Adverse Childhood Experiences: Translating Knowledge into Identification of Children at Risk for Poor Outcomes

Child maltreatment and other adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) often cooccur and are related to negative socioemotional outcomes; however, limited research differentiates how maltreatment versus other ACEs predict such outcomes. These efforts are necessary to determine whether cumulative ACE screening efforts best predict those at risk for poor outcomes. We examined cumulative childhood ACEs, cumulative maltreatment subtypes, and adult attachment quality in 379 young and middle-aged adults. This sample enabled comparison between emerging adults and older adults who have navigated additional developmental tasks that may counteract the effects of early ACEs. More ACEs and maltreatment experiences predicted insecure anxious, avoidant, and fearful attachment styles; however, maltreatment failed to predict unique variance in attachment quality beyond other ACEs. Results suggest that maltreatment may be best categorized as part of a general cumulative risk profile predicting poor socioemotional outcomes. Findings support burgeoning trends in medical and social service settings assessing ACEs using simple dichotomous screening tools to identify those requiring intervention and support services.

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The Interrelation of Adverse Childhood Experiences within an At-Risk Pediatric Sample

Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma ◽

10.1080/19361521.2013.811459 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 217-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Brandon G. Scott ◽

Nadine J. Burke ◽

Carl F. Weems ◽

Julia L. Hellman ◽

Victor G. Carrión

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood

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Adverse childhood experiences are associated with at-risk drinking, cannabis and illicit drug use in females but not males: an Emergency Department study

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse ◽

10.1080/00952990.2020.1823989 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 739-748

Author(s):

Carol B. Cunradi ◽

Raul Caetano ◽

Harrison J. Alter ◽

William R. Ponicki

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Drug Use ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood

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Adverse Childhood Experiences: Developments in Trauma and Resilience Aware Services

The British Journal of Social Work ◽

10.1093/bjsw/bcaa080 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Trevor Spratt ◽

Mary Kennedy

Keyword(s):

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Policy Development ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Short Term ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Poor Outcomes ◽

The Uk ◽

The Life Course ◽

Research And Policy

Abstract Research has demonstrated conclusively that the experience of adversities in childhood increases the risks for poor outcomes in the domains of physical and mental health and economic and social circumstances across the life course. This has produced a wave of interest in the effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences internationally, with developments in policy across the UK nations reflective of this. The translation of such research and policy development has witnessed the growing dominance of the ‘toxic stress model’ as underpinning the early signalling of troubles in children. Such signals are further conceptualised as the presence of ‘trauma’. It is upon these conceptual pillars that therapeutically orientated services are being built. In this article, we describe these developments, offering as they do, challenges to short-term interventions as well as providing opportunities for social workers to appropriate the developing knowledge base so as to inform more effective ways of working.

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Relationships between adverse childhood experiences and protective factors among parents at-risk for child maltreatment

Children and Youth Services Review ◽

10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104816 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 110 ◽

pp. 104816 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lisa S. Panisch ◽

Catherine A. LaBrenz ◽

Jennifer Lawson ◽

Beth Gerlach ◽

Patrick S. Tennant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Child Maltreatment ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood

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Exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences and High-Risk Behaviors in Native-Born Adolescents Versus Immigrant Adolescents at a Regional Center for Homeless and At-Risk Youth

10.1542/peds.147.3_meetingabstract.200-a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ideen Tabatabai ◽

Marti Baum

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

High Risk ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

At Risk Youth ◽

High Risk Behaviors ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Immigrant Adolescents ◽

Regional Center ◽

Adverse Childhood

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Adverse Childhood Experiences of Urban and Rural Preschool Children in Poverty

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16142623 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (14) ◽

pp. 2623 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Leanne Whiteside-Mansell ◽

Lorraine McKelvey ◽

Jennifer Saccente ◽

James P. Selig

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Black Children ◽

The United States ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Cohen’S D ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Cohen's D

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have long-term health consequences. Young children in the southern part of the United States (US) are at greater risk than children in other parts of the US. This study assessed preschool children ACEs using a family-friendly tool, the Family Map (FMI), and compared children living in rural/urban areas while examining the potential moderation of race. The FMI–ACE score was examined as a total and two sub-scores. We found that race did not moderate the FMI–ACE score but that Black children (Cohen’s d = 0.52) and children in urban and large rural areas were at highest risk (Cohen’s d = 0.38). However, the subscale FMI–ACEs parenting risk was moderated by race such as that Black children were less at risk in rural areas than urban (Cohen’s d = 0.62). For FMI–ACEs environmental risk, race moderated risk such that Black children were most at risk in large rural areas but less so in small rural areas (Cohen’s d = 0.21). Hispanic children were most at risk in small rural areas and least in large rural environments. Findings from this study suggest that targeting the most at-risk children for interventions should consider the context including race and location.

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