scholarly journals A data-driven analysis of energy balance closure across FLUXNET research sites: The role of landscape scale heterogeneity

2013 ◽  
Vol 171-172 ◽  
pp. 137-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Stoy ◽  
Matthias Mauder ◽  
Thomas Foken ◽  
Barbara Marcolla ◽  
Eva Boegh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Energy Balance Closure ◽  
Scale Heterogeneity

Surface energy balance closure in an arid region: role of soil heat flux

2004 ◽  
Vol 122 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.G Heusinkveld ◽  
A.F.G Jacobs ◽  
A.A.M Holtslag ◽  
S.M Berkowicz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Surface Energy Balance ◽  
Soil Heat Flux ◽  
Energy Balance Closure

scholarly journals Role of net radiation on energy balance closure in heterogeneous grasslands

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2001-2033 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Shao ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
L. Li ◽  
G. Tenney ◽  
W. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Balance Closure ◽  
Net Radiation ◽  
Large Area

Abstract. Low energy balance closure (EBC) at a particular eddy-covariance flux site increased the uncertainties of carbon, water and energy measurements and thus hampered the urgent research of scaling up and modeling analysis through site combinations. A series of manipulative experiments were conducted in this study to explore the role of net radiation (Rn) in the EBC in relation to spatial variability of vegetation characteristics, source area, sensor type, and dome condition in the Inner Mongolian grassland of Northern China. At all three sites, the daytime peak residual fluxes of EBC were consistently about 100 W m−2 regardless of radiometers (i.e., REBS Q7.1 or CNR1). The spatial variability in net radiation was 19 W m−2 (5% of Rn) during the day and 7 W m−2 (16%) at night, with an average of 13 W m−2 (11%) from eight plot measurements across the three sites. Net radiation results were affected more by measurement source area in unclipped heterogeneous system than in clipped homogeneous vegetation. Large area measurement significantly (P<0.0001) increased by 9 W m−2 during the day and decreased by 4 W m−2 at night in unclipped treatments. With an increase in clipping intensity, net radiation decreased by 25 W m−2 (6% of Rn) at midday and 81 MJ m−2 (6%) during a growing season with heavier regular clipping than that in unclipped treatments. Additional effort in EBC between 9:00 and 15:00 LT is needed for future research because of high variation. Using this method, the EBC difference derived from the two types of net radiometers was only 6 W m−2. Results from Q7.1 with new domes were higher during the day but lower at night than those with used domes. Overall, the inclusion of the uncertainty in available energy accounted for 60% of the 100 W m−2 shortfalls in the lack of closure. Clearly, the unclosed energy balance at these three grassland sites remains significant, with unexplored mechanisms for future research.

Influence of Magnetic Fields on Solar Hydrodynamics: Experimental Results

1977 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 143-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.O. Stenflo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Solar Atmosphere ◽  
General Problem ◽  
Solar Rotation ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Phenomena

It is well-known that solar activity is basically caused by the Interaction of magnetic fields with convection and solar rotation, resulting in a great variety of dynamic phenomena, like flares, surges, sunspots, prominences, etc. Many conferences have been devoted to solar activity, including the role of magnetic fields. Similar attention has not been paid to the role of magnetic fields for the overall dynamics and energy balance of the solar atmosphere, related to the general problem of chromospheric and coronal heating. To penetrate this problem we have to focus our attention more on the physical conditions in the ‘quiet’ regions than on the conspicuous phenomena in active regions.

Ghrelin and Obesity-An Update

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandhi M. ◽  
Swaminathan S.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor ◽  
Type2 Diabetes ◽  
Type2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Natural Hormones

Ghrelin as human natural hormones is involved in fundamental regulatory process of eating and energy balance. It is a stomach derived hormone that acts as at the ghrelin receptor in multiple tissues throughout to the body. Its properties includes increasing appetite, decreasing systemic inflammation, decreasing vascular resistance ,increasing cardiac output, increasing glucose and IGF-1 levels, Hence it may play a significant role in Diabetes mellitus. Many studies have linked ghrelin to obesity and this paper is an attempt to bring out recent findings on the role of ghrelin in Diabetes Mellitus, particularly type2 Diabetes mellitus.

Role of ghrelin in the regulation of energy balance in adult male albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Naglaa Y. Nafeh ◽  
Mona A. Said
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Albino Rats

scholarly journals Out of the loop? On the radical and the routine in urban big data

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110140
Author(s):  
Sarah Barns
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Out Of The Loop ◽  
Urban Futures ◽  
Urban Behaviour ◽  
The City

This commentary interrogates what it means for routine urban behaviours to now be replicating themselves computationally. The emergence of autonomous or artificial intelligence points to the powerful role of big data in the city, as increasingly powerful computational models are now capable of replicating and reproducing existing spatial patterns and activities. I discuss these emergent urban systems of learned or trained intelligence as being at once radical and routine. Just as the material and behavioural conditions that give rise to urban big data demand attention, so do the generative design principles of data-driven models of urban behaviour, as they are increasingly put to use in the production of replicable, autonomous urban futures.

scholarly journals Transkingdom interactions between Lactobacilli and hepatic mitochondria attenuate western diet-induced diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. Rodrigues ◽  
Manoj Gurung ◽  
Zhipeng Li ◽  
Manuel García-Jaramillo ◽  
Renee Greer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Host Metabolism ◽  
Harmful Effects

AbstractWestern diet (WD) is one of the major culprits of metabolic disease including type 2 diabetes (T2D) with gut microbiota playing an important role in modulating effects of the diet. Herein, we use a data-driven approach (Transkingdom Network analysis) to model host-microbiome interactions under WD to infer which members of microbiota contribute to the altered host metabolism. Interrogation of this network pointed to taxa with potential beneficial or harmful effects on host’s metabolism. We then validate the functional role of the predicted bacteria in regulating metabolism and show that they act via different host pathways. Our gene expression and electron microscopy studies show that two species from Lactobacillus genus act upon mitochondria in the liver leading to the improvement of lipid metabolism. Metabolomics analyses revealed that reduced glutathione may mediate these effects. Our study identifies potential probiotic strains for T2D and provides important insights into mechanisms of their action.

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