Semen Analysis: Assaying Sperm Epigenetics

2018 ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Millissia Ben Maamar ◽  
Ingrid Sadler-Riggleman ◽  
Michael K. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Sperm Epigenetics

Detection Y Chromosome Microdeletions Among Iraq Population in Infertile Patients with Azoospermia and Severe Oligospermia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah A Hammood ◽  
Alaauldeen S M AL-Sallami ◽  
Saleh M Al-Khafaji
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Obstructive Azoospermia ◽  
Severe Oligozoospermia ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Y Chromosome Microdeletions ◽  
Detailed Evaluation ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Infertile Patients

Objective: To detection of microdeletions of Y chromosome and study the frequency of microdeletions in infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia(Middle Euphrates center)in Iraq population. Material and methods: 153 males were included in the study, the casesweredivided into groups according to the infertility etiology and semen analysis according to Word health organization, the frequencies and the characteristicsof Y chromosome microdeletions were investigated in groups. Multiplex PCR was applied to detect the microdeletions. Results:Y chromosome microdeletion was detected in 42 (40.7%) of 153 cases ,Microdeletions in azoospermia showed more frequently detected 28 (52.8%), followed by severe oligospermia 14 (28 %),Microdeletions in the AZFc region were the most common 12 (22.64%), followed by AZFb 11(20.75%) and AZFa 5(9.43%) in azoospermia compared to severe oligospermisAZFc 6 (12%) AZFb 4 (8 %) and AZFa 4 (8%). Conclusion: Y chromosome microdeletions were detected quite frequently in certain infertility subgroups. Therefore, detailed evaluation of an infertile man by physical examination, semen analysis, hormonal evaluationsand when required, karyotype analysis may predict the patients for whom Y chromosome microdeletionanalysis is necessary and also prevent cost increases. Recommendation: This study emphasizes that analysis of microdeletions should be carried out for all patients with idiopathic azoospermia and severe oligospermia who are candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Влияние биологической полноценности спермы быков-производителей канадской селекции на репродуктивные показатели коров отдельного стада

2017 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Александр Александрович Некрасов ◽  
Николай Александрович Попов ◽  
Байлар Садраддинович Иолчиев
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Computer Assisted

Исследовано влияние качества спермы быков-производителей на репродуктивные показатели стада. Материалом для исследования послужила замороженно-оттаянная сперма быков-производителей канадской селекции (n = 6), которую использовали для осеменения коров и телок на ферме «Дубровицы» ФГУП «Кленово-Чегодаево». Концентрацию и подвижность сперматозоидов оценивали с помощью компьютерной технологии Computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). Состояние хроматина в сперматозоидах изучали методом акридин-оранжевого теста с флуоресцентной микроскопией. Морфологию и целостность акросом оценивали с использованием Дифф-Квик окраски. Всего на ферме «Дубровицы» плодотворно были осеменены 161 корова и 29 телок, от них получены 180 телят, из них 97 бычков и 83 телки. Установлено, что одним из биотических факторов, влияющих на репродуктивные показатели, является состояние ДНК в хроматине. От степени фрагментации ДНК в хроматине сперматозоидов зависит их оплодотворяющая способность и другие показатели фертильности быков-производителей. Уровень воспроизведения обусловлен репродуктивным потенциалом как коров, так и быков-производителей. Для комплексной оценки качества спермы быков-производителей необходимо использовать компьютерные технологии с привлечением максимального числа показателей, в том числе наследственного материала, содержащегося в сперматозоидах. Целесообразно при оценке быков-производителей вести учет благополучия отелов, выбытия коров после патологических отелов, абортов, мертворождаемости. Благополучие отелов способствует увеличению сроков последующего производственного использования коров, осемененных спермой быков-производителей, характеризующихся легкими отелами. Для достоверной оценки биологической полноценности спермы необходимо использовать дополнительный показатель, а именно степень фрагментации ДНК в хроматине. У быков-производителей с высокой степенью фрагментации ДНК получены низкие результаты оплодотворяемости.

scholarly journals Does varicocelectomy improve semen analysis outcomes in adolescents without testicular asymmetry?

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 76.e1-76.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Chu ◽  
Stephen A. Zderic ◽  
Aseem R. Shukla ◽  
Arun K. Srinivasan ◽  
Gregory E. Tasian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis

scholarly journals CagA-PositiveHelicobacter pyloriInfection and Reduced Sperm Motility, Vitality, and Normal Morphology

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Moretti ◽  
G. Collodel ◽  
L. Mazzi ◽  
M. S. Campagna ◽  
N. Figura
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Normal Forms ◽  
Molecular Mimicry ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Partial Linear ◽  
Caga Status ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Autoimmune Phenomena

Helicobacter pylori(HP) infection, particularly when caused by strains expressing CagA, may be considered a concomitant cause of male and female reduced fertility. This study explored, in 87 HP-infected males, the relationship between infection by CagA-positive HP strains and sperm parameters. HP infection and CagA status were determined by ELISA and Western blotting; semen analysis was performed following WHO guidelines. The amino acid sequence of human enzymes involved in glycolysis and oxidative metabolism were “blasted” with peptides expressed by HP J99. Thirty-seven patients (42.5%) were seropositive for CagA. Sperm motility (18% versus 32%; ), sperm vitality (35% versus 48%; ) and the percentage of sperm with normal forms (18% versus 22%; ) in the CagA-positive group were significantly reduced versus those in the CagA-negative group. All the considered enzymes showed partial linear homology with HP peptides, but four enzymes aligned with four different segments of the samecagisland protein. We hypothesize a relationship between infection by strains expressing CagA and decreased sperm quality. Potentially increased systemic levels of inflammatory cytokines that occur in infection by CagA-positive strains and autoimmune phenomena that involve molecular mimicry could explain the pathogenetic mechanism of alterations observed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Single and Triple Testicular Biopsy Using Biopty Gun on Spermatogenesis in Pubertal Rats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569
Author(s):  
Tomislav Šušnjar ◽  
Ivana Kuzmić Prusac ◽  
Ivan Švagelj ◽  
Anđela Jurišić ◽  
Tomislav Šušnjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Testicular Biopsy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The aim of this study was to compare consequences in single and triple testicular biopsy by biopty gun in pubertal rats using histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats were used as the experimental model. The rats were randomly divided into three study groups. The rats from the first group (n = 12) received a single-biopsy of upper pole of the left testis, while the rats from the second group (n = 10) received triple-biopsy of upper and lower poles and lateral surface of left testis. The third group (n = 10) was a control group. On the eightieth day after the biopsy in all rats bilateral orchiectomy and funiculectomy were performed to obtain testicular tissue and sperm for analysis. The consequences of the puncture were observed by pathohistology, immunohistochemistry and semen analysis. Results: The results of the study showed lower percentage of sperm count (14.5 mill/mL vs. 16 mill/mL, p = 0.130), sperm motility (24.6% vs. 32.7%, p > 0.05), abnormal sperm (30% vs. 27%, p > 0.05), atrophic tubules (21% vs. 6%, p < 0.001), volume (1.7 mL vs. 2.28 mL, p < 0.01) and apoptotic index (1.56 vs. 1.19, p = 0.650) in the testes with a triple-biopsy compared to the testes with a single-biopsy. Semen analysis showed a borderline significant difference between the group with triple-biopsy where sperm count was lower than it in the control group (14.5 mill/mL vs. 17.5 mill/mL, p = 0.05). A single-biopsy has little effect on the testis, especially on overall fertility. A triple-biopsy showed higher degree of the testicular damage but without a significant impact on overall fertility. Semen analysis showed that single- and triple-biopsies did not have a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology. Conclusion: Biopty gun procedure is a cheap, simple and reliable method for testicular biopsy in rats without a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology.

scholarly journals Rapid Multi-Hybridisation FISH Screening for Balanced Porcine Reciprocal Translocations Suggests a Much Higher Abnormality Rate Than Previously Appreciated

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Rebecca E O’Connor ◽  
Lucas G Kiazim ◽  
Claudia C Rathje ◽  
Rebecca L Jennings ◽  
Darren K Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Chromosome Translocations ◽  
Farrowing Rate ◽  
Significant Economic Loss

With demand rising, pigs are the world’s leading source of meat protein; however significant economic loss and environmental damage can be incurred if boars used for artificial insemination (AI) are hypoprolific (sub-fertile). Growing evidence suggests that semen analysis is an unreliable tool for diagnosing hypoprolificacy, with litter size and farrowing rate being more applicable. Once such data are available, however, any affected boar will have been in service for some time, with significant financial and environmental losses incurred. Reciprocal translocations (RTs) are the leading cause of porcine hypoprolificacy, reportedly present in 0.47% of AI boars. Traditional standard karyotyping, however, relies on animal specific expertise and does not detect more subtle (cryptic) translocations. Previously, we reported development of a multiple hybridisation fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) strategy; here, we report on its use in 1641 AI boars. A total of 15 different RTs were identified in 69 boars, with four further animals XX/XY chimeric. Therefore, 4.5% had a chromosome abnormality (4.2% with an RT), a 0.88% incidence. Revisiting cases with both karyotype and FISH information, we reanalysed captured images, asking whether the translocation was detectable by karyotyping alone. The results suggest that chromosome translocations in boars may be significantly under-reported, thereby highlighting the need for pre-emptive screening by this method before a boar enters a breeding programme.

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