scholarly journals The Effect of Single and Triple Testicular Biopsy Using Biopty Gun on Spermatogenesis in Pubertal Rats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569
Author(s):  
Tomislav Šušnjar ◽  
Ivana Kuzmić Prusac ◽  
Ivan Švagelj ◽  
Anđela Jurišić ◽  
Tomislav Šušnjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Testicular Biopsy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The aim of this study was to compare consequences in single and triple testicular biopsy by biopty gun in pubertal rats using histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats were used as the experimental model. The rats were randomly divided into three study groups. The rats from the first group (n = 12) received a single-biopsy of upper pole of the left testis, while the rats from the second group (n = 10) received triple-biopsy of upper and lower poles and lateral surface of left testis. The third group (n = 10) was a control group. On the eightieth day after the biopsy in all rats bilateral orchiectomy and funiculectomy were performed to obtain testicular tissue and sperm for analysis. The consequences of the puncture were observed by pathohistology, immunohistochemistry and semen analysis. Results: The results of the study showed lower percentage of sperm count (14.5 mill/mL vs. 16 mill/mL, p = 0.130), sperm motility (24.6% vs. 32.7%, p > 0.05), abnormal sperm (30% vs. 27%, p > 0.05), atrophic tubules (21% vs. 6%, p < 0.001), volume (1.7 mL vs. 2.28 mL, p < 0.01) and apoptotic index (1.56 vs. 1.19, p = 0.650) in the testes with a triple-biopsy compared to the testes with a single-biopsy. Semen analysis showed a borderline significant difference between the group with triple-biopsy where sperm count was lower than it in the control group (14.5 mill/mL vs. 17.5 mill/mL, p = 0.05). A single-biopsy has little effect on the testis, especially on overall fertility. A triple-biopsy showed higher degree of the testicular damage but without a significant impact on overall fertility. Semen analysis showed that single- and triple-biopsies did not have a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology. Conclusion: Biopty gun procedure is a cheap, simple and reliable method for testicular biopsy in rats without a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology.

scholarly journals Effect of Tramadol on Sperm Profile of Male Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
I. S. Esua ◽  
U. U. Uno ◽  
U. B. Ekaluo
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Head ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sperm Viability ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Aim: Tramadol is a potent analgesic effective in the treatment of mild to severe pains. However, the use of the drug can pose a threat to other organs and systems. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of graded doses of tramadol on sperm profile of male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Eighteen male rats were divided into three groups (A, B and C) using completely randomized design (CRD) with six rats in each group. Rats in group A served as the control group and were given just food and water while groups B and C were given tramadol at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) respectively, daily for the period of 65 days. The treatment was administered via oral gavage and at the end of the treatments, the rats were sacrificed. Immediately after sacrifice, a puncture was made in the epididymis with a sterile pin and examined for semen pH. The epididymes were processed for epididymal sperm motility, viability, count and sperm head abnormality. Results: There was no significant difference in the weight of testes and semen pH. Sperm viability, sperm motility, sperm count and weight of epididymes significantly reduced (p<0.05) in tramadol treated animals when compared with the control. Results also indicated statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in sperm head abnormalities in rats treated with tramadol when compared with the control. Conclusion: The results obtained from this study reveal that tramadol has negative effects on weight of epididymes, sperm count, sperm viability, sperm motility and sperm head abnormalities in male albino rat as mammalian models in a dose dependent manner.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF Centella asiatica LEAF ON SERIAL SERUM BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIN FACTOR (BDNF) CONCENTRATION OF RATS (SPRAGUE DAWLEY) FOLLOWING CHRONIC STRESS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari ◽  
Mawaddah Ar Rochmah
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electrical Stress ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Serum Bdnf

<p>Centella asiatica is considered herbal plant for increasing memory performance. Brain-derived neurotrophin factor (BDNF) has a significant role in memory formation process, while stress causes memory impairment. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of ethanol extracts of Centella asiatica leaf on serum BDNF concentration of rats that was taken serially before and after chronic electrical stress. Materials and Methods : Twenty male rats (Sprague Dawley) were divided into four groups: control/aquades group and groups treated with different doses (mg/kg) of Centella asiatica :150 (CA150), 300 (CA300) and 600 (CA600). Each rat underwent memory exercise for nine days before and after electrical stress and oral administration of ethanol extracts of Centella asiatica for twenty-eight days. Blood sampling was taken serially from rats’ tail for four times : (1) before memory exercise, (2) after memory exercise (before stress), (3) after chronic stress, and (4) after memory exercise (following chronic stress). Concentration of serum BDNF was assessed using ELISA. Results: There was no significant difference in serum BDNF concentration between groups in first and second serum sampling, which was prior to chronic stress and administration of different treatments. However, there was significant difference in third and fourth serum sampling between groups. Mean concentration of serum BDNF (ng/ml) in third and fourth sampling for control group, CA150, CA300, and CA600, respectively were 1.88+0.21 &amp;1.93+0.24; 2.29+0.13 &amp; 2.01+0.22; 2.29+0.08 &amp;1.86+0.11; 2.71+0.70 and 2.99+0.27 (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Ethanol extracts of Centella asiatica leaf increases serum BDNF concentration in rats after chronic stress. <br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: stress, memory, Centella asiatica, BDNF</p>

scholarly journals Effect of epigallocatechin gallate on aluminum chloride-induced changes in behavior, biochemical parameters, and spermatogenesis of Sprague-Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramani Parasuraman ◽  
Brenda Ngu Yen Qin ◽  
Lam Chew Hui ◽  
James Yu Kar Beng
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract Background Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) acts as an antioxidant by preventing oxidative stress. The effect of EGCG on aluminum-induced testicular injury is not clear. Hence, the present study is planned to investigate the effect of EGCG on aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced changes in behavior, biochemical parameters, and spermatogenesis in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were divided into six groups with six animals each. All the animals were administered with respective assigned treatment once daily for 28 days. The animals in groups I to VI were administered with drug vehicle, AlCl3, vitamin C, EGCG, vitamin C, and EGCG, respectively. The animals in groups V and VI were additionally challenged with AlCl3 (10 mg/kg) immediately after vitamin C and EGCG administration, respectively. Changes in behavior were measured on day 1, 14 and 28. At the end of the study, the blood sample was collected from all the animals, and the serum was separated and used for biochemical analysis. Later, the rats were subjected to bilateral orchiectomy; sperm was collected from the cauda epididymis for microscopic examination. Then, the animals were sacrificed, and the organs such as the brain, lungs, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and testis were collected for organ weight analysis. Results The animal administered with AlCl3 showed a reduction in locomotor activity, grip strength, and escape latency time whereas vitamin C prevented the effect of AlCl3. But, EGCG did not show any significant changes in AlCl3-induced behavioral and biochemical changes. At the end of the study, vitamin C prevented AlCl3-induced behavioral and biochemical changes. The group of animals administered with AlCl3 showed a reduction in the number of spermatozoa whereas AlCl3 + vitamin C and AlCl3 + EGCG did not show any significant changes in the number of spermatozoa when compared to the control group. Conclusion EGCG prevented AlCl3-induced reduction in epididymal sperm count of male rats and did not show any significant effect on AlCl3-induced changes in behavior and biochemical parameters, whereas vitamin C had an ameliorative effect on AlCl3-induced changes in behavior, biochemical parameter, and spermatogenesis. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Differences in Histopathological Picture of Lung Organs in Sprague Dowley White Rats that Die Drowning in Salt Water and Fresh Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-S) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Theza E. A. Pellondo’u.P ◽  
Marliana Nurprilinda ◽  
Yoan Marsindhy Rahayu Atuk
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Water Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject

This study aimed to investigate the differences in the pulmonary histopathology of the drowned victims in salt water and fresh water. By utilizing a post-test only control design, the research used Sprague Dawley lab rat as the main subject of the experiment. The subject would be drowned in two different types of water, which were salt water and fresh water. There were fifteen male rats which divided evenly into three separate groups. The first group was subjected to salt water, and the second group was subjected to fresh water. The last group was a control group. The result from the test was analyzed by comparing the lung tissue histopathological structure of the subject for the salt water group and the fresh water group. On the outcome, there was a significant difference between interalveolar haemorrhage in the lung of a mouse drowned in salt water and submerged in fresh water. In addition, there was over-distension of the alveoli, thinning of the alveolar septal wall in both groups. The result of the experiment showed that there was a significant interalveolar haemorrhage difference in the histopathological structure between the salt water group and the fresh water group. Keywords: pulmonary histopathology, drowning, alveolus, white rat

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SECANG WOOD (CEASALPINIA SAPPAN L.) EXTRACT ON MORPHOLOGY OF SPERMATOZOA, SPERM COUNT, AND REVERSIBLE PROCESS IN MALE RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Silfia Sekar Arum ◽  
Syarief Thaufik Hidayat ◽  
Nur Khafidhoh ◽  
Suryati Kumorowulan ◽  
Suhartono Suhartono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Reversible Process ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Limited choice of contraception for males is one of the reasons why their participation is low. Secang wood is considered as an alternative contraception that has an influence in the morphology and number of spermatozoa, and reversible in nature.Objective: To examine the effect of extracts of secang wood in the morphology of spermatozoa, sperm count and reversible process in male mice.Methods: This was a quasy experimental study with randomized post test only control group design. There were 32 male rats (Mus Muscullus L) recruited in this study. Four groups were involved, namely: 1) Ethanol group, 2) Chloroform fraction, 3) Water fraction, and 4) Control group. Each group consisted of 8 mice. There were two treatments in this study: 1) each group was given secang extract with dose 50 mg/25 gram of weight, 2) The observation period was 10 days after the treatment, and 4 mice in each group was dissected to see the morphology and sperm count, while the other 4 mice were allowed to live and maintained until 20 days to see reversible morphology and sperm count Results: The extract of sepang wood at a dose of 50mg/25gram weight could increase the abnormal sperm morphology, and lower sperm count. There was a significant difference between the treatment group and control group with p-value <0.05. The extract was also reversible on the morphology and sperm count.Conclusion: There was a significant effect of secang wood extract on sperm morphology, the number of spermatozoa, and reversible process. This study provides the insight of scientific information about the effect of the sepang extracts on the number and morphology of spermatozoa, and it could be used as a basis for further research in human in the development of natural contraceptive on a reversible man.

Two-Generation Oral (Diet) Reproductive Toxicity Study of Resorcinol Bis-Diphenylphosphate (Fyrolflex RDP) in Rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Henrich ◽  
B. M. Ryan ◽  
R. Selby ◽  
S. Garthwaite ◽  
R. Morrissey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
Flavor Aversion ◽  
Significant Difference

Fyrolflex resorcinol bis-diphenylphosphate (RDP) was evaluated in a two-generation reproductive study as part of a program to assess the overall toxicology of this flame retardant. RDP was administered to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats in the diet at concentrations of 1000, 10,000 or 20,000 ppm. The control group was given diet alone. Parental (P1) animals were treated for 10 weeks prior to mating, during the 2-week mating period, throughout gestation, and through lactation until sacrifice. The F1 generation (P1 offspring) was treated following a regimen similar to P1. The F2 generation was not treated. No significant difference in Utter survival was observed between the control and treated groups. Body weights were significantly decreased in P1 rats during the 1st week due to an initial flavor aversion of the test substance in the diet. Body weight, weight gains, and food consumption were decreased in the test substance-treated pups (F1) during lactationand after weaning. These changes were also attributed to a flavor aversion. Anogenital distance was similar in the control and high-dose groups, whereas vaginal opening and preputial separation were delayed in the 10,000 and 20,000 ppm groups, and were considered to be secondary to the reduction in F1 body weight. Neither parents nor offspring exhibited any test substance-related clinical signs of toxicity. Vaginal cytology and cyclicity and male reproductive functions (sperm count, motility, and morphology) were unaffected by treatment. Mating performance was similar in the treated groups relative to the control. No treatment-related lesions were noted in the reproductive organs. Increased liver weight and associated hepatic periportal hypertrophy were observed in the RDP-treated animals (P1 and F1). In conclusion, there were no adverse effects on reproductive performance or fertility parameters associated with RDP administration in the diet. Fyrolflex RDP administered for greater than 13 weeks and up to the entire life span (i.e., F1, from conception to euthanasia) resulted in increased liver weights with associated periportal hypertrophy. This change was considered an adaptive process associated with RDP metabolism in the liver.

scholarly journals Effect of Ingested Foods Preheated (With Microwave) in Plastic Containers on the Reproductive Profile of Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Onengiyeofori Ibama ◽  
Ugochukwu Chioma ◽  
Joshua Lelesi Konne ◽  
Felix Konne
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Microwave Energy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Plastic Containers

Recently, there has been a notably increased use of microwave energy for heating and processing foods particularly in catering services and in our homes owing to its speed, convenience and efficiency compared to the traditional heating method. Due to the availability and affordability of plastic containers, they are mostly used to contain foods for preheating in a microwave. However, these plastics pose great risk on humans’ health if they get scratched or heated, and leach out chemicals into the contained foods. Also, the microwave energy has been speculated to have posed risks to the health of humans considering the electromagnetic radiations it emits. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of ingested foods preheated (with microwave) in plastic containers on the reproductive profile of male albino rats. A total of twenty-four (24) male albino rats weighing between 120 to 200 g were used for this study. The rats were divided into three (3) groups (group I, II and III) of eight (8) rats per group. The rats were fed ad libitum with porridge beans and jellof rice with meat and fish daily for 40 days. The foods ingested by group I rats were not preheated in a microwave; the foods ingested by group II rats were put in ceramics and preheated in a microwave for 2 minutes daily; while the foods ingested by group III rats were put in plastic containers (not labeled as ‘‘microwave safe’’) and preheated in a microwave daily for 2 minutes. After an overnight fast, the rats were anaesthetized using chloroform, and blood samples obtained (via cardiac puncture) were used to analyze serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone using the ELISA method. The epididymis was also excised and immediately macerated to obtain semen, which was used for semen analysis. The results obtained showed a significantly decreased (p<0.05) mean LH, FSH, testosterone and sperm count in group III (plastic-microwaved) compared to group I and II. Also noted, was a significantly decreased (p<0.05) sperm count in group II compared to group I. However, there was no significant difference in LH, FSH and testosterone between groups I and II. Conclusively, it was evident from this study that, ingestion of foods preheated (with microwave) in plastic containers overtime, may predispose male rats and thus male individuals to dysfunction in their reproductive system which may eventually lead to male infertility. It is therefore, highly recommended that preheating of foods (with microwave) in plastic containers should be highly prohibited, but should rather be done using ceramics.

scholarly journals Damage to the Testicular Structure of Rats by Acute Oral Exposure of Cadmium

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6038
Author(s):  
Tariq Iqbal ◽  
Maosheng Cao ◽  
Zijiao Zhao ◽  
Yun Zhao ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Significant Difference

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most important heavy metal toxicants, used throughout the world at the industrial level. It affects humans through environmental and occupational exposure and animals through the environment. The most severe effects of oral exposure to Cd on the male reproductive system, particularly spermatogenesis, have not been discussed. In this study, we observed the damage to the testes and heritable DNA caused by oral exposure to Cd. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups: a control group and three groups treated with 5, 10, and 15 mg Cd/kg/day for 17 days by oral gavage. Our results revealed that Cd significantly decreases weight gain in 10 and 15 mg/kg groups, whereas the 5 mg/kg groups showed no difference in weight gain. The histopathology showed adverse structural effects on the rat testis by significantly reducing the thickness of the tunica albuginea, the diameter of the tubular lumen, and the interstitial space among seminiferous tubules and increasing the height of the epithelium and the diameter of the seminiferous tubules in Cd treated groups. Comet assay in epididymal sperms demonstrated a significant difference in the lengths of the head and comet in all the 3 Cd treated groups, indicating damage in heritable DNA, although variations in daily sperm production were not significant. Only a slight decrease in sperm count was reported in Cd-treated groups as compared to the control group, whereas the tail length, percentage of DNA in head, and tail showed no significant difference in control and all the experimental groups. Overall, our findings indicate that Cd toxicity must be controlled using natural sources, such as herbal medicine or bioremediation, with non-edible plants, because it could considerably affect heritable DNA and induce damage to the reproductive system.

The Impact of Gemcitabine-induced Reproductive Toxicity on The Sperm count and Morphology of Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-365
Author(s):  
Bassam Abdulaziz Alahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recovery Group ◽  
Sperm Count And Morphology ◽  
The Impact

Cancer treatments can affect sperm production and a significant percentage of cancer patients may develop permanent azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia after chemotherapy. To investigate the influence of Gemcitabine toxicity on the reproductive system of albino male rats (sperm count and morphology). An experimental animal study conducted in the zoology department, College of Science, King Saud University during the period from June to October 2014 using albino rats (Rattusnorvegicus) (Wistar strain). Males were divided into four different groups (control" 0 mg/kg",7 mg/kg,14 mg/kg, and 21 mg/kg). The reproductive organs, testicles and epididymis decreased in weight and atrophied in most of the animals treated with the drug in various doses. The mean absolute and relative epididymal weights were also significantly decreased. In the drug-effects recovery group, neither the testicles nor the epididymis in the animals treated with the three doses recovered fully normal weight. The testis's efficiency in producing sperm was significantly decreased at all doses. In the recovery group, the testis regained its efficiency, as no significant difference was recorded between the drug-treated groups and the control group. The drug caused complete loss of sperm, in a rat treated with the big dose. Gemcitabine caused a significant increase in the percentage of deformed sperms in all treated animals. Gemcitabine drug has high toxicity on the reproductive system of rats with a dose tenth of human dose, with a massive decrease in the count and quantity of sperm, which means that this drug can have more toxicity effects on human.

scholarly journals Hemostatic and Histopathological Effects of Local Mineral Zeolite and Tranexamic Acid in Experimental Femoral Artery Bleeding Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
Müzeyyen Seda Altop ◽  
Özge Özdal Zincir ◽  
Meral Ünür ◽  
Necat Vakur Olgaç ◽  
Sevgi Özyeğin
Keyword(s):  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Exothermic Reaction ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Summary Background/Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of local zeolite and tranexamic acid application on hemostasis duration and histopathological changes in the experimental bleeding model, created by puncturing femoral arteries in rats. Material and Methods: A total of 36 Sprague Dawley female rats weighing an average of 240 ± 20 g were used in the study. The three main study groups were the zeolite, zeolite+tranexamic acid, and control groups. Each group was sacrificed on the seventh and fourteenth days of the study, using subgroups for histopathological findings. After piercing the femoral artery of each rat, one gram of the material assigned to the group was applied to the bleeding site after which a 100-gram scale weight was placed on the site for 30 sec intervals, during which temperature was measured. The same sequence of procedures was repeated for the control group, using only standard compression. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 15 statistical software. Significance was evaluated at the level of p< 0.05. Results: The bleeding stop time of the control group was significantly longer than the zeolite and zeolite+tranexamic groups (p< 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the zeolite and zeolite+tranexamic groups’ bleeding stop times (p> 0.05) or between the mean wound temperatures of the control and zeolite+tranexamic acid groups when bleeding stopped (p> 0.05). Conclusions: The effectiveness of the zeolite group and zeolite+tranexamic acid mixture is more than the control group in ensuring bleeding control. Their efficacy has been clearly observed in providing hemostasis. In addition, it has been determined that zeolite tranexamic acid mixture causes less exothermic reaction than zeolite group. We believe that this new formula should be developed and used to guide new studies.

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