Comparison of in Situ Root Observations with Rhizoscope, Video Recording and Endoscope

The sessile suspension-feeding wormsnailDendropoma maxima, Sowerby 1825 (Vermetidae) secretes a mucus net to capture planktonic prey. The nets are spread out over the corals and often have remarkable deleterious effects on them like changes in growth form and pigmentation shifts not uncommonly resulting in tissue necrosis. Until now, there is no explanation for this phenomenon although the indication as well as theories about its genesis is mentioned in several publications. Vermetids are well studied concerning the intraspecific competition with neighboring individuals but not in their interaction with other taxa like corals or fish. We did extensivein situvideo recording and observed that fish avoided the plankton-load nets although several specialized taxa are known to be molluscivores, mucivores, and/or feed on plankton. As many molluscs use chemical weapons to combat feeding pressure and to defend themselves against predators, we screened empty and plankton-load mucus nets for potential bioactive metabolites. Bioactivity testing was performed with a recently developed system based on a chromatographic separation (high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)) and a bioassay with luminescent bacteriaVibrio fischeri. Thus, we found at least two active compounds exclusively accumulated by the wormsnails themselves. This is the first record of bioactive properties in the whole family of Vermetidae.

Download Full-text

A Low-Cost, Flexible, Lightweight Video Recording System for Task Analysis

Ergonomics in Design The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications ◽

10.1177/1064804613488390 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 4-6

Author(s):

Timothy R. Coles ◽

Cedric Dumas

Keyword(s):

Task Analysis ◽

Low Cost ◽

Video Recording ◽

Computer Hardware ◽

Entry Level ◽

Video Systems ◽

Set Up ◽

The Cost

The authors report their experience from various task analysis projects in which users have been observed in situ. Solutions for simultaneous video recording, often needed to adequately observe and analyze a workspace, are discussed. Of the various analog- and digital-based solutions, the authors deem a low-cost solution using entry-level computer hardware to produce sufficiently high-fidelity feedback for most task analysis purposes. Such systems can be acquired and set up by novice computer users for a fraction of the cost of broadcast video systems. A case study demonstrates the application of one such inexpensive solution.

Download Full-text

In-Situ High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy of Dynamic Events During the Amorphous to Crystalline Phase Transformation in Silicon

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-62-311 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. A. Parker ◽

T. W. Sigmon ◽

R. Sinclair

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Phase Transformation ◽

Solid State ◽

High Resolution ◽

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Video Recording ◽

Dynamic Events ◽

Transmission Electron

ABSTRACTA technique has been developed which employs high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for the observation of the atomic mechanisms associated with solid state phase transformation as they occur at elevated temperatures. It consists of the annealing in-situ of cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) specimens that have been favorably oriented for lattice fringe imaging and the video-recording of dynamic events as they occur in real-time. By means of this technique, we report the first video-recorded lattice images of crystallographic defect motion in silicon, viz. the motion of dislocations and stacking faults, as well as the first such images of the atomic mechanisms responsible for the amorphous to crystalline (a-c) phase transformation, viz. heterogeneous nucleation of crystal nuclei, coalescence of crystal nuclei by co-operative atomic processes, ledge motion at the growth interface, and normal growth in silicon. This technique holds great potential for the elucidation of the atomic mechanisms involved in reaction kinetics in the solid state.

Download Full-text

Scanning Electron Microscope Facility for in situ Observations of Ion Implanted Surfaces

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100114931 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 262-263

Author(s):

G. J. Thomas ◽

W. Bauer

Keyword(s):

Surface Deformation ◽

Video Recording ◽

Dose Dependence ◽

Quantitative Information ◽

High Dose ◽

Recording Equipment ◽

Cold Worked ◽

Dose Levels ◽

Scanning Electron

In previous studies of high dose He implantation of metals, observations of the resulting surface deformation were made after specific dose levels were attained. The present work describes a recently constructed system which allows scanning electron microscopy observation during implantation. A number of advantages can be gained by this approach. First, considerably more data can be obtained on a given sample so that, for example, the precise dose dependence of surface deformation can be determined. The technique also allows direct observation of deformation either above or below room temperature andin addition, quantitative information on the rates of blister formation and growth can be obtained. The rapidity with which surface features develop during implantation requires continuous and rapid storage of the sample image. Commercially available video recording equipment, with appropriate modification, has been used for this purpose.In preliminary studies, a comparison has been made of surface deformation due to He implantation of a hydride (TiH2), annealed Ti metal, and cold worked Ti.

Download Full-text

The Ichthyoplankton Recorder: A video recording system for in situ studies of small-scale plankton distribution patterns

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1016/1054-3139(95)80056-5 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 52 (3-4) ◽

pp. 409-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

J Lenz

Keyword(s):

Video Recording ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Recording System ◽

Small Scale ◽

In Situ Studies ◽

Plankton Distribution

Download Full-text

In situ REM study of indium particle evolution on InP(110) surfaces

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100137501 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 226-227

Author(s):

M. Gajdardziska-Josifovska ◽

M. H. Malay ◽

David J. Smith

Keyword(s):

Film Growth ◽

Video Recording ◽

Image Interpretation ◽

Particle Sizes ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Size Evolution ◽

Surface Resonance ◽

Projection Problem ◽

Reflection Electron Microscopy

Reflection electron microscopy (REM) has been used by several groups for in situ studies of terrace and step dynamics induced by phase transformations, film growth, and surface electromigration. Real-time viewing and video-recording of these phenomena has become possible with the use of intensified TV cameras under surface resonance diffracting conditions. Recently we captured the dynamics of nucleation and growth of In particles on InP(l10) surfaces induced by thermal annealing in an ultrahigh-vacuum transmission electron microscope. In addition to the projection problem, also encountered in TEM, the REM image interpretation is further complicated by foreshortening effects. At present, there are no developed methods for measurement of particle sizes from REM images. This work quantifies the In particle shape and size evolution from in-situ REM experiments.Samples were prepared by cleavage of an undoped (001) InP wafer along the (110) crystallographic plane. The cleavage was performed in air, immediately before loading into a Philips 430ST HREM, modified for UHV operation and equipped with a single-tilt specimen heating holder.

Download Full-text