Cost-effective and compact analog compensation method of thermal drift of implantable piezoresistive blood pressure sensors

Introduction: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The US government, through the Healthy People Initiative 2020, set targets to improve hypertension prevalence and treatment rates in US adults by a relative 10% from 2005 to 2020, and increase control rates by a relative 40%. We examined US progress towards this goal from 2005-2018. Methods: We analyzed data from 38,876 non-pregnant US adults from the NHANES 2005-2018 surveys to determine nationally representative estimates of hypertension prevalence, treatment rates, and control. Temporal trends in hypertension prevalence, treatment, and control were assessed using weighted linear regression after age adjustment to the 2000 US census (per the Healthy People Initiative approach). In the base case, we defined hypertension as blood pressure >140/90 or on an antihypertensive; we used the ACC/AHA definition of blood pressure >130/80 in sensitivity analyses. Results: In 2017-2018, 34.3% (±1.7) of US adults had hypertension, of these 69.7% (±1.5) were on treatment, and 43.7% (±1.6) were controlled. After age-adjustment, no statistically significant changes in hypertension prevalence, treatment rates, or control were observed from 2005-2018 (p for trend 0.91, ,0.98, 0.66, Figure 1). In sensitivity analyses, applying the ACC/AHA definition increased the estimated prevalence of hypertension during the period, but trends in prevalence remained unchanged. Conclusions: There has been no material progress in reducing the prevalence of hypertension or improving rates of treatment and control from 2005 to 2018. As planning is underway for Healthy People Initiative 2030, setting of hypertension targets must be accompanied with investments in cost-effective, scalable programs to improve blood pressure control nationwide, with a focus on high-risk populations.

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Effect of Music on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Patients Undergoing Cataract Extraction Surgery

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/309 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (20) ◽

pp. 1474-1478

Author(s):

Aditi Gadegone ◽

Sachin Daigavane ◽

Ruta Walavalkar

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Local Anaesthesia ◽

Large Population ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cataract Extraction ◽

Topical Anaesthesia ◽

Heart Rates ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Before And After ◽

Anxiety Levels

BACKGROUND Music is an inexpensive, easily available anxiolytic known to mankind since ages. Cataract extraction surgery is one of the widely performed surgeries under local anaesthesia. India is a developing country where limited resources are spent over health infrastructure which has to cater to a large population. In our study we have tried to utilize the anxietolytic effect of music in combating the anxiety and stress patients suffer during surgery. METHODS In this prospective, interventional study, 300 patients diagnosed with senile cataract were selected. The sample size was decided taking into consideration various prevalence studies. The patients were consequently recruited for the study considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into three groups - one undergoing phacoemulsification surgery under topical anaesthesia and two groups undergoing phacoemulsification surgery under local anaesthesia by the same surgeon in a same operating room. Two groups including the one where topical anaesthesia was used were made to listen to ‘Classical Sitar Music’ whereas one group was not made to listen to music. Blood pressure and heart rates were measured before and after surgery and compared in all patients. RESULTS Blood pressure and heart rates were statistically significantly normalized (lowered) post-operatively when compared to their pre-operative values in groups which were made to listen to music. There was a marked decrease in the anxiety levels in patients who were operated under topical anaesthesia when compared to those operated under local anaesthesia. CONCLUSIONS Music can be widely used in decreasing anxiety levels in patients undergoing cataract extraction surgery thereby improving the post-operative prognosis in patients in a cost-effective way. KEY WORDS Phacoemulsification Surgery, Classical Sitar Music, Peri-Bulbar Block, Topical Anaesthesia, Anxiety, Blood Pressure, Pulse Rate

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Implantable Blood Pressure Sensors with Analogic Thermal Drift Compensation

Engineering Proceedings ◽

10.3390/i3s2021dresden-10126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Serigne Modou Die Mbacke ◽

Mohammed El Gibari ◽

Benjamin Lauzier ◽

Chantal Gautier ◽

Hongwu Li

Keyword(s):

Output Voltage ◽

Pressure Sensors ◽

Equivalent Model ◽

Battery Life ◽

Implantable Sensors ◽

Thermal Drift ◽

Research Activity ◽

Drift Compensation ◽

The Cost ◽

Conditioning Circuit

Implantable pressure sensors represent an important part of the research activity in laboratories. Unfortunately, their use is limited by cost, autonomy and temperature-related drifts. The cost of use depends on several parameters, particularly their low battery life and the need for miniaturization to be able to implant the animals and monitor them over a time that is long enough to be physiologically relevant. This paper studied the possibility of reducing the thermal drift of implantable sensors. To quantify and compensate for the thermal drift, we developed the equivalent model of the piezoresistive probe by using the Cadence software. Our model takes into account the temperature (34–39 °C) as well as the pressure (0–300 mmHg). We were thus able to identify the source of the drift and thanks to our model, we were able to compensate for it thanks to the compensation circuits added to the conditioning circuits of the sensor. The maximum relative drift of the sensor is (0.1 mV/°C)/3.6 mV (2.7%), a drift of the conditioning circuit is (0.98 mV/°C)/916 mV (0.1%) and the whole is (13.4 mV/°C)/420 mV (32%). The compensated sensor shows a relative maximum drift of (0.371 mV/°C)/405 mV (0.09%). The output voltage remains stable over the measurement temperature range.

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Disposable blood pressure sensors with digital on-chop laser trimming

10.1109/solsen.1988.26455 ◽

2003 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. Bryzek ◽

R. Mayer ◽

P. Barth

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Pressure Sensors

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A compensation method of the offset thermal drift of sensor using the neural network algorithm

2008 9th International Conference on Signal Processing ◽

10.1109/icosp.2008.4697468 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Zhezhao Zeng ◽

Lulu Zheng ◽

Dongmei Ling

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Compensation Method ◽

Thermal Drift ◽

Network Algorithm ◽

The Neural Network ◽

Neural Network Algorithm

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Abstract P497: Re-analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT): The Renal Consequences of Intensive versus Standard Blood Pressure Lowering

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.70.suppl_1.p497 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Leora Branfield Day ◽

David M Naimark

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Lifetime Cost ◽

Intensive Therapy ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Pressure Control ◽

Average Lifetime ◽

Ckd Progression ◽

Lifetime Horizon ◽

Increased Risk

Background: BP management guidelines suggest that persons with CKD should be treated to a SBP ≤ 140 mmHg. SPRINT compared this target to intensive SBP lowering (≤ 120 mmHg) in persons with and without CKD and found a reduced rate of CV events and all-cause mortality (ACM). However intensive therapy was associated with an increased risk of AKI. We extrapolated the results of SPRINT over a lifetime horizon to determine whether in the long-term, the benefit in terms of the primary outcome would be less economically attractive when the risks of more frequent AKI and subsequent CKD progression were considered. Methods: We re-configured the CKD Simulator, a Markov model of CKD progression, AKI events, fatal and non-fatal CV events, and ESRD. We recalibrated the model to be representative of the SPRINT cohort and compared intensive vs. standard blood pressure control among 10 million simulated persons with and without CKD over their lifetimes. Marginal treatment costs were calculated and hazard ratios for AKI, CV events and ACM observed in SPRINT were applied to the monthly probabilities of these events in the intensive SBP arm. Results: Lifetime average, discounted, costs per person associated with intensive vs. standard SBP lowering were predicted to be $35,811 and $30,584, respectively. Quality-adjusted, discounted average lifespans were 196.05 and 190.47 months, respectively. The cost of each quality-adjusted life-year gained by adopting intensive over standard BP lowering would be $11,220, significantly below the accepted cost-effectiveness threshold of $50,000. Intensive SBP control would reduce the lifetime incidence of at least one CV event by 5.5%, but increase the incidence of at least one AKI episode and ESRD by 1.7% and 0.7%, respectively. These differences were associated with average lifetime cost savings per person of $459 for CV events, but losses of $161 and $2,889 for AKI and ESRD. Discussion: Intensive SBP management would be cost-effective and associated with a significant lifetime reduction in CV events. However, there would be an increase in the lifetime risk of AKI and ESRD, contributing to 58% of the total increase in cost of intensive relative to usual SBP control. Intensive SBP lowering should be adopted judiciously in persons at high risk of ESRD.

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OP348 Assessing The Potential Value Of Wearable Digital Health Technologies In Chronic Kidney Disease Using Early Health Technology Assessment Methods

International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care ◽

10.1017/s0266462321001033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (S1) ◽

pp. 15-16

Author(s):

Vijay S. Gc ◽

Andrea Manca ◽

Alexander J. Casson ◽

Steven Antrobus ◽

Cynthia Iglesias

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Digital Health ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Health Technology ◽

Self Management ◽

Health Technologies ◽

Early Health Technology Assessment ◽

Early Health

IntroductionWearable digital health technologies (WDHTs) offer several solutions in terms of disease monitoring, management and delivery of specific interventions. In chronic conditions, WDHTs can be used to support individuals’ self-management efforts, potentially improving adherence to (and outcomes resulting from) interventions. Early health technology assessment (HTA) methods can inform considerations about the potential clinical and economic benefits of technology in the initial phases of the product's lifecycle, facilitating identification of those Research & Development (R&D) investments with the greatest potential stakeholders’ payoff. We report our experience of using early HTA methods to support R&D decisions relating to novel WDHT being designed to support self-management of chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsWe performed a literature review, focus-group interviews with patients, and qualitative interviews with the prototype development team to understand the relevant characteristics of WDHTs, quantify relevant clinical indications and existing technological constraints. An early economic evaluation was used to identify the key drivers of value for money, and a discrete choice experiment shed light onto patient preferences towards what key features the WDHT should have for the users to adopt it. Then a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis was undertaken incorporating headroom analysis, return on investment, one-way sensitivity analysis and scenario analyses using data from secondary sources.ResultsThe review of the literature, focus groups with CKD patients, and qualitative interviews with technology developers helped to understand relevant characteristics of WDHT and user preferences helped inform the next R&D iteration. Compared to the standard care, WDHT that support stage ≥3 CKD patients self-management at home by measuring blood pressure and monitor mobility has the potential to be cost-effective at conventional cost-effectiveness threshold levels. From the headroom analysis, novel WDHT can be priced up to GBP280 (EUR315, USD360) and still be cost-effective compared to standard home blood pressure monitoring.ConclusionsOur study provides valuable information for the further development of the WDHT, such as defining a go/no-go decision, as well as providing a template for performing early HTA of Digital Health Interventions.

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