Adverse childhood experiences, childhood relationships and associated substance use and mental health in young Europeans

Abstract Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can increase risks of health-harming behaviours and poor health throughout life. While increases in risk may be affected by resilience resources such as supportive childhood relationships, to date few studies have explored these effects. Methods We combined data from cross-sectional ACE studies among young adults (n = 14 661) in educational institutions in 10 European countries. Nine ACE types, childhood relationships and six health outcomes (early alcohol initiation, problem alcohol use, smoking, drug use, therapy, suicide attempt) were explored. Multivariate modelling estimated relationships between ACE counts, supportive childhood relationships and health outcomes. Results Almost half (46.2%) of participants reported ≥1 ACE and 5.6% reported ≥4 ACEs. Risks of all outcomes increased with ACE count. In individuals with ≥4 ACEs (vs. 0 ACEs), adjusted odds ratios ranged from 2.01 (95% CIs: 1.70–2.38) for smoking to 17.68 (95% CIs: 12.93–24.17) for suicide attempt. Supportive childhood relationships were independently associated with moderating risks of smoking, problem alcohol use, therapy and suicide attempt. In those with ≥4 ACEs, adjusted proportions reporting suicide attempt reduced from 23% with low supportive childhood relationships to 13% with higher support. Equivalent reductions were 25% to 20% for therapy, 23% to 17% for problem drinking and 34% to 32% for smoking. Conclusions ACEs are strongly associated with substance use and mental illness. Harmful relationships are moderated by resilience factors such as supportive childhood relationships. Whilst ACEs continue to affect many children, better prevention measures and interventions that enhance resilience to the life-long impacts of toxic childhood stress are required.

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Adverse childhood experiences and the association with initiating Alcohol, and chat Consumption before age of 18, in school going adolescents, Ethiopia: cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-24816/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mekonnen Tsehay ◽

Mogese Necho ◽

Asmare Belete

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Health ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood

Abstract Background : Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were associated with poor health outcomes and health-threatening behaviors later in life. The objective of the present study was to investigate associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and early initiation of alcohol and chat use among school going adolescents.Methods : A cross-sectional study was performed with 546 school going adolescents. The ACE International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) was used to assess ACEs, including emotional, physical, and sexual forms of abuse and neglect, as well as household dysfunction. Alcohol and chat use was assessed by questions prepared by authors. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between overall ACE score and alcohol use and the potential moderating effects of confounders.Results : prevalence of chat chewing behavior was 26.6% followed by alcohol use 20%, and small number of student’s use cigarette smoking and other illicit drug users (0.9%) (ganja and Shisha) each. A total of 66.2% of participants reported at least one ACE, and 5.93% reported four or more ACEs. Increased ACE scores were associated with increased risks of drinking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.09, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.00–1.09), chronic disease (AOR =1.17, 95% CI: 1.06–1.28), depression (AOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.27–1.48), and posttraumatic stress disorder (AOR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.23–1.42) in adulthood. After adjusting for confounding factors, the individual ACE components had different impacts on risk behavior and health, particularly on poor mental health outcomes in adulthood.Conclusions : Alcohol and Chat use was prevalent and public health concern among school going adolescents. ACEs were significantly associated with risk behaviors, alcohol and chat use may lead poor health and educational outcomes among adolescent students and numbers of ACEs have graded association. Social support, sex, residence, parent educational status and current level of depressive symptoms were significant modulating factors, which parents, school teachers, psychologists and adolescent health care providers should give concern to decrease the effect on school going adolescents.

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Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and substance use in youth offenders in Singapore

Child Abuse & Neglect ◽

10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 117 ◽

pp. 105072

Author(s):

Adam Oei ◽

Chi Meng Chu ◽

Dongdong Li ◽

Nyx Ng ◽

Carl Yeo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Youth Offenders ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood

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Predicting Different Types of Intimate Partner Aggression Perpetration: The Roles of Problem Alcohol Use and Distress Tolerance

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260521990830 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088626052199083

Author(s):

Nora K. Kline ◽

Korine B. Cabrera ◽

Kathleen M. Palm Reed

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Sexual Coercion ◽

Distress Tolerance ◽

Psychological Aggression ◽

Physical Assault ◽

Problem Alcohol Use ◽

Intimate Partner Aggression ◽

Problem Alcohol ◽

Controlling Behaviors

Intimate partner aggression (IPA) victimization and substance use have been well established as risk factors for IPA perpetration ( Leonard, 2005 ; Sprunger et al., 2015 ). Recent research has identified a negative association between distress tolerance and physical and psychological IPA perpetration, specifically in males in substance use treatment ( Shorey et al., 2017 ). Research examining the interplay of problem substance use, distress tolerance, and other forms of IPA (i.e., sexual coercion, controlling behaviors) in non-clinical samples is limited. The present analysis aimed to examine the potential moderating effect of distress tolerance on problem alcohol use and four types of IPA perpetration (physical assault, psychological aggression, sexual coercion, and controlling behaviors) in a diverse, national sample ( N = 323; 44.3% female; 52.9% sexual minority; age M = 33.61 years, SD = 8.71). Results showed that alcohol use and distress tolerance had differing influences on each IPA perpetration type. In line with hypotheses, distress tolerance significantly moderated the relationship between problem alcohol use and two forms of IPA (physical assault and controlling behaviors); this relationship was stronger for individuals with low levels of distress tolerance. Significant interaction effects did not emerge for psychological aggression or sexual coercion. Findings suggest that treatment strategies that focus specifically on increasing distress tolerance may be effective in reducing alcohol-facilitated IPA perpetration involving physical assault and controlling behaviors.

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Associations Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Prenatal Mental Health and Substance Use Among Urban, Low-Income Women

Community Mental Health Journal ◽

10.1007/s10597-021-00862-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Divya L. Jasthi ◽

Sarah Nagle-Yang ◽

Scott Frank ◽

Marie Masotya ◽

Alissa Huth-Bocks

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Substance Use ◽

Low Income ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Low Income Women ◽

Prenatal Mental Health

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A commentary on Leza et al. (2021), Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and substance use disorder (SUD): A scoping review

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108782 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 108782

Author(s):

Michael T. McKay ◽

Mary C. Clarke

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorder ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood

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Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Substance Use Behaviors of Latinx Youth

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108936 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 108936

Author(s):

Carolina Villamil Grest ◽

Julie A. Cederbaum ◽

Jungeun Olivia Lee ◽

Jennifer B. Unger

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Latinx Youth

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Peer and Community Influences on Adolescent Substance Use in the Context of Adverse Childhood Experiences

Sociological Perspectives ◽

10.1177/07311214211018718 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 073112142110187

Author(s):

Haley Stritzel

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Peer Influences ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Community Influences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Peer Substance Use

Both adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and peer influences consistently predict early tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use. However, less research considers how peer and community influences contribute to or modify the association between ACEs and early substance use. This study addresses these gaps in the literature by analyzing multilevel, longitudinal data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN; N = 1,912). Unstructured socializing and peer substance use largely explained the association between ACEs and drinking, smoking cigarettes, and illicit drug use in the past month. A history of ACEs magnified the association between peer substance use and the number of cigarettes smoked. Collective efficacy also shaped the associations between peer influences, ACEs, and substance use, but in different ways depending on the substance use outcome analyzed.

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Associations of adverse childhood experiences and social support with self-injurious behaviour and suicidality in adolescents

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.2018.263 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 214 (3) ◽

pp. 146-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yuhui Wan ◽

Ruoling Chen ◽

Shuangshuang Ma ◽

Danielle McFeeters ◽

Ying Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Interaction Effects ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Individual

BackgroundThere is little investigation on the interaction effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and social support on non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in community adolescent populations, or gender differences in these effects.AimsTo examine the individual and interaction effects of ACEs and social support on NSSI, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in adolescents, and explore gender differences.MethodA school-based health survey was conducted in three provinces in China between 2013–2014. A total of 14 820 students aged 10–20 years completed standard questionnaires, to record details of ACEs, social support, NSSI, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.ResultsOf included participants, 89.4% reported one or more category of ACEs. The 12-month prevalence of NSSI, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt was 26.1%, 17.5% and 4.4%, respectively; all were significantly associated with increased ACEs and lower social support. The multiple adjusted odds ratio of NSSI in low versus high social support was 2.27 (95% CI 1.85–2.67) for girls and 1.81 (95% CI 1.53–2.14) for boys, and their ratio (Ratio of two odds ratios, ROR) was 1.25 (P = 0.037). Girls with high ACEs scores (5–6) and moderate or low social support also had a higher risk of suicide attempt than boys (RORs: 2.34, 1.84 and 2.02, respectively; all P < 0.05).ConclusionsACEs and low social support are associated with increased risk of NSSI and suicidality in Chinese adolescents. Strategies to improve social support, particularly among female adolescents with a high number of ACEs, should be an integral component of targeted mental health interventions.Declaration of interestNone.

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Adverse childhood experiences and consumption of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents of a Brazilian birth cohort

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00085815 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Helen Gonçalves ◽

Ana Luiza Gonçalves Soares ◽

Ana Paula Gomes dos Santos ◽

Camila Garcez Ribeiro ◽

Isabel Oliveira Bierhals ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Family Environment ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Men And Women ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

The Family ◽

Brazilian Cohort

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents from a Brazilian cohort. The occurrence of five ACEs, the use of alcohol and tobacco and trying illicit drugs were investigated in the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort at the age of 15 (n = 4,230). A score was created for the ACEs and their association with the use of substances was evaluated. Around 25% of adolescents consumed alcohol, 6% smoked and 2.1% reported having used drugs at least once in their lives. The ACEs were associated with the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. A dose-response relation between the number of ACEs and the substance use was found, particularly with regard to illicit drugs. The occurrence of ACEs was positively associated with the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents and the risk may be different for men and women. These results point to the fact that strategies for preventing the use of substances should include interventions both among adolescents and within the family environment.

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