Using fast-acting temperature-sensitive mutants to study cell division in Caenorhabditis elegans

2017 ◽  
pp. 283-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Davies ◽  
S. Sundaramoorthy ◽  
S.N. Jordan ◽  
M. Shirasu-Hiza ◽  
J. Dumont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Mutants ◽  
Fast Acting

Stomatogenesis in Paramecium tetraurelia: genetics and phenotypes of mutants affecting the development of the oral apparatus

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 2177-2187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai-Wa Tam ◽  
Stephen F. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Paramecium Tetraurelia ◽  
Single Mutant ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Mutants ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Acting In Concert

Seven temperature-sensitive mutants of Paramecium tetraurelia, in which the development of the oral apparatus was affected, were recovered from mutagenesis with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and ultraviolet irradiation and analysed. Five of them (short-1, buccalless-1, crook-1, monster-1, monster-2) were shown to possess single mutant recessive genes (designated sh1, bu1, cr1, mo1, and mo2, respectively). The other two, short-2 and short-3, were probably of the same mutagenic origin, which involved two linked recessive loci acting in concert. The short mutants are characterized by reduction in the length of the buccal cavity and oral membranelles and disruption of the organization of the membranelles. The crook mutant shows extra curvature and lengthening of the oral membranelles. The buccalless mutant exhibits loss of the buccal cavity, in addition to the absence, shortening, or disruption of the organization of oral membranelles. The monsters develop abnormal oral apparatuses and abnormalities in cell division giving rise to monstrous cells. All of these mutations are pleiotropic in expression. While the genes for short-1 and crook-1 affect stomatogenesis in the asexual and sexual cycles to similar extents, the other five mutants exhibit defects only in asexual stomatogenesis. The developmental interests of these mutants are discussed.

scholarly journals MIP-MAP: High Throughput Mapping of Caenorhabditis elegans Temperature-Sensitive Mutants via Molecular Inversion Probes

Genetics ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. genetics.300179.2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin A. Mok ◽  
Vinci Au ◽  
Owen A. Thompson ◽  
Mark L. Edgley ◽  
Louis Gevirtzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Mutants ◽  
Molecular Inversion Probes

scholarly journals A genetic map of several mutations affecting the mucopeptide layer ofEscherichia coli

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. W. Wijsman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Ofescherichia Coli ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Restrictive Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Mutants

SUMMARYSeveral temperature-sensitive mutants ofEscherichia coliwere isolated which lyse at the restrictive temperature. Some of these possess a biochemically defined lesion in cell-wall mucopeptide synthesis. Three genes, termedmurC, EandF, have been localized between theaziandleumarkers. From transductional data a fine structure map was constructed of themurmutations, establishing the order of the genes. The genetic relationship between these cell wall genes and neighbouring genes involved in cell division is discussed.

scholarly journals THE SELECTION OF AMBER MUTATIONS IN GENES REQUIRED FOR COMPLETION OF START, THE CONTROLLING EVENT OF THE CELL DIVISION CYCLE OF S. CEREVISIAE

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven I Reed
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Cell Division Cycle ◽  
Class I ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Mutants ◽  
Amber Suppressor ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Using a modification of a procedure developed for the isolation of temperature-sensitive mutants defective in the start event of cell division, amber mutations were obtained for two Class-I start genes, cdc28 and cdc37. Genetic analysis demonstrated that co-segregation of an amber suppressor with such alleles was required for viability of spores subsequent to meiosis. These mutations are expected to be useful in the identification of the molecular products of the genes cdc28 and cdc37.

scholarly journals Causal relations among cell cycle processes in Tetrahymena pyriformis. An analysis employing temperature-sensitive mutants.

1976 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Frankel ◽  
L M Jenkins ◽  
L E DeBault
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Restrictive Temperature ◽  
Developmental Pathway ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Mutants ◽  
Oral Development ◽  
Macronuclear Division

Utilization of temperature-sensitive mutants of Tetrahymena pyriformis affected in cell division or developmental pathway selection has permitted elucidation of causal dependencies interrelating micronuclear and macronuclear replication and division, oral development, and cytokinesis. In those mutants in which cell division is specifically blocked at restrictive temperatures, micronuclear division proceeds with somewhat accelerated periodicity but maintains normal coupling to predivision oral development. Macronuclear division is almost totally suppressed in an early acting mutant (mola) that prevents formation of the fission zone, and is variably affected in other mutants (such as mo3) that allow the fission zone to form but arrest constriction. However, macronuclear DNA synthesis can proceed for about four cycles in the nondividing mutant cells. A second class of mutants (psm) undergoes a switch of developmental pathway such that cells fail to enter division but instead repeatedly carry out an unusual type of oral replacement while growing in nutrient medium at the restrictive temperature. Under these circumstances no nuclei divide, yet macronuclear DNA accumulation continues. These results suggest that (a) macronuclear division is stringently affected by restriction of cell division, (b) micronuclear division and replication can continue in cells that are undergoing the type of oral development that is characteristic of division cycles, and (c) macronuclear DNA synthesis can continue in growing cells regardless of their developmental status. The observed relationships among events are consistent with the further suggestion that the cell cycle in this organism may consist of separate clusters of events. with a varying degree of coupling among clusters. A minimal model of the Tetrahymena cell cycle that takes these phenomena into account is suggested.

scholarly journals A Genetic Screen for Temperature-Sensitive Cell-Division Mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 1303-1321
Author(s):  
Kevin F O'Connell ◽  
Charles M Leys ◽  
John G White
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Embryonic Cell ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Restrictive Temperature ◽  
Mitotic Spindles ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cell Cycles ◽  
Maternal Expression

Abstract A novel screen to isolate conditional cell-division mutants in Caenorhabditis elegans has been developed. The screen is based on the phenotypes associated with existing cell-division mutations: some disrupt postembryonic divisions and affect formation of the gonad and ventral nerve cord—resulting in sterile, uncoordinated animals—while others affect embryonic divisions and result in lethality. We obtained 19 conditional mutants that displayed these phenotypes when shifted to the restrictive temperature at the appropriate developmental stage. Eighteen of these mutations have been mapped; 17 proved to be single alleles of newly identified genes, while 1 proved to be an allele of a previously identified gene. Genetic tests on the embryonic lethal phenotypes indicated that for 13 genes, embryogenesis required maternal expression, while for 6, zygotic expression could suffice. In all cases, maternal expression of wild-type activity was found to be largely sufficient for embryogenesis. Cytological analysis revealed that 10 mutants possessed embryonic cell-division defects, including failure to properly segregate DNA, failure to assemble a mitotic spindle, late cytokinesis defects, prolonged cell cycles, and improperly oriented mitotic spindles. We conclude that this approach can be used to identify mutations that affect various aspects of the cell-division cycle.

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