EVALUATION OF LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OIL FED TO MONKEYS: CARDIAC LIPIDS, HISTOCHEMISTRY AND PATHOLOGY

Male and female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), equally divided as to sex, were fed, up to 24 wk, diets which contained 20% by weight of either soybean oil or Brassica napus cv. Tower rapeseed oil which contained 0.2% erucic acid. Long-chain monoenes appeared to accumulate in the cardiac lipids of both sexes fed Tower rapeseed oil. Histochemical studies suggested no myocardial damage associated with the feeding of either diet. Histopathological examination of the hearts of monkeys fed the two diets showed that only two male monkeys fed soybean oil for 24 wk had myocardial lesions, and these were multiple small foci of mononuclear cells. The results indicate that Tower rapeseed oil is indistinguishable from soybean oil in its nutritional and pathological properties.

Download Full-text

THE INFLUENCE OF HIGH AND LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OILS ON THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS AND ON THE LIPID FRACTION OF EGG YOLK

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas74-055 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 403-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

H. VOGTMANN ◽

D. R. CLANDININ ◽

R. T. HARDIN

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Soybean Oil ◽

Erucic Acid ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Productive Performance ◽

Egg Weight ◽

Low Erucic Acid

The effects of including 5 or 15% of high (regular) and low (Span) erucic acid rapeseed oils or soybean oil on productive performance, total lipid and fatty acid content of egg yolk, and distribution of fatty acids in egg yolk fat were studied. Feed intake varied according to the dietary energy content. However, 15% high erucic acid rapeseed oil decreased feed intake and egg production in comparison with 15% low erucic acid rapeseed oil or soybean oil. Hens receiving rations containing soybean oil produced larger eggs in the treatment than in the pre-treatment period. Five percent regular rapeseed oil in the diet led to a small increase in egg weight, whereas inclusion of 15% regular rapeseed oil in the diet led to a decrease in egg weight. Diets containing the Span oil gave intermediate results. Although the total lipid and total fatty acid content in egg yolk remained constant, the fatty acid composition changed significantly with the experimental diets. The concentration of saturated fatty acids in eggs produced by hens fed diets containing the regular rapeseed oil or low erucic acid rapeseed oil (Span oil) decreased only to a small extent and not in proportion to the amount of these fatty acids present in the diets; but the oleic acid concentration in eggs produced by the hens fed diets containing the rapeseed oil was high. Only 0.2% of erucic acid was found in eggs when 15% regular rapeseed oil was fed to laying hens. The laying hen seems to be able to maintain the level of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in yolk lipids in a physiological range. The results indicate that in the laying hen, a partial degradation of erucic acid to gadoleic acid and oleic acid takes place.

Download Full-text

GROWTH, CARDIOPATHOLOGY AND CARDIAC FATTY ACIDS OF SWINE FED DIETS CONTAINING SOYBEAN OIL OR LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OIL

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas75-007 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 49-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

D. W. FRIEND ◽

J. K. G. KRAMER ◽

F. D. SAUER ◽

A. H. CORNER ◽

K. M. CHARLTON ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Soybean Oil ◽

Erucic Acid ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Control Diet ◽

Myocardial Necrosis ◽

Gas Liquid Chromatography

One hundred and eighty weaner pigs were allotted to five dietary treatments comprising a control with no added oil and the control with either soybean oil or rapeseed oil (Brassica campestris cv. Span) each at 10 and 20% of the diet. Postmortem examinations were conducted on equal numbers of boars and gilts at the beginning of the experiment, as initial controls, and after 1, 4 and 16 wk on the experimental diets. When fed for 1 to 4 wk, the higher level of both oils reduced (P < 0.05) body weight gain but from 4 to 16 wk, differences were not significant for any of the diets. Consumption of the control diet exceeded (P < 0.05) that of any other diet, but pigs fed the oil diets showed improved (P < 0.01) feed efficiency. Minute focal interstitial infiltrations of mononuclear cells were present in the myocardium of some pigs in each dietary treatment and also in the initial controls. Foci of overt myocardial necrosis were not seen. Oil red 0 stained sections revealed traces of myocardial fat accumulation which occurred more frequently in pigs fed the high oil diets. In a second experiment, 24 weaner boar pigs were fed the control and the 10% Span oil diets. Two pigs from each treatment were killed on each of days 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20. Total fat was extracted from the heart of each pig and methyl esters determined by gas–liquid chromatography. There was no significant (P = 0.05) difference in percent fat of dry matter between pigs fed the control and the 10% Span diet. The proportions of the major fatty acids were similar between diets. Erucic acid and linolenic acid were present in the cardiac lipid of all control pigs, but to a significantly (P < 0.01) lesser degree than for pigs fed the Span diet. The level of arachidonic acid, for both groups of pigs, declined (P < 0.05) progressively with the duration (days) of feeding.

Download Full-text

PERFORMANCE AND HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN TISSUES OF PIGS FED DIETS CONTAINING HIGH OR LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OILS OR SOYBEAN OIL

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas75-010 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 77-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

F. X. AHERNE ◽

J. P. BOWLAND ◽

H. VOGTMANN ◽

R. T. HARDIN ◽

R. G. CHRISTIAN

Keyword(s):

Soybean Oil ◽

Erucic Acid ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Caloric Intake ◽

Histological Changes ◽

High Erucic Acid ◽

High Erucic Acid Rapeseed ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Pig Performance ◽

Low Erucic Acid

Three experiments were conducted to compare high (20.6%) or low (4.0%) erucic acid rapeseed oils with soybean oil when the oils were fed at a level of 15% of the diet for pigs from 25 to 90 kg liveweight. The low erucic acid rapeseed oil originated from Brassica campestris cv. Span. A fourth diet containing no supplemental oil served as a control. In one experiment, 48 crossbred pigs were fed ad libitum in groups of three pigs replicated four times. In a second experiment, 48 pigs were individually fed at a level of 80% of the daily caloric intake of the pigs in the first experiment. In a third experiment, 16 pigs in four groups were allowed continuous free-choice access to the four diets. Serial slaughter and digestibility data were obtained. The incorporation of high or low erucic acid rapeseed oil in the diets did not reduce pig performance when such diets were fed either ad libitum or at a restricted level. When given a choice of feed, pigs selected less of the high erucic acid rapeseed oil diet. When not given a choice of feed, pigs consumed as much of a high erucic acid rapeseed oil diet as they did of the other diets. Digestibility coefficients for energy, nitrogen and lipids were not significantly different for any of the three oil-containing diets. Histological examination of the heart, liver and spleen revealed no marked differences due to feeding any of the oil-based diets.

Download Full-text

EVALUATION OF LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OIL FED TO MONKEYS: BODY AND ORGAN WEIGHTS, ELECTROCARDIOGRAM AND BLOOD ANALYSIS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas78-034 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 245-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. K. G. KRAMER ◽

H. W. HULAN ◽

B. G. PROCTER ◽

P. DUSSAULT ◽

C. I. CHAPPEL

Keyword(s):

Erucic Acid ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Macaca Fascicularis ◽

Myocardial Necrosis ◽

Blood Analysis ◽

Serum Enzyme ◽

Clinical Chemical ◽

Low Erucic Acid ◽

Feeding Diets ◽

Enzyme Changes

Male and female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), equally divided as to sex, were fed diets which contained 20% by weight of either soybean oil or Brassica napus cv. Tower rapeseed oil, low in erucic acid (0.2%), for up to 24 wk. The monkeys ate well and grew normally, except for four monkeys which lost nominal amounts of weight. There were no significant differences between any of the groups in the relative weights of heart, liver and thyroid. Feeding diets which contained Tower rapeseed oil, however, resulted in increased adrenal weights in females and decreased kidney weights in males. The electrocardiograms in all monkeys appeared normal. The hematological studies failed to suggest that feeding either oil had any adverse effect on blood coagulation. Clinical chemical results revealed no serum enzyme changes suggestive of myocardial necrosis.

Download Full-text