<p><em>Abstrak –<strong> </strong></em><strong>Tahap perkembangan r</strong><strong>emaja ditandai </strong><strong>dengan</strong><strong> perubahan fisik umum </strong><strong>yang di</strong><strong>serta</strong><strong>i</strong><strong> perkembangan kognitif</strong><strong> maupun</strong><strong> sosial.<em> </em>Menstruasi merupakan </strong><strong>proses alamiah organ reproduksi wanita dengan </strong><strong>peng</strong><strong>e</strong><strong>ndalian hormon</strong><strong>. S</strong><strong>alah satu gangguan menstruasi adalah <em>Premenstrual Syndrome</em> </strong><strong>atau</strong><strong> sindrom sebelum haid</strong><strong> atau dikenal juga sebagai </strong><strong>ketegangan sebelum haid</strong><strong>.</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Siklus menstruasi yang tidak teratur, penurunan </strong><strong>level</strong><strong> progesteron dan peningkatan </strong><strong>level</strong><strong> estrogen, stres, usia <em>menarche</em> yang terlalu cepat, dan status gizi</strong><strong> merupakan beberapa faktor penyebab PMS. Penelitian ini bertujuan u</strong><strong>ntuk mengetahui pengetahuan mahasiswi Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia terhadap PMS<em>. </em></strong><strong>Metodologi yang digunakan yaitu studi <em>Cross Sectiona</em></strong><strong><em>l.</em></strong><strong> Populasi sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswi Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia. Variabel independen yang dipilih yaitu pengetahuan, usia <em>menarche</em>, siklus haid, olahraga, nutrisi, produktivitas, dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Berdasarkan uji </strong><strong>bivariat dan multivariat regresi logistik tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan premenstrual syndrome pada mahasiswi UAI yaitu pengetahuan dengan p value 0,169; OR 0,473; 95% CI 0,163-1,374</strong><strong>. Responden yang memiliki pengetahuan 0,473 kali lebih baik dalam penatalaksanaan <em>premenstrual syndrome</em> daripada responden yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang.</strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><em>Abstract </em><strong>– Adolescent developmental</strong><strong> stage characterized by common physical changes that accompanied the cognitive and social development. Menstruation was known as a natural process of hormonal control in the female reproductive organs. One of menstrual disorders was premenstrual syndrome or syndrome before menstruation or also known as tension before menstruation. Irregular menstrual cycles, decreased levels of progesterone, increased level of estrogen, stress, menarche age, and nutritional status were informed as factors that cause premenstrual syndrome. This study aimed to determine student’s knowledge to premenstrual syndrome. The methodology used was a cross sectional study. The population sample was a student of University Al Azhar Indonesia. The independent variables were selected, namely knowledge, age of menarche, menstrual cycle, exercise, nutrition, productivity, and body mass index (BMI). Based on the test bivariate and multivariate logistic regression found no significant relationship between knowledge with premenstrual syndrome in UAI student that knowledge with p value 0.169; OR 0.473; 95% CI 0.163 to 1.374. Respondents who had knowledge 0.473 times better than others in treatment of premenstrual syndrome.</strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Premenstrual Syndrome</em><em>, </em><em>knowlwdge, menstruation, menarche.</em><em></em></p>
Hormonal Control of Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis in Isolated Rat Liver Cells
