type chicks from day-old to 8 wk of age. Growth, lipid content and fatty acid composition of heart, liver and spleen tissues and plasma cholesterol levels were studied. Average body weight was highest in the chickens fed the SBO-, LA-, ORO- or HORO-containing diets, intermediate for SPO and lowest for the RSO-containing diet. Inclusion of supplementary vitamin E in the oil or fat-containing diets improved the growth rate in all cases. However, vitamin E status did not appear to be related to the deleterious effects reported with feeding high levels of rapeseed oil. No treatment effects were noted on the total lipid concentrations in heart and liver tissue. The total lipid concentration in the spleen was somewhat higher in chickens fed RSO than in those fed the other oils. RSO led to a relatively high, while LEAR oils led to minimal, tissue incorporation of C22: 1. Erucic acid concentration was highest in adipose tissue (9.2%), followed by breast muscle (6.8%), spleen (5.9%), cardiac tissue (4.8%) and liver (2.6%). Plasma cholesterol concentrations (PC) were highest in the chickens fed the RSO- and SPO-containing diets (122 mg % and 134 mg %, respectively); the other oils led to lower PC levels (approximately 100 mg %). It appears that the liver tissue can metabolize C22: 1 better than the other body tissues studied, perhaps by increased oxidation or by increased transport as cholesterol esters.

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