Comparison of tree-ring and eddy-covariance derived annual ecosystem production estimates for jack pine and trembling aspen forests in Saskatchewan, Canada

Abstract Kozak's variable exponent taper equation was fitted for balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss), black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.), and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) in Manitoba. Stem taper variability between two ecozones (i.e., Boreal Shield and Boreal Plains) were tested using the F-test. Regional differences were observed for trembling aspen, white spruce, and jack pine, and for those species, separate ecozone-specific taper equations were developed. However, the gross total volume estimates using the ecozone-specific equations were different from those of the provincial equations by only 2 percent. Although the regional difference in stem form was marginal within a province, a difference of approximately 7 percent of gross total volume estimation was found when our provincial taper equations were compared with those developed in Alberta and Saskatchewan. These results suggest that stem form variation increases with spatial scale and that a single taper equation for each species may be sufficient for each province.

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Estimating branch production in trembling aspen, Douglas-fir, jack pine, black spruce, and balsam fir

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x06-284 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 1024-1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

P.Y. Bernier ◽

M.B. Lavigne ◽

E.H. Hogg ◽

J.A. Trofymow

Keyword(s):

Primary Productivity ◽

Net Primary Productivity ◽

Black Spruce ◽

Jack Pine ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Balsam Fir ◽

Trembling Aspen ◽

Wood Production ◽

Conifer Species ◽

Branch Wood

Measuring net primary productivity of trees requires the measurement of total wood production of branches. Recent work on balsam fir ( Abies balsamea ) has shown that branch-wood production can be estimated as a function of foliage production. We extend the analysis to four other species found in the Canadian forest: black spruce ( Picea mariana ), jack pine ( Pinus banksiana ), Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ), and trembling aspen ( Populus tremuloides ). Results show that the ratio of annual branch-wood production to annual foliage production is about 1.0 for conifer species (between 0.86 and 1.12) and 0.56 for aspen during a nondrought year. An analysis using field measurements of litterfall and stem-diameter increment from selected forested sites shows that branch-wood production accounts for a smaller proportion of aboveground net primary productivity in trembling aspen (15%–20%) than in conifer species (25%). Also, litterfall capture of small branches (<1 cm diameter) accounts for only 33% of branch detritus production in conifers and 50% in trembling aspen. This study supports the use of an alternative method for estimating branch-wood production that reduces the potential bias in field estimates of net primary productivity.

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Effects of pH and Mineral Nutrition on Growth and Physiological Responses of Trembling Aspen (Populus tremuloides), Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana), and White Spruce (Picea glauca) Seedlings in Sand Culture

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9060682 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 682

Author(s):

Feng Xu ◽

Maryamsadat Vaziriyeganeh ◽

Janusz J. Zwiazek

Keyword(s):

Populus Tremuloides ◽

Pinus Banksiana ◽

Root Zone ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

White Spruce ◽

Jack Pine ◽

Sand Culture ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Trembling Aspen ◽

High Ph

Responses of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), jack pine (Pinus banksiana), and white spruce (Picea glauca) seedlings to root zone pH ranging from 5 to 9 were studied in sand culture in the presence of two mineral nutrition levels. After eight weeks of treatments, effects of pH on plant dry weights varied between the plant species and were relatively minor in white spruce. Higher nutrient supply significantly increased dry weights only in trembling aspen subjected to pH 5 treatment. There was little effect of pH and nutrition level on net photosynthesis and transpiration rates in white spruce and jack pine, but net photosynthesis markedly declined in aspen at high pH. Chlorophyll concentrations in young foliage decreased the most in trembling aspen and jack pine. The effects of high pH treatments on the concentrations of Mg, P, Ca, Mn, Zn, and Fe in young foliage varied between the plant species with no significant decreases of Fe and Zn recorded in trembling aspen and white spruce, respectively. This was in contrast to earlier reports from the studies carried out in hydroponic culture. The sand culture system that we developed could be a more suitable alternative to hydroponics to study plant responses to pH in the root zone. Plant responses to high pH appear to involve complex events with a likely contribution of nutritional effects and altered water transport processes.

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Mixed-species effect on tree aboveground carbon pools in the east-central boreal forests

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x09-171 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 37-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Xavier Cavard ◽

Yves Bergeron ◽

Han Y.H. Chen ◽

David Paré

Keyword(s):

Boreal Forest ◽

Populus Tremuloides ◽

Pinus Banksiana ◽

Black Spruce ◽

Mixed Forest ◽

Jack Pine ◽

Carbon Gain ◽

Trembling Aspen ◽

Niche Complementarity ◽

Aboveground Carbon

This study investigates the potential of mixed forest stands as better aboveground carbon sinks than pure stands. According to the facilitation and niche complementarity hypotheses, we predict higher carbon sequestration in mature boreal mixedwoods. Aboveground carbon contents of black spruce ( Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns, Poggenb.) and trembling aspen ( Populus tremuloides Michx.) mixtures were investigated in the eastern boreal forest, whereas jack pine ( Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and trembling aspen were used in the central boreal forest. No carbon gain was found in species mixtures; nearly pure trembling aspen stands contained the greatest amount of aboveground carbon, black spruce stands had the least, and mixtures were intermediate with amounts that could generally be predicted by linear interpolation with stem proportions. These results suggest that for aspen, the potentially detrimental effect of spruce on soils observed in other studies may be offset by greater light availability in mixtures. On the other hand, for black spruce, the potentially beneficial effects of aspen on soils could be offset by greater competition by aspen for nutrients and light. The mixture of jack pine and trembling aspen did not benefit any of these species while inducing a loss in trembling aspen carbon at the stand level.

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Comparisons between PnET-Day and eddy covariance based gross ecosystem production in two Northern Wisconsin forests

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ◽

10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.08.005 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 148 (2) ◽

pp. 247-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Soung-Ryoul Ryu ◽

Jiquan Chen ◽

Asko Noormets ◽

Mary K. Bresee ◽

Scott V. Ollinger

Keyword(s):

Eddy Covariance ◽

Gross Ecosystem Production ◽

Ecosystem Production

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Are periodic tangential band of vessels a new anatomical marker of floods in diffuse-porous tree rings?

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-5326 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jacques C. Tardif ◽

Heather Dickson ◽

France Conciatori ◽

Alexandre Florent Nolin ◽

Yves Bergeron

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

Flood Events ◽

Trembling Aspen ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Balsam Poplar ◽

Vessel Area ◽

Spring Flow ◽

Flood Rings ◽

Black Ash ◽

Diffuse Porous

Flood rings (FR) in ring-porous species have been widely used to identify flood events in boreal and temperate regions. Flood rings also have been experimentally reproduced in both Quercus and Fraxinus species. More recently, continuous measurement of earlywood cross-sectional vessel area in riparian black ash trees (Fraxinus nigra Marsh.) have shown that not only were FR associated with flood events but that the year-to-year variation in chronologies derived from earlywood cross-sectional vessel area also reflected that in mean spring flow data. These findings led to the reconstruction of the Harricana river spring flow for the period 1770-2016 with more than 65% of the variance in the gauge streamflow data captured (See Nolin et al. presentation at EGU2020). Compared to ring-porous species, anatomical variations in diffuse-porous species in relation to flood events has been little studied.In this study, both ring-porous black ash and diffuse-porous [trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.)] trees were sampled in three floodplain sites located on the shore of Lake Duparquet, northern Quebec. Within each floodplain site, trees were selected so to represent a gradient of exposure to spring flooding. Given that the response of black ash to flooding is well documented (FR), paired sampling was used so each Populus tree was paired with a nearby black ash tree. When feasible, cross-sections from dead trees were also collected. For each tree, the elevation of the tree base to lake water level and the height of extracted cores were noted. &#160;The main objective of the study was to assess if diffuse-porous trembling aspen and balsam poplar growing on floodplains responded like ring-porous black ash to annual spring flooding.All wood samples were prepared following standard dendrochronological procedures with visual crossdating validated using program COFECHA. In addition to ring-width measurements, a visual determination of the intensity of FR was done for each black ash tree. In diffuse-porous species, a newly observed tree-ring anomaly referred to as tree ring with &#8220;periodic tangential band of vessels&#8221; (PTBV) were systematically compiled using a two-part numerical code; the first digit corresponding to the start position of the banding sequence within a tree ring and the second digit referring to the number of consecutive bands within a sequence. Two observers independently compiled their observations. The main hypotheses were that years recording PTBV will correspond to FR years and that they will also be associated with those hydroclimatic variables leading to major spring floods. Preliminary analyses indicated that FR and PTBV years display synchronicity. Both anomalies are also associated with hydroclimatic conditions leading to major spring flooding. The absence of a perfect match between ring-porous and diffuse-porous species however as well as the observed variability in the banding patterns still need to be analyzed in relation to flood exposure and core height. The discovery of a new potential flood marker in diffuse-porous tree species opens the door for the novel application of wood-cell anatomy in dendrohydrology and especially when ring-porous species are absent. &#160;

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Evidence that soil fertility controls the mixing of jack pine with trembling aspen

Forest Ecology and Management ◽

10.1016/j.foreco.2011.05.042 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 262 (6) ◽

pp. 1054-1060 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Samuel Royer-Tardif ◽

Robert L. Bradley

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Jack Pine ◽

Trembling Aspen

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