Mindfulness as a mediator of the association between adverse childhood experiences and alcohol use and consequences

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious social and public health problem in the United States. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and alcohol use have been found to be associated with IPV perpetration; however, limited studies have examined the interrelationships of these variables among Black men. This is the first known study to systematically review and synthesize studies on the interrelationships of ACEs, alcohol use, and IPV perpetration among Black men. Comprehensive literature searches were conducted in PubMed and six EBSCOhost databases by a research librarian and two researchers. Twenty studies met inclusion criteria: empirical; available in English; included ACEs, alcohol use/substance abuse, and IPV perpetration variables in the analyses; and samples included Black/African American male IPV perpetrators aged ≥ 18 years. ACEs were found to be associated with IPV perpetration among Black men, but findings were mixed regarding the role of alcohol in relation to ACEs and IPV. Numerous ACE factors (1–6) were used across studies. However, findings regarding the co-occurrence of ACE factors are inconclusive because none of the studies examined the cumulative effects of exposure to more than one type of ACE on subsequent IPV perpetration. Implications for policy, practice, and research related to the interrelationships of ACEs, alcohol use, and IPV perpetration are provided. Future work is needed to better explicate the interrelationships among these constructs.

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Adverse childhood experiences and their Alcohol, and chat Consumption among school-going adolescents, Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study

10.29328/journal.apmh.1001025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 076-083

Author(s):

Tsehay Mekonnen ◽

Necho Mogesie ◽

Belete Asmare ◽

Mekonnen Werkua

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Providers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood

Background: Alcohol and chat use during adolescence is associated with academic and health problems, including abuse or dependence in adulthood. The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and early initiation of alcohol and chat use among school-going adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 546 school-going adolescents. The ACE International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) was used to assess ACEs, Alcohol and chat use was assessed by questions prepared by the authors. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between overall ACE score and alcohol use and the potential moderating effects of confounders. Results: prevalence of chat chewing behavior was 26.6% followed by alcohol use 20%. A total of 66.2% of participants reported at least one ACE, and 5.93% reported four or more ACEs. High/Multiple ACEs (ACEs=1-3 and above 3) were significantly associated with increased alcohol use behaviors (AOR=1.491(1.072-3.078) and (AOR=3.171(1.330-7.560) respectively and increased chat use behaviors by 4.92 times (AOR=4.92, 95%CI=2.640-8.432) and 11.022 times (AOR=11.022, 95%CI=1.230-25.560) respectively controlling other factors. Conclusion: ACEs were significantly associated with risk behaviors, alcohol and chat use may lead to poor health, and educational outcomes among adolescent students and numbers of ACEs have graded association. Social support, sex, residence, parent educational status, and current level of depressive symptoms were significant modulating factors, which parents, school teachers, psychologists, and adolescent health care providers should give the concern to decrease the effect on school-going adolescents.

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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adolescent Delinquency in a High-Risk Sample

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice ◽

10.1177/1541204017735568 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 395-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Abigail A. Fagan ◽

Abigail Novak

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Marijuana Use ◽

Race Differences ◽

Adolescent Delinquency ◽

Youth Offenders ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Household Dysfunction ◽

Adverse Childhood

Research shows that adverse events experienced during childhood (i.e., adverse childhood experiences [ACEs]) are problematic, but few studies have examined race differences in the prevalence and impact of ACEs on delinquency. This study investigated these relationships using prospective data from approximately 600 high-risk families in the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. Ten ACEs were measured, five types of child maltreatment and five types of household dysfunction. White youth experienced a significantly greater number of ACEs (4.08) compared to Black youth (2.90) and a greater prevalence of seven individual ACEs. According to logistic regression analyses, the number of ACEs significantly increased the likelihood of self-reported alcohol use, marijuana use, violence (in some models), and arrest at age 16 among Blacks but not Whites; race differences were statistically significant for alcohol use, marijuana use, and arrest. The findings support the need for juvenile justice officials to recognize the trauma histories of youth offenders when determining appropriate treatment and sanctions.

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Adverse childhood experiences, childhood relationships and associated substance use and mental health in young Europeans

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz037 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 741-747 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Karen Hughes ◽

Mark A Bellis ◽

Dinesh Sethi ◽

Rachel Andrew ◽

Yongjie Yon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Problem Alcohol Use ◽

Childhood Relationships ◽

Problem Alcohol

Abstract Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can increase risks of health-harming behaviours and poor health throughout life. While increases in risk may be affected by resilience resources such as supportive childhood relationships, to date few studies have explored these effects. Methods We combined data from cross-sectional ACE studies among young adults (n = 14 661) in educational institutions in 10 European countries. Nine ACE types, childhood relationships and six health outcomes (early alcohol initiation, problem alcohol use, smoking, drug use, therapy, suicide attempt) were explored. Multivariate modelling estimated relationships between ACE counts, supportive childhood relationships and health outcomes. Results Almost half (46.2%) of participants reported ≥1 ACE and 5.6% reported ≥4 ACEs. Risks of all outcomes increased with ACE count. In individuals with ≥4 ACEs (vs. 0 ACEs), adjusted odds ratios ranged from 2.01 (95% CIs: 1.70–2.38) for smoking to 17.68 (95% CIs: 12.93–24.17) for suicide attempt. Supportive childhood relationships were independently associated with moderating risks of smoking, problem alcohol use, therapy and suicide attempt. In those with ≥4 ACEs, adjusted proportions reporting suicide attempt reduced from 23% with low supportive childhood relationships to 13% with higher support. Equivalent reductions were 25% to 20% for therapy, 23% to 17% for problem drinking and 34% to 32% for smoking. Conclusions ACEs are strongly associated with substance use and mental illness. Harmful relationships are moderated by resilience factors such as supportive childhood relationships. Whilst ACEs continue to affect many children, better prevention measures and interventions that enhance resilience to the life-long impacts of toxic childhood stress are required.

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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Alcohol Use Consumption Patterns among Vulnerable Urban Youth in Uganda

Addiction Research and Adolescent Behaviour ◽

10.31579/2688-7517/017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 01-08

Author(s):

Monica H Swahn ◽

Nina K. Babihuga ◽

Shanta R. Dube ◽

Rogers Kasirye

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Youth Development ◽

Urban Youth ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Alcohol Prevention ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Vulnerable Youth ◽

Adverse Childhood

Purpose: Youth living in the urban slums in Uganda have many unmet needs. The purpose of the current study is to briefly examine the associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and alcohol use patterns, an understudied area among urban vulnerable youth, in order to provide guidance and insight for service provision for youth. Methods: The current data analysis is based on a cross-sectional survey conducted in June 2011 which consisted of a convenience sample of youth living in the slums (ages 14-24) attending a drop-in center, Uganda Youth Development Link (UYDEL). Descriptive statistics were computed. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine psychosocial correlates with being an orphan. Results: Factors associated with alcohol use varied by sex (p<.05) (alcohol use was more common among girls), age (p<.000), (alcohol use more common among youth 18 years of age and older) and alcohol use were also more common among youth who reported the following ACEs; parents hitting each other (p<.000) , parental use of alcohol (p<.000), being hungry (p<.000), having ever lived on the street (p<.000) and having been raped (p<.000). Conclusions: The prevalence of ACEs were high in this study population which is a great concern. Moreover ACEs were associated with earlier age of alcohol use initiation, frequent and heavy drinking underscoring the need for additional support for past childhood trauma as well as alcohol prevention efforts for these vulnerable youth.

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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Early Initiation of Marijuana and Alcohol Use: The Potential Moderating Effects of Internal Assets

Substance Use & Misuse ◽

10.1080/10826084.2017.1421224 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (10) ◽

pp. 1624-1632 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Debanjana Chatterjee ◽

Barbara McMorris ◽

Amy L. Gower ◽

Myriam Forster ◽

Iris Wagman Borowsky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Early Initiation ◽

Moderating Effects ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Internal Assets

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Adverse childhood experiences and the association with initiating Alcohol, and chat Consumption before age of 18, in school going adolescents, Ethiopia: cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-24816/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mekonnen Tsehay ◽

Mogese Necho ◽

Asmare Belete

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Health ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood

Abstract Background : Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were associated with poor health outcomes and health-threatening behaviors later in life. The objective of the present study was to investigate associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and early initiation of alcohol and chat use among school going adolescents.Methods : A cross-sectional study was performed with 546 school going adolescents. The ACE International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) was used to assess ACEs, including emotional, physical, and sexual forms of abuse and neglect, as well as household dysfunction. Alcohol and chat use was assessed by questions prepared by authors. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between overall ACE score and alcohol use and the potential moderating effects of confounders.Results : prevalence of chat chewing behavior was 26.6% followed by alcohol use 20%, and small number of student’s use cigarette smoking and other illicit drug users (0.9%) (ganja and Shisha) each. A total of 66.2% of participants reported at least one ACE, and 5.93% reported four or more ACEs. Increased ACE scores were associated with increased risks of drinking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.09, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.00–1.09), chronic disease (AOR =1.17, 95% CI: 1.06–1.28), depression (AOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.27–1.48), and posttraumatic stress disorder (AOR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.23–1.42) in adulthood. After adjusting for confounding factors, the individual ACE components had different impacts on risk behavior and health, particularly on poor mental health outcomes in adulthood.Conclusions : Alcohol and Chat use was prevalent and public health concern among school going adolescents. ACEs were significantly associated with risk behaviors, alcohol and chat use may lead poor health and educational outcomes among adolescent students and numbers of ACEs have graded association. Social support, sex, residence, parent educational status and current level of depressive symptoms were significant modulating factors, which parents, school teachers, psychologists and adolescent health care providers should give concern to decrease the effect on school going adolescents.

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