Sustainable Cutting Fluids: Thermal, Rheological, Biodegradation, Anti-Corrosion, Storage Stability Studies and its Machining Performance

The study of cutting fluid performance in turning is of great importance because its optimization characteristics has associated benefits such as improved tool life and overall quality of machined components as well as reduction in power consumption during machining. However, there are recent concerns with the use of cutting fluids from the environmental and health standpoints. Since environmental legislation has become more rigorous, the option for “green machining” attracts the interest of several manufacturing companies. It is important to consider the cost of machining which is associated with tool wear, depending on the cutting environment. The use of vegetable oil may be an interesting alternative to minimize the health and environmental problems associated with cutting fluids without compromising machining performance. This paper presents a comparative study of mineral and vegetable cutting fluids in terms of tool wear after turning SAE 1050 steel grade with cemented carbide cutting tools. Constant depth of cut of 2mm and variable cutting speed (200 and 350 m/min) and feed rate (0.20 and 0.32 mm/rev) were employed. Test results suggest that is possible to achieve improvement in machinability of the material and increase tool life by using vegetable cutting fluid during machining. Tool life increased by about 85% when machining with vegetable-based fluids compared to mineral-based fluids. Analysis of the worn tools, however, revealed a more uniform wear on the worn flank face when machining with mineral-based fluids.

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Experimental Investigations to Study the Effect of Solid Lubricant MOS2 on the Performance of Hard Turning

Volume 3: Design and Manufacturing, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/imece2010-38554 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Dilbag Singh ◽

P. Venkateswara Rao

Keyword(s):

Surface Finish ◽

Cutting Forces ◽

Hard Turning ◽

Solid Lubricant ◽

Research Work ◽

Cryogenic Cooling ◽

Experimental Investigations ◽

Cutting Fluids ◽

Machining Performance ◽

Molybdenum Disulphide

In hard turning, lot of heat is generated due to plastic deformation of the work material, friction at the tool-chip interface and friction between tool and the workpiece. The heat produced in machining adversely affects the quality of the products produced. Cutting fluids have been the conventional choice to deal with this problem. However, due to the environmental restrictions, the use of cutting fluids is restricted. Machining with solid lubricants, cryogenic cooling by liquid nitrogen and minimum quantity lubrication are some of the alternative approaches in this direction. This research work deals with an investigation on using molybdenum disulphide as solid lubricant in order to reduce friction for improving the machining performance and for overcoming some of the limitations that arise due to the use of cutting fluids or while dry hard turning. An experimental setup has been designed and built, and experiments have been conducted to study the effect of using molybdenum disulphide as solid lubricant on surface finish and cutting forces. An improvement in surface finish was observed with molybdenum disulphide assisted hard turning. It was also observed that there was a considerable reduction of cutting forces, thereby reducing the specific energy needed and consequently improving the machining performance.

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The effects of concentration of cutting fluids on machining performance during end milling of steel St60

Mechanics & Industry ◽

10.1051/meca/2015068 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 407 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yousef Shokoohi ◽

Ehsan Khosrojerdi ◽

Ehsan Shekarian

Keyword(s):

End Milling ◽

Cutting Fluids ◽

Machining Performance

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Sampling and Analytical Method for Alpha-Dicarbonyl Flavoring Compounds via Derivatization witho-Phenylenediamine and Analysis Using GC-NPD

Scientifica ◽

10.1155/2016/9059678 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Stephanie M. Pendergrass ◽

Jeffrey A. Cooper

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Silica Gel ◽

Analytical Method ◽

Storage Stability ◽

Sampling Rate ◽

Time Sampling ◽

Stability Studies ◽

Sample Storage ◽

Limits Of Detection ◽

Quinoxaline Derivatives

A novel methodology is described for the sampling and analysis of diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, and 2,3-heptanedione. These analytes were collected ono-phenylenediamine-treated silica gel tubes and quantitatively recovered as the corresponding quinoxaline derivatives. After derivatization, the sorbent was desorbed in 3 mL of ethanol solvent and analyzed using gas chromatography/nitrogen-phosphorous detection (GC/NPD). The limits of detection (LOD) achieved for each analyte were determined to be in the range of 5–10 nanograms/sample. Evaluation of the on-tube derivatization procedure indicated that it is unaffected by humidities ranging from 20% to 80% and that the derivatization procedure was quantitative for analyte concentrations ranging from 0.1 μg to approximately 500 μg per sample. Storage stability studies indicated that the derivatives were stable for 30 days when stored at both ambient and refrigerated temperatures. Additional studies showed that the quinoxaline derivatives were quantitatively recovered when sampling up to a total volume of 72 L at a sampling rate of 50 cc/min. This method will be important to evaluate and monitor worker exposures in the food and flavoring industry. Samples can be collected over an 8-hour shift with up to 288 L total volume collected regardless of time, sampling rate, and/or the effects of humidity.

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