Economic Policy and Income Distribution in China

1988 ◽  
pp. 154-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRMA ADELMAN ◽  
DAVID SUNDING
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Income Distribution

Economic Policy

2019 ◽  
pp. 173-195
Author(s):  
William Keech ◽  
William Scarth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Sustainable Fiscal Policy

This chapter identifies the differing policies and outcomes that Canadians and Americans have pursued with respect to economic growth, stabilization, and income distribution, and it analyzes several factors that can partially explain why divergent policy choices have emerged. The United States (U.S.) has recorded better productivity growth, while Canada has achieved a more sustainable fiscal policy, a less fragile financial sector, and more generous distributional policies. These contrasting outcomes are related to differences in size and geography, in political culture, and in political institutions. The analysis also considers how much it may be possible for each country’s policymakers to benefit from the other’s experiences. While identifying some lessons in this regard, the authors conclude that the sheer difference in the size of the two economies affects which economic policies can be expected to be effective. As a result, it is concluded that convergence in economic policymaking will remain somewhat limited.

Recent Trends in the Chinese Economy

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Rawski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Economic Specialization

The past 15 years have been eventful ones for the Chinese economy. They have seen an ambitious attempt at economic acceleration decline into agricultural crisis, a major reversal of the direction of economic policy, agricultural recovery and resurgent economic momentum. These years have brought major changes to the Chinese economy: whole new industries have appeared; official policy towards such diverse areas as education, income distribution, regional dispersion of industry and economic specialization has shifted repeatedly; the organization of agricultural production has also changed.

Economic Policy and Income Distribution in Colombia.

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Frank Safford ◽  
R. Albert Berry ◽  
Ronald Soligo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Income Distribution

scholarly journals Income Concentration, Market Size and Informal Sector in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-23
Author(s):  
Tchakounté Njoda Mathurin ◽  
Hamit Halou Chalout
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Government ◽  
Income Concentration

In this study, we analyze the link between income concentration and the size of the informal sector. We construct a simple model where income concentration determines demand and firms decide whether to operate in the formal or the informal economy is outlined. The government collects taxes and returns them to society either as a productive public good for its use by formal firms or as transfers to the poor. It is further postulated that income distribution affects the response of the informal sector to different fiscal policies, either demand or supply-orientated. In this case, redistribution towards the middle class decreases the size of the informal sector and increases the capacity of fiscal instruments to reduce informality. Data concerns 38 Africans’ countries in which the characteristic of income distribution is similar across countries. Using this comparable macro-level panel data between 1991 and 2013, we find strong evidence that high-income concentration leads to a large informal sector. Furthermore, an economic policy, including the effective application of the tax and regulatory procedures, should help to keep down the size of the informal economy.

scholarly journals MACROECONOMIC POLICY, GROWTH AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN THE BRAZILIAN ECONOMY IN THE 2000s

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (282) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin Serrano ◽  
Ricardo Summa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Macroeconomic Policy ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
External Conditions

<p>The purpose of this paper is to show that the interaction between large changes in the external conditions facing the Brazilian economy since 2003 and smaller changes in the orientation of domestic economic policy after 2005 explain the improved control of inflation, the recovery of more satisfactory rates of economic growth and the stronger improvement in income distribution and poverty reduction in the second half of the decade. The change in the orientation of economic policy also explains the relatively moderate contraction and strong recovery of the economy after the world crisis hit Brazil in late 2008.</p>

scholarly journals Governance and Income Inequality

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (4II) ◽  
pp. 751-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saima Shafique ◽  
Rashida Haq
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Poor

Major problems of developing countries are unequal income distribution and low growth rate, which affect their welfare aspects. It was implicitly assumed that whenever we achieve target of higher growth rate, benefit of growth would automatically trickle down to the poor. History of developing countries shows that the rich benefited more than the poor as evidenced by rising income inequality during the period of higher economic growth. The economic policy changes are often triggered by the logic of low level of equilibrium of output level, employment and income distribution. To overcome this low level of equilibrium trap, government often adopt polices so as to achieve high level of income and employment growth and development, and equitable income distribution. Coherent policy instruments are essential to meet these policy targets. Impact of any macro economic policy has been examined by studying its impact on economic growth and income distribution. In recent years polices have been directed toward reducing the level of poverty and inequality through raising quality of life in society by providing efficient and effective governance. This new economic philosophy has resulted in a massive change in the policy orientation of countries; the priority is now centred on issue of governance and focus is now shifted towards a qualitative nature of its growth and development. According to Sen (1983), the realisation of human capabilities, that enlarge the range of human choices, is essential for a broader notion and measure of economic well-being. The institutional frame work is then considered as one of the essential elements for translating growth and well-being into a sustainable process.

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