Cannabis exposure during adolescence: A uniquely sensitive period for neurobiological effects

2022 ◽  
pp. 95-120
Author(s):  
K.Z. Peters ◽  
N.E. Zlebnik ◽  
J.F. Cheer
Keyword(s):  
Sensitive Period

Treatment Considerations for Adolescents Who Exhibit Cognitive/Communication Problems: A Neuroscience Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1767-1775
Author(s):  
Martha S. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
Treatment Considerations ◽  
Behavioral Growth

Purpose Adolescence is a period of substantial neurophysiological and behavioral growth, representing a second sensitive period of brain development. It is a psychological and social transition period between childhood and adulthood with many beneficial changes occurring, especially with respect to potential responsiveness to clinical intervention. However, adolescent behavioral complexities introduce clinical challenges as well. The purpose of this review article is to review the current neuroimaging research on neurophysiological changes observed during adolescence and the cognitive and social behavioral counterparts, with specific attention to the clinical implications. The review article will then summarize currently available intervention tools that can be utilized by speech-language pathologists working with this population. It will conclude with available evidence-based social-communication approaches that may be applicable as well as available evidence-based supplemental technological cognitive interventions that may be useful in working with adolescents who exhibit language and communication issues. Conclusion As a transition period between childhood and adulthood, adolescence represents a second sensitive period during which there is opportunity for clinically derived beneficial cognitive and communication growth.

TIYANG TANI LAN TIKUS : MEWARISKAN NILAI PEKERTI BAGI ANAK MELALUI DONGENG KLASIK JAWA

Diksi ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supartinah
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Code Number ◽  
Adequate Stimulation

Besides being one of the efforts to have texts transformed into Indonesian,this article also aims at studying and describing the pitutur, or values reflectinggood character, in the Javanese text Tiyang Tani lan Tikus.The text Tiyang Tani lan Tikus (TTT) is one of the texts contained in thecodex Serat Dongeng Warni-Warni and belongs to the category of literarymanuscripts. The codex is part of a collection stored at the library of Sana Budaya,Yogyakarta, given the code number PB C 154 71 Rol. 144 No. 13. The manuscriptis in prose using Javanese orthography. It tells a story but the time of its writing andthe name of the person who copied it in writing are not mentioned. However, inview of the condition of the paper used, it could be estimated that it was written inthSurakarta early in the 20 century.The essential values of good character contained in the story of TiyangTani lan Tikus are of (1) simplicity in life, (2) empathy, (3) softness of heart, (4)loyalty or faithfulness, (5) spirit of togetherness, (6) love toward others, and (7)frugality. All those values could be developed into material for the teaching ofvalues to children. This is an important matter because, in one’s development,childhood is a sensitive period for the optimum development of somepsychological aspects if the environment could give adequate stimulation. Storiesor fables told to children could become a means of stimulating the development ofsome psychological aspects of children so that they could hopefully gain theuppermost boundary of their range of potential development.Keywords: Javanese classical fables, values of good character

scholarly journals Auditory deficits in infants at risk for dyslexia during a linguistic sensitive period predict future language

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 102578
Author(s):  
Maria Mittag ◽  
Eric Larson ◽  
Maggie Clarke ◽  
Samu Taulu ◽  
Patricia K. Kuhl
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sensitive Period

scholarly journals MATERNAL-ZYGOTIC GENE INTERACTIONS DURING FORMATION OF THE DORSOVENTRAL PATTERN IN DROSOPHILA EMBRYOS

Genetics ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Early Embryo ◽  
Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Mutant Genotype ◽  
Dominant Phenotype ◽  
Zygotic Gene ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mutant Phenotypes ◽  
Dominant Lethality

ABSTRACT Maternal-zygotic interactions involving the three genes dorsal (dl), twist (twi) and snail (sna) are described. The results suggest that all three are involved in the process by which the dorsoventral pattern of the Drosophila embryo is established. First, the lethal embryonic mutant phenotypes are rather similar. In homozygous twi or sna embryos invagination of the ventral presumptive mesodermal cells fails to occur, and the resulting embryos are devoid of internal organs. This is very similar to the dominant phenotype described for dl; in the case of dl, however, the effect is a maternal one dependent on the mutant genotype of the female. Second, a synergistic interaction has been found whereby dominant lethality of twi  - or sna-bearing zygotes is observed in embryos derived from heterozygous dl females at high temperature. The temperature sensitivity of this interaction permitted definition of a temperature-sensitive period which is probably that of dl. This was found to extend from approximately 12 hr prior to oviposition to 2— 3 hr of embryogenesis. A zygotic action for the dl gene in addition to the maternal effect was revealed by the finding that extra doses of dl  + in the zygotes can partially rescue the dominant lethality of heterozygous twi embryos derived from heterozygous dl females. Two possible interpretations of the synergism are considered: (1) twi and sna are activated in the embryos as a result of positional signals placed in the egg as a consequence of the functioning of the dl gene during oogenesis and, thus, play a role in embryonic determination. (2) The gene products of dl  + and twi  + (or sna  +) combine to produce a functional molecule that is involved in the specification of dorsoventral pattern in the early embryo.

Preschoolers’ Intimate Partner Violence Exposure and Their Speeded Control Abilities Eight Years Later: A Longitudinal Mediation Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110358
Author(s):  
Hannah M. Clark ◽  
Andrew C. Grogan-Kaylor ◽  
Maria M. Galano ◽  
Sara F. Stein ◽  
Sandra A. Graham-Bermann
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Environmental Threats

Executive functioning (EF), or a set of related cognitive skills that facilitate goal-oriented behavior, is a critical aspect of adaptive development. Mounting research indicates that exposure to environmental threats during the preschool years jeopardizes EF; however, the extent and mechanisms through which early exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) influences children’s EF are unknown. Using data from an eight-year longitudinal investigation of mothers who had experienced IPV and their preschool-aged children (N = 120), this study examined the relative influence of recent and remote IPV exposure on speeded control—a component of EF influenced by processing speed—in late childhood. Results indicated that preschoolers’ IPV exposure had a significant negative impact on their speeded control eight years later, and this relation was mediated by the remote effects of IPV on their mothers. Specifically, IPV was positively associated with maternal depression, which in turn contributed to greater use of negative parenting strategies when children were of preschool age. Children’s IPV exposure during late childhood was not predictive of their concurrent speeded control. These findings lend further evidence to the notion that the preschool years are a sensitive period for the mastery of EF skills and that IPV exposure is a distinct risk factor that can have protracted effects on children’s cognitive development. Further, this study points to modifiable environmental risk factors, which, through targeted prevention and intervention efforts, could promote EF across the lifespan.

scholarly journals Postnatal Day 2 to 11 Constitutes a 5-HT-Sensitive Period Impacting Adult mPFC Function

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (37) ◽  
pp. 12379-12393 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Rebello ◽  
Q. Yu ◽  
N. M. Goodfellow ◽  
M. K. Caffrey Cagliostro ◽  
A. Teissier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitive Period
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